关系代词基本用法

Grammar TheAttributiveClause 关系代词之基本用法 TheAttributiveClause 定语从句 1 概念 在复合句中 修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词 引导定语从句的词叫做关系词 SheisanEnglishteacherwholikestraveling 定语从句 关系词 先行词 结构 先行词 关系词 定语从句 SheisanEnglishteacherwholikestraveling 定语从句 关系词 先行词 结构 先行词 关系词 定语从句 关系词 1 关系代词 2 关系副词 which that who whom whosewhen where why 2 关系词的三大作用 1 连接主从句2 替代先行词 关系词 先行词 3 在从句中做成分 意义 关系代词 that that 既可指人 也可指物 在定语从句中作主语 宾语 且作宾语时可省略 Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly Thenoodles that Icookedweredelicious Whoisthemanthatisreadingabook Thegirl that wesawyesterdaywasBetty 关系代词 which which 指物 在定语从句中作主语or宾语 作宾语时可省略 Ilostthebookwhichyougaveme Thisisourschoolwhichisverybeautiful 一 只能用that不能用which 当先行词是不定代词时all none anything nothing everythingAllthatcanbedonemustbedone Weshouldmakeuseofeverythingthatisuseful 一 只能用that不能用which的情形 当先行词被all little few much some any no every修饰时AllthestudentsthatarestudyinginourclassarefromGuangdongprovince 当先行词被最高级 序数词以及theonly thevery修饰时ThisistheonlybookthatIcanfindinmydesk HeistheveryguythatIwanttotalkto Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddoistoeatsth 一 只能用that不能用which 当主句前以which who开头的特殊疑问词时 避免重复 Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere WhichballistheonethatbelongstoMike 一 只能用that不能用which的情形 一 只能用that不能用which 5当先行词同时指物和人时 只能用that Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatwehavevisitedinthecounty Summary 只能用that的情况 1 先行词既有指人又有指物2 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时 有theonly thevery等修饰时3 先行词是all much anything something nothing等不定代词时4 主句是以who which开头的特殊疑问句时 二 只能用which不能用that which可以引导非限制性定语从句 that不能Therecorder whichIpaid200dollars provestobeveryuseful Peterdrovetoofast whichwasdangerous which之前可以有介词 而that不能Iwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether Thisisthequestionaboutwhichtheyarediscussing 二 只能用which不能用that的情形 who 指人 在定语从句中作主语 或宾语做主语不能省略 关系代词 who Manypeoplewhodiedintheearthquakewerechildren ThepersonwhohaslittlehairisMr Zhang 二 只能用who不能用that 先行词是one ones those anyone heHewhodoesn tworkhardwillnotpasstheexam whom 指人 在定语从句中作宾语 作及物动词宾语可省略 但在介词后不可省略 关系代词 whom Thegirl whom yousawjustnowismysister Themanwhomyoujusttalkedto withisMr Li Themanto withwhomyoujusttalkedisMr Li 类似的短语搭配有 talkabout takecareof lookfor lookafter learnfrom listento等 二 只能用whom不能用who 当关系代词前有介词时ThegirltowhomIspokeismycousin 二 能位于介词后的关系代词 WhichIwillneverforgettheschoolinwhichwestudiedtogether whom ThegirltowhomIspokeismycousin 关系代词引导定语从句时 要注意几点 1 Whom which作介词宾语时 介词一般可以放在它们的前面 也可以放在从句原来的位置上 但是如果是固定词组 不能把介词和动词拆开 Thereisaroom inwhichyoucanstudy whichyoustudyin Roseisthestudentwhomyoushouldlookafter takecareof 关系代词who which that 在从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致 Anyonewho over20canjointhearmy I who yourfriend willhelpyou is am 注意 作宾语时关系代词可省 1 Themanwho Imettodaytoldmetocomeback 2 Thegirlwhom ImetlookslikeLily 3 Sheisthepersonthat Iwanttosee Thepenwhich youlentmeislost 4 Thebestwork shewroteand Ihavereadwillbemadeintofilm Awhich thatBthat thatCthat D 1 ThisisourmonitorwhoseEnglishisverygood 2 Iborrowedabookfromthelibrarywhosenameis WarandPeace whose 既可指人也可指物 在定语从句中作定语 关系代词 whose Itisapoordog Itsheartisbroken Itisapoordogwhoseheartisbroken Themanisshoutingforhelp Hishouseisonfire Themanwhosehouseisonfireisshoutingforhelp Thegirlisbeingtakentoahospital Herlegbrokeintheearthquake Thegirlwhoselegbrokeintheearthquakeistakentoahospital Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue IknowthegirlwhosenameisMary IknowthegirlofwhomthenameisMary IknowthegirlthenameofwhomisMary 总结 关系代词的用法 who that which that who that whom which that whose whose 怎样判断用什么关系代词 口诀 前看先行词 辩清人或物后看从句里 有无主宾语 关于定语从句的难点 和出错点 1 定语从句的从句部分出现代替的内容 ThisisthebookthatIlikeitbest 2 插入语成分 ThebeggarwhoIthinkispoorisinfactrich 从句部分 定语从句中的主谓一致问题 1 Sheisoneofthegirlswho praisedatthemeeting 2 Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho praisedatthemeeting be are is 5 在先行词缺少的情况下 要用theone来补充它的先行词 然后确定它的关系词 Thisisthefactory Iworkedlastyear Thisfactoryis Iworkedlastyear Thisfactoryis Ivisitedlastyear where inwhich theone where theone that 6 与其他从句和句式的区别 与where和when引导的状语从句的区别 区别的关键就是 是否有先行词 ThisistheschoolwhereIstudiedmanyyearsago TherewerealotofsheepwhereIlived IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstwenttoschool Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain inwhich onwhich 连词 在那里 连词 就在那个 就这个时候 Let sdosomeexercise 1 Thegirl isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter 2 Thegirl ourteacheristalkingwithisafamoussinger 3 Thegirl motherisateachercanspeakEnglishverywell 4 Ican tfindthebook isborrowedfromthelibrary 5 Ican tfindthebook youlenttome who that who whom that whose which that that which 巩固练习 用适当的关系词填空 1 Thisisall Iknowaboutthematter A thatB whatC whoD whether2 Isthereanythingelse youwant A whichB thatC whoD what3 Thelastplace wevisitedwastheGreatWall A whichB thatC whereD it Choosethebestanswers 10 Pleasetakethesecondchair isoverthere A whereB whichC whoD that 11 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn A thatB C whichD it 12 Finally thethiefhandedeverything hehadstolentothepolice NMET98 A whichB whatC whateverD that 14 Idon tlike youspeaktoher A thewayB thewayinthatC thewaywhichD thewayofwhich 15 Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood wasmorethanweexpected A whatB whichC thatD it 1 Thisisthebag mymotherboughtyesterday A thatB whoC whomD this2 Iknowthestudent youborrowedthepen A thatB fromwhomC fromwhichD whom3 Isthisthefactory alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday A theoneB whichC whoD whom4 Isthisfactory alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday A theoneB thatC whichD 练一练 1 Theman Isawtoldmetowait 2 Themanto Ispokewasaforeigner 3 Iknowaboy fatherisanacrobat 杂技演员 4 Hesawahouse windowswereallbroken Fillintheblankswithwho whom whose whichandthat who whom whose whose whom Let sdosomeexercise Makesentenceswiththeexpressionsandpictures theship wasthemostbeautifulintheworldatthattime Titanicistheship wasthemostbeautifulinthewordat