教案 高三名词性从句复习难点归纳和分析.doc

高三名词性从句复习难点归纳和分析一、学情分析教学对象为高三文科班学生。本班学生的水平参差不齐，有些差距还相当大。因此在教学过程中，布置的任务要兼顾各个层次的学生，使他们都有所收获。二、教材分析这是高三名词性从句语法复习课，尽管之前在各种练习中已经让学生对名词性从句有了多次的训练，可是如何将已学的知识进行总结、归纳，找出其内在联系，找出其规律，并在此基础上去扩展知识、指导实践，从而使学生对知识掌握得更加牢固更加深刻是我这节课的重点。我的目标是根据学生水平和教学设计进行整合或增减，让不同层次的学生在课堂上都有所收获。同时针对本班学生在名词性从句中的疑难问题进行针对性的剖析。三、教学目标1.Enablethestudentsto graspthedefinition,kindsanduseofnounclauses.2.Enablethestudentsto solve the difficult points in noun clauses by analysing sentence structures.四、教学难点重点1.Howtodistinguishdifferent types of nounclauses.2. How to distinguish the use of different conjunctions in noun clauses.3. How to understand some difficult points in the object clause.4.Howtotellthe appositiveclausefromtheattributiveclause.五、教具Multimedia，blackboard，automatic learning handout六、教学步骤Step I: Warming upStep II: Revision of Noun Clauses1、 含义、种类及作用Get Ss to tell what types of noun clauses the following sentences are.1.When and where he was born remains a secret. （主语从句）2.What people are worried about is whether we will be able to build a better future.（主语从句+表语从句）3.You dont know how worried she was!（宾语从句）4.You have no idea how worried she was!（同位语从句）顾名思义，名词性从句就是在连接词的引导下，充当整句的主干成分的从句。其作用和功能相当于名词。根据在句中充当的成分不同，可将名词性从句分为subject clause主语从句、object clause宾语从句、predictive clause表语从句和appositive clause同位语从句四大类。2、 名词性从句的关联词复合句的解题关键在于连接词，所以连接词的功能作用要十分清楚。分类对应的句子类型作用连接词That, whether, ifThat对应陈述句；Whether, if对应一般疑问句That the Earth goes round the sun is known to us all.=It is known to us all that the earth goes round the sun.Whether hes coming or not doesnt matter too much.=It doesnt matter too much whether hes coming or not .I dont know if he will come tomorrow.结论：that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用，没有含义；Whether, if不充当任何成分，只起引导作用，意为“是否”。连接代词Which，WhatWhose WhoWhomWhoeverWhateverWhichever对应一般疑问句Which,what在从句中作主语、宾语、定语或表语；翻译：1、请告诉我我应该选哪一个！ Please tell me which one I should choose.2、直到你尝试了才会知道你能做什么！ You never know what you can do untill you try.注意：what在名词性从句中可以指代人。翻译：Jack已经不是以前的他了。 Jack is no longer what he used to be!Whose在从句中作某名词的定语，一起充当从句的主语、宾语或表语；翻译：这是谁的钱依然不得而知。 Whose money it is is still unknown.Who在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；Whom在从句中作宾语。whichever在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；表示“中的任何一个”（有限定的选择范围）翻译： 你们当中无论哪一个打破窗户的都必须赔偿。（2013年江西卷） Whichever one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 这里有很多参考书，你可以选择任何你喜欢的。 There are many reference books here, you can choose whichever you likeWhoever在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；表示“任何人”，相当于anyone who.翻译：任何赢得了大选的人都将面临恢复经济的重任。 Whoever wins the election will be faced with a tough job getting the economy back on its feet.whatever在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；表示“任何事物/东西”相当于anything that.翻译：那个新来的前两天去了图书馆，寻找任何他能找到的和马克吐温的有关的东西。(2012辽宁卷T34) The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for whatever he could find about Mark Twain.连接副词HowWhenWhereWhy对应特殊疑问句在从句中作状语，且在句中都有相应的含义。Nobody gets to live life backward. Look ahead-thats where your future lies.Scientists study how human brains work to make computers.(2012四川卷T17)注意点1、 名词性从句和其他从句一样，都必须是有关联词引导主谓成分完整的句子。2、 和状语从句和定语从句不同，名词性从句和主句不能用逗号隔开。名词性从句为陈述语序，不可倒装。3、 It常常用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替较长的主语或宾语置于句首。解题策略 Step I Step II Step III 分清主句和从句分析从句成分是否完整从句缺成分（需要连接代词补全） 从句成分完整（根据句意和语气选择） 陈述语气：that “是否”：whether/if 特殊疑问语气： 为何 why何时when何地where如何（何种方式）how语法填空1. It doesnt matter_you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park. （whether）2. Scientists study_human brains work to make computers. (how)3. We promise_attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. (whoever)4. The shocking news made me realize_terrible problems we would face. (what)5. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of_others actually understand. 6. I made a promise to myself_this year, my first year in high school, would be different. 7. There is clear evidence_the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. 句型分析Get Ss to translate and analyse the following sentences: 1. 【To know that we know what we know,and that we do not know what we dont know】, that is the true knowledge.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也！2. That that （that that boy mistakenly wrote ）indicates the fact that he is not good at spelling.那个男孩写错了的那个that表明他不善拼写单词。3、 宾语从句注意事项注意事项说明例句/翻译时态呼应主句过去时，从句过去时他回答说他在听我（说话）。He answered that he was listening to me.主句过去时，从句有具体时间-一般过去时。Lily told us she was born on May 5, 1988.主句过去时，从句叙述客观真理等-一般现在时。父亲告诉我熟能生巧。Father told me that practice makes perfect.这个故事说明有志者事竟成。The story suggested that where there is a will there is a way.主句现在或将来时，从句据实情可用所需时态。He says he will be back in an hour.He says he is working hard.形容词后的宾语从句常见的这类形容词有：afraid, glad, sure, sorry, happy, surprised, certain, disappointed, satisfied.He is afraid that Jim will not come tomorrow.Im sure that we will achieve high grades in the coming exams.思考：这类形容词有何共同特征？形容人的情感和态度。It做形式宾语如果宾语从句后面还有宾语补足语，则需要用IT作形式宾语，同时将宾语从句后置。我们觉得你没帮她是不对的。We think it wrong that you didnt helped her.你或许感到奇怪他愿意住在那儿。You may think it strange that he would live there.that的省略1、 引导宾语从句的that在口语中可以省略；2、 多个that引导的宾语从句并列出现时，第一个宾语从句的that可以省略，其余宾从的that不可以省略。The note he left on the desk shows (that) he wouldnt like to talk to his father, and that he will stay with his friends , and that he will not come back until tomorrow.否定转移在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语尽管是否定意思，却不用否定形式，只将think等动词变为否定式。我认为你不对/你错了。I dont think you are right.我认为他还没完成他的工作。I dont believe hes finished his work yet.4、 名词性从句OR定语从句1. Small QuizAs is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. （_从句）What is often the case is that we have worked out the production plan.（_从句）It is often the case that we have worked out the production plan.（_从句）It is certain that the curse of the mummy remains a riddle to this day.（_从句）What is certain is that the curse of the mummy remains a riddle to this day.（_从句）Galileo collected facts that/which proved the Earth moves round the sun.（_从句）Galileo collected facts that the Earth moves round the sun.（_从句）The suggestion that he put forward at the meeting is good. （_从句）The suggestion that we clean the room by turns is good.（_从句）2.Conclusion:相似点不同点同位语从句V.S定语从句主句结构完整，不缺成分。都可以用THAT引导从句，作用：同位语从句的作用是阐明主句中某个名词的具体内容。这类名词多为抽象名词。如：news, fact, idea, suggestion等等。 定语从句是用来限定主句中某个名词的范围或补充一些说明。几乎所有名次都可以带定语从句。That的用法：(区分这两种从句的关键)That在所有的名词性从句中只起引导词作用，不充当任何成分，而且一般不可以省略。That在定语从句中不仅起引导词作用，而且充当主语、宾语、表语成分，在定语从句中做宾语时，可以省略。Step III: Practice and ConsolidationTASK 1:语篇填空（Optional）I like reading very much. My classmates question is 1. when I began to love reading. Actually, I loved reading as a child. I grew up in a college town and I spent all my summer vacations in this university. What I meant was 2. that I was surrounded by libraries and the people who loved to read. 3. That I went to the library to read every day was one of my favorite hobbies. My love of reading was credited with the fact 4. that my parents only let me watch an hour of TV a day. I learned to entertain myself through my mind and imagination. Its not really surprising 5. that literature became my vocation. Recently I have been reading a lot of multicultural womens legends. Jane Goodall went to Africa and studied chimps instead of going to university. 6. whether there are some connections between chimps and human beings puzzles me a lot. Thanks to Jane Goodall, her research showed me the answer.She argued 7. that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment. After finishing her story, I still have some doubts 8. how she could achieve great success on her own in the forest. Lin Qiaozhi, a doctor, became a specialist in womens illnesses. She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. 9. What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients. 10. Why she didnt choose to have a family of her own is clear to me now. TASK 2:高考真题检测1. (04江苏卷改T33)_ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.(定从) A. It B. When C. What D. As2. (04江苏卷例题)It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.(宾从) A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever3. (2005江苏卷T32)The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.(定从+表从)A. which; where B. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in which4. (06江苏卷T35)We havent settled the question of _