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ParaphraseUnit11. Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of peopleLittle donkeys make their way in and out of the moving crowds, or pass through them2. Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market.Then as you go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappears, and you come to the silent cloth-market.3. They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price downAfter careful search, comparison and some primary bargaining, they reduce their choices and try making the decision by beginning to do the really serious jobconvince the shopkeeper to lower the price.4. He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargainingHe will charge more than usual for that item and refuse to bring the price down by any significant amount during the bargain.5. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your earWhen you go near to the copper-smiths market, you can hear distinctly the noise of ringing, banging and clashing.Unit21. Serious-looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.2. The cab drivers door popped open at the very sight of a traveler.As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door.3. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the Kimono and the miniskirt.The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development.4. I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.5. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as I was. 6. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude.7. I was about to make a little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my reverie.I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant. His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking.8. I thought somehow I had been spared.I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done to me.Unit51. Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies in this country and the U.S.A.Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the US the support of those who were enemies of Communism.2. Winant said the same would be true of the U.S.A.Winant said the United States would adopt the same attitude.3. My life is much simplified thereby.In this way, my life is made much easier in this case, it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events.4. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.5. We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller ues of our resources.6. Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remains.Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.Unit61. The house detectives piggy eyes surveyed her sardonically from his gross jowled face.The house detectives narrow eyes looked her up and down scornfully from his fat face with a heavy jowl.2. Pretty neat sit-up you folks got.This is a pretty nice room that you have got.3. The obese body shook in an appreciative chuckle.The fat body shook in a chuckle because the man was enjoying the facet that he could afford to do whatever he liked and also he was appreciating the fact that the Duchess knew why he had come.4. He lowered the level of his incongruous falsetto voice.He had an unnaturally high-pitched voice. When he spoke now, he lowered the pitch.5. The words spat forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone.Ogilvie spat out the words, throwing away his pretended politeness.6. The Duchess of Croydonthree centuries and a half of inbred arrogance behind herdid not yield easily.The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families with a history of three century and a half. She wouldnt give up easily.7. “It is no go, old girl. Im afraid. It was a good try.”Its no use. What you did just now was a good attempt at trying to save the situation.8. “Thats more like it,” Ogilvie said. He lit the fresh cigar, ”Now were getting somewhere.” “Thats more acceptable,” Ogilvie said. He lit another cigar, ”Now were making some progress.”9. His eyes sardonically on the Duchess as if challenging her objection.He looked at the Duchess sardonically as if he wanted to see if she dared to object to his smoking.10. The house detective clucked hid tongue reprovingly.The house detective made noises with his tongue to show his disapproval.Unit91. a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race a man who became constantly preoccupied by the moral weaknesses of mankind 2. Mark Twain digested the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.Mark Twain first observed and absorbed the new American experience, and then introduced it to the world in his books or lectures.3. The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varieda cosmos.In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds.4. Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as a reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. Penniless and disheartened, he accepted a job as reporter with Territorial Enterprise in Virginia City 5. Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.Mark Twain began working hard to become well known locally as a newspaper and humorist.6. “and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says Well, that is California all over”And when California makes a plan for a new surprise, the solemn people in other states of the US smiles as usual, making a comment ”Well, thats typical of California” 7. Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.The man who had made the world laugh was himself consumed by bitterness.Unit101. Well show them a few tricksWe have some clever and unexpected tactics and we will surprise them in the trial.2. The case had erupted round my headThe case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.3. The fundamentalists adhered to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament.The fundamentalists believe in a word-for-word acceptance of what is said in the Bible. 4. that all animal life had evolved from a common ancestor that all animal life had developed gradually from a common original organism.5. “Lets take this thing to court and test the legality of it.”Lets accuse Scopes of teaching evolution and let the court decide whether he is breaking the law or not.6. People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the

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