Book1Module4Words 学案.doc

Word Study (Module 4,Book I)1.survey Vlook carefully at all of (sth/sb), esp from a distance 仔细全面地观察（某物某人）survey the countryside from the top of a hill 从山顶上眺望郊野 study (and describe) the general condition of (sth) 全面研究（及论述）（某事物）: a speech in which she surveyed the international situation _.Of the five hundred householders surveyed, 40% had dishwashers. _. n . general view, examination or description 全面的观察检查或论述; 审视; 概观; 概论: A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about._. a survey of the situation, subject 对情况 问题的概括论述 a public opinion survey 民意调查 2 bother v sb (about/with sth) 打扰或烦扰某人; 给某人添麻烦: _? 对不起打扰一下, 请问去车站怎麽走? Dont bother your father (about it) now; hes very tired._.Hes always bothering me to lend him money. 他老是闹着要我借给他钱.I, Tt take the time or trouble (to do sth) （为做某事物）费工夫, 添麻烦: _. 他甚至连说一声谢谢都不肯. about sb/sth 关心某人某事物: Dont bother about us well join you later. 别惦记我们-我们不久就和你们在一起了. cant be bothered (to do sth) 嫌麻烦而不为; 偷懒: The grass needs cutting but I cant be bothered to do it today. 草得剪一剪了, 但我今天却懒得去做. He could produce excellent work but usually he cant be bothered._.n. 麻烦; 不便 Did you have much bother finding the house? 你找到这所房子费劲吗? Thanks for your help! It was no bother. 谢谢你的帮助! 没什麽. _. 真抱歉给你添了这麽多的麻烦. a bother 恼人的事物; 讨厌的事物: What a bother! Weve missed the bus. 真恼人! 我们误了公共汽车.bothersome adj 引起麻烦的; 令人厌烦的.3.approach I, Tn come near or nearer to (sb/sth) in space or time （在空间或时间上）接近, 靠近（某人某事物）: The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house. _. As you approach the town the first building you see is the church. 接近那座城镇的时候, 首先看到的就是教堂. _.我觉得他很难接近（不好谈话）. begin to tackle (a task, problem, etc) 着手处理（事务 难题等）: Before trying to solve the puzzle, let us consider the best way to approach it. 要想解决这一难题, 咱们先来考虑一下如何着手方为上策.n Heavy footsteps signalled the teachers approach. 沉重的脚步声显示教师已经走近了. At her approach the children ran off. 她走近的时候, 孩子们都跑了. to sth 性质或特点相似的事物: Thats the nearest approach to a smile he ever makes. 那已算是他能做出的最近乎微笑的表示了. 通路; 进路; 道路: _. 通往宫殿的所有道路都有部队把守. 方法; 手段: a new approach to language teaching 语言教学的新方法. approachable adj（指人或物）可接近的 : The village is only approachable from the south. 这个村子只有从南边才能到达. approachability n U.4.starve v （使人或动物）挨饿, 饿死: Thousands of cattle are starving. 成千上万的牛正在挨饿. starve to death 饿死 Shes starving herself to try to lose weight._. for sth; sb of sth （使某人）得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物; 缺乏: children starving for/starved of affection 渴望受人疼爱的孩子(口仅用於进行时态) 感觉很饿: _. 晚饭吃什麽? 我饿极了! starve sb into sth/doing sth 使某人挨饿以迫其做某事: starved into surrender/surrendering 饿得只好投降. starve sb out (of sth)将某人饿得从隐藏处出来: It took 8 days to starve them out (of the building). 用了8天时间才把他们饿得（从那座建筑物里）出来了. starvationn U die of starvation饿死 a starvation diet,仅够存活的日常饮食.5.employ sb (in/on sth); sb (as sth) 雇用某人: _. 她现在已半年没有工作了. Shes employed as a taxi driver. 她受雇任计程车司机. They employed him to look after the baby. 他们聘请他照料婴儿. sb/sth (in/on sth); sth (as sth)使用某人某事物; 利用（时间 注意力等）: You could employ your spare time better. 你可以把闲暇时间利用得好些. employ n U 服务; 工作; 职业; 雇用; 受雇: I left their employ after an argument. 我与他们争吵之後就辞掉了工作. _? 你雇用她多长时间了?employable 可雇用; 可使用.employee n person who works for sb or for a company in return for wages 受雇者; 雇工; 雇员: employer n person or company that employs others 雇用者; 雇主:6.exchange 1 n 交换; 互换; 交流; 交易; 调换; 更换: Is five apples for five eggs a fair exchange? 用五个苹果换五个鸡蛋公平吗? Hes giving her French lessons in exchange for her teaching him English. _. U 兑换; 兑换率: What is the rate of exchange between the dollar and the pound? 美元和英镑之间的兑换率是多少?（不同国家的团体或人, 常为青年之间的）互访, 交流:exchange students 互派的留学生 exchange visits 两国间的互访 _. 她是出国的交流教师.v A for B; sth (with sb)交换; 互换; 调换; 更换: _. 他把蓝毛衣换成了红的. exchange (angry, etc) words 争吵; 争论: They exchanged angry words before the meeting but were finally persuaded to agree. 他们在会议前争吵起来, 经劝说最後言归於好. exchangeable可交换的; 可更换的; 可兑换的: Sale goods in this shop are not exchangeable. 本店货物售出概不退换.7.afford v (通常与can could或be able to连用)为（某目的）有足够的钱 时间 地方等: _. 他们因为坐不起计程车而步行. Id love to go on holiday but I cant afford the time._. We would give more examples if we could afford the space. 假如我们能匀出篇幅来, 就可以多举些例子了. I mustnt annoy my boss because I cant afford to lose my job,_. sth (to sb) 供给某事物; 给予某事物: The tree afforded (us) welcome shade. 这棵树下好乘凉. Television affords pleasure to many. 电视给很多人带来乐趣.8.survive v (from sth); (on sth) 继续生存或存在: the last surviving member of the family 这家唯一活着的人 Of the six people in the plane that crashed, only one survived._. Many strange customs have survived from earlier times. 有许多古怪的习俗源远流长.经历（某事物）幸存survive an earthquake, shipwreck, etc 经历地震 沉船等而死里逃生 The plants may not survive the frost. 这些植物不经冻. 比（某人）长命: The old lady has survived all her children. _. survivor n 9.contact n. U (with sb/sth) (a) state of touching (used esp with the vs shown) 接触（尤与下列示例中动词连用）: His hand came into contact with a hot surface. 他的手触到热物体的表面.The troops came into contact with the enemy. 部队已与敌人交锋（遭遇） 通讯; 联系; 交往: in constant radio/telephone contact (with sb) （与某人）经常保持无线电电话联系 _. 她跟儿子失去了联系.make contact (with sb/sth)与某人某事物交谈 会晤或取得联系: They made contact with headquarters by radio. 他们用无线电跟总部联络上 了. _. 我终於在巴黎同她取得了联系. （用电话 无线电 书信等与某人某事物）联系; 与.来往: _? 明天我在哪里能跟你联系?How to master English?Different people have different views on this question. As for me, I think in order to master English well and not to be a slave of English, wed better do as follows: First of all, reciting more .This is the most important in studying English. There is a good saying goes that “Your boss is your boss just because he(she ) has a large vocabulary than you have”, that is to say, to recite more in studying English is a good way of making yourself more excellent than others. Then, what to recite?(1)a large vocabulary of about 10000 words (2)at least 1000 useful phrases (3)beautiful sentences you come across in studying English. What we should recite including but not limited to the above three and of course the more the better. Second, practicing more. A best way to master English is to use it daily. I practice my oral English for about an hour almost everyday and my oral English becomes excellent as time goes by. The beautiful sentences you co