中考 代词和数词.doc

办学理念:把您的孩子当成我们的孩子！ 龙文教育中小学生个性化教育集团龙文教育学科教师辅导讲义 李俊楠 课题中考专题复习代词、数词教学目标1 Can use the prons correctly and freely .2 Improve reading and writing skills.重点、难点 How to use prons in reading and writing .考点及考试要求能掌握代词各种形式的用法，灵活运用于考试的各种题型中。教学内容中考专题复习数词一、基数词1）基数词写法和读法：one two three four five six seven eitht nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one thirty forty fifty sixty senventy eithty ninety hundred thousand million billion345three hundred and forty-five；2）基数词一般是单数形式，具体数目+单数。如：two thousand, seven thousand 但下列情况，常用复数： a. 表示不确的数目hundred thousand million billion后加s与of 短语连用，如：thousands of ;millions of 表示概数，不能与具体数目连 用，如scores of people 指许多人； b.在一些表示一排或一组的词组里； 如：They arrived in twos and threes.他们三三两两的到达了。 c. 表示几十岁； d. 表示年代，用 in +the +数词复数； e. 在乘法运算的一种表示法里，如：3 x 5 = 15 Three fives is (are) fifteen.二、序数词序数词的缩写形式： first-1stsecond-2third-3rd fourth-4th fifth-5th sixth-6th seventh-7th eithth-8th ninth-9th tenth 10th eleventh-11th twelfth-12th thirteenth-13 fourteenth-14th fifteenth-15th sixteenth-16th seventeenth-17th eithteenth-18th nineteenth-19th twentieth 20th thirtieth 30th thirty-first-31st第四到十九基数词后加th构成。十位数的序数词由相应的基数词变y为I 加eth构成。第二十一到九十九等，前面的十位数用基数词，后面的个位数用序数词，中间用连字符“一”连接。第一百 一千 一百万分别在相应的基数词后面加th.序数词之前一般要加定冠词或代词。如：Sunday is the first day of the week.He is my first teacher.有时，序数词前用不定冠词，表示再一，又一“的意思。如：Then he tried a second time.三、 数词的用法1）倍数表示法 a. 主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+ as + adj. + as I have three times as many as you.我有你三倍那么多。 b. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ the size (amount，length) of The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。 c. 主语+谓语+倍数（分数）+ 形容词（副词）比较级+ than The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. 今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。 d. 还可以用by+倍数，表示增加多少倍 The production of grain has been increased by four times this year. 今年粮食产量增加了4倍。2）分数表示法构成：基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母。分子大于1时，分子的序数词用单数，分母序数词用复数： 1/3 one-third ； 3/37 three and three-sevenths四.年月日的表达法，先月后日，把年代放在最后，用逗号隔开。1949，10，1读作：October first nineteen fourty-nine时刻的表达法：1，按顺序读，用基数词。如：7：30 seven thirty 8:15 eitht fifteen 12:48 twelve forty-eitht.2.用介词past,past之前为分钟数（须在半小时以内，包括半小时）past之后为钟点数。Eg:6:11: eleven past six 7:15 :fifteen(a quarter) past seven 9:3o: thirty (half) past nine3用介词to,to前为分钟数（须在半小时以上，不包括半小时）to之后为下一个钟点数，表示“差几分到几点”。如：7:15 fifteen(a quarter) to eitht 11:36 twenty-six to twelve口诀：半小时及以内用past，分在前，点在后，中间past；-几点过几分半小时以后用to，分在前（分用60减），点在后（点加上1），用to来连接-差几分到几点。中考专题复习代词代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。代词一、人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：数单数 复数格主格 宾格 主格宾格 第一人称 Ime weus第二人称youyouyouyou he himthey them 第三人称sheherthey them it it they them 如：He is my friend.他是我的朋友。Its me.是我。二、 物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人物和数的变化见下表。数单数复数人称 第一第二第三第一第二第三人称 人称 人称人称人称人称形容词性myyourhis/her its our your/their物主代词名词性 mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs物主代词如： I like his car.我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here，and theirs is there.我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。常用代词的解析及用法：形容词性的物主代词与名词性物主代词形容词性的物主代词+名词性的物主代词= 名词性的的物主代词A形容词性的物主代词起形容词的作用，在句中可作定语。如：My classmate is his sister.B：名词性的物主代词在句中起作主语，宾语和表语的作用。如：My mother is a worker,what about yours.In the evening I do my homework and they do theirs.三、指示代词表示那个、这个、这些、那些等，指示概念的代词指示代词有this，that，these，those等。 如： That is a good idea.那是个好主意。四、 表示我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己、你们自己和他们自己等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为反身代词。如： She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。五、 表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词，有each other 和one another两组，但在运用中，这两组词没什么区别。如： They love each other.他们彼此相爱。Some and any Some 用于肯定句以及希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中；如：Would you like some cakes?Will you please give me some bread?any用于疑问句和否定句，用于肯定句中表“任何的” 如:Any student here can speak English.共同点：在句中作主语宾语和定语；与可数名词和不可数名词连用。 Each and every:each 指两个或两个以上的人或物，侧重个体，且可以单独使用。Every 对三个或三个以上的人或事物而言，侧重整体，且不可单独使用，只能修饰名词或代词。There are many trees on each side of the street. Two girls entered,each was carrying a bag.The teacher has told every student to come on time. Every boy has an English magazine.Both and all :both 指两个人或物；all 用于三个或三个以上的人或物。共同点：位于系动词的后面，行为动词的前面。We are all here. My parents are both teachers. They all went to the park yesterday.Many,few,a few 与much,little ,a little.表肯定表否定可数名词many,a few few不可数名词much ,a little littleThe other表示“两个中的另一个（第二个）”通常与one连用（即one-,the other）复数形式为the others.特指某一范围中的“其余的人或物”如：I have two sisters.One is in Grade One ,the other is Grade Three.There are many students playing on the playground,some are playing football,some playing basketball.Others are playing volleyball.another表示“三个或三个以上的另一个”其复数形式为others,泛指不定的人或物。如：I dont like this one ,show me another one.六、 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11，both，each，every等，以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代词，如anybody， something，no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，但none和由some，any，no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语。如：- Do you have a car? -你有一辆小汽车吗？- Yes，I have one.-是的，我有一辆。- I dont know any of them. 他们，我一个也不认识。七、 疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词，引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句）如：Tell me who he is. 告诉我他是谁。八、 关系代词有who，whom，whose，that，which，as等，可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等；另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词（通称为先行词）。如： He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那个人1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语，例如： John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。 John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。 说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中，例如： When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。 2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，但在口语中也能作主语补语，第一人称在省略句中，还可以作主语，例如：I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her做宾 语，them做介词宾语，her做主语补语代词的指代问题1）不定代词 anybody，everybody，nobody，anyone， someone， everyone，no one， 及whoever和person在正式场合使用时，可用he, his, him代替。 Nobody came, did he?谁也没来，是吗?2）动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替，有时也用he, she，带有亲切的感情色彩。 Give the cat some food. She is hungry.给这猫一些吃的。她饿了。3）指代车或国家，船舶的名词，含感情色彩时常用she。代词的顺序1) 单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为： 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称you he/she;it - I You, he and I should return on time.2) 复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称weyou They注意： 在下列情况中，第一人称放在前面。a. 在承认错误，承担责任时， It was I and John that made her angry.b. 在长辈对晚辈，长官对下属说话时，如长官为第一人称， 如：I and you try to finish it.c. 并列主语只有第一人称和第三人称时，d. 当其他人称代词或名词被定语从句修饰时数词专项练习题：1.You can see _ if you go out at night. A.million stars B.thousand of stars C.hundreds stars D.million of stars2.Is this your _ visit to my hometown,Zunyi?No.Ive been here for many times. A.one B.the first C.first3. All the visitors live on floor.A. two B. second C. the second4.More than nine students are doing sports now. A .hundredsB. hundred ofC. hundredD. hundreds of5. Now, everybody, please turn to Page _ and look at the _picture.A. Fifth; five B. Five; fifthC. Fifth; fifth D. Five; five6. I dont believe that this _ boy can paint such a nice picture. A. five years old B. five-years-old C. five-year-old7. Football is so exciting that _ people in the world play it. A. million of B. millions of C. two millions of8. There are over _ students in their school. A. hundreds B. nine hundreds C. hundreds of D. nine hundred 9. of the land is covered with trees and grass in Pingjiang, Yueyang. A. Three fives B. Three fifths C. Three fifth10. September is _ month of the year. A. ninth B. nine C. the nine D. the ninth11.How was your day off yesterday? Perfect! It was my grandmas _ birthday. We had a big cake. A. eighty B. eightieth C. the eightieth12. Every year, _ people go to visit their factoryA. a thousand of B thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of13.Last year, I visited a chemical factory in Baise, there are about _ workers in it. A. six thousands B. six thousand C. six thousands of D. six thousand of14. About_of the students in our class were born in the_A. two-thirds, 1990s B. two-thirds, 1990 C. two-third, 1990s15. The teacher said that_ of the boys would take part in the talent show.A. three five B. three fives C. thirds fifths D. three fifths16.Tomorrow is the boys _ birthday. A. seventh B. seven C. seventeen17Which is the biggest number of the four? AOne-third BTwo-thirds CA half DA quarter18. _people will visit Qinzhou during the 12th Games of Guangxi.A. Thousand B. Two thousands C. Thousands of D. Thousand of19.Excuse me, how can I get to the museum?- Sorry. Its my_ time to he here.A. one B. first C. once20. For breakfast, I usually have_ and two pieces of bread. A. a cup of mild halfB. half a cup of milkC. a half milk cupD. half a milk cup21.July 1st of this year is _ birthday of CPC (中国共产党).A. ninety B. the ninety C. the ninetieth22. David, how old is your father this year?_. And we just had a special party for his _ birthday last weekend. A. Fortieth; fortyB. Forty; fortyC. Forty; fortiethD. Fortieth; fortieth 23.Kangkang is a school boy. He got a good gift on his birthday. A. fourteenth B. fortieth C. the fortieth24. Nowdays of business letters are written in English. A. two third B. two thirds C. two three C. second three25. If a=4, b=5, whats the answer to the question “ a + 2ab +1 =?” .A. Forty-fifth B. Forty-five C. Twenty-three D. One hundred and twenty-one代词专项练习题：1. Im talking to you, Jack. Please listen to_ carefully.A. me B. mine C. you D. yours2. I knocked on the door but _ answered.A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody3. I have two children, and _ of them are working in the west of China.Aall B. both C. neither D. either4. Is this _ ruler?No. _ is over there. A. her; Her B. her; Hers C. hers; Hers D. hers; Her5. Please send _ best wishes to Mary.A. IB. meC. my D. mine6_ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.A. Somebody B. Everybody C. Nobody D. None7. _ bike is this? I think it petersA. WhoB. WhichC. WhoseD. What8. Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.It doesnt matter. You can have _. A. weB. usC. ourD. ours9. Most of the work was done by my sister and_.A. me B. I C. my D. Mine10.The book might be my sisters. Hemingway is _ favorite author. A. his B. her C. my 11. George reads the newspaper every morning. Thats habit.A. he B. him C. his D. himself12. Will you take part in the English speech competition tomorrow?Sure. I see it as a chance to prove_ .A. myself B. me C. yourself D. you 13. Where did you go for your winter vacation? My family went to Paris._ had a great time.A. He B. She C. We D. They14. May I have a talk with you, sir? Ive got important to tell you. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything15. Im hungry, is there any bread in the fridge? _but we have cakes. Would you like to have one? A. Some B. Much C. None D. Nothing16. British people usually shake hands the first time _ meet. A. they B. you C. we D.I 17. My friend Tom comes from Canada and _ is a tall boy with blue eyes. A. he B. his C. she D. it18. Helen and Mary are good friends. _often help each other. A. Them B. Theirs C. They D. Their19.Xiaoming and his brother are in the same school. And like sports very much. A. they B. them C. their20. Linda has two Chinese friends. _often talk in Chinese.A. Their B. Them C. They21. How do you usually come to school, by bus or by bike?_. I walk. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. Any22. Here are three books on history. Which one would like to borrow?_. You see, Im interested in history these days. A. All B. None C. Both D. Each23. Which club would you like to join, art club or basketball club?_ is OK. Im good at them.A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. All24. It was a heavy snow last night. Are we all here now?Yes, and _ of us was late for school. A. all B. either C. neither D. none25. Are Mr. and Mrs. Wang living alone in the house? Yes, altough they have three sons, of them live with their parents. A. neihter B. both C. all D. none26. Which do you prefer, green tea or coffee?_.thanks. Id like a glass of water.A. Either B. Neither C. Both27. Peter tried on three jackets, but _ of them fitted him.A. all B. both C. none D. neither28. Did you see Peter and Mike? No, I saw _of them. A. neither B. either C. both D. none29. Which do you like better, tea or coffee?_ of them. I like water. A. All B. Both C. Neither30. What do you think of the four classics (名著)of China?I hear that they are wonderful, but Ive read _ of them. A. allB. bothC. neitherD. none 一、完型填空I front of my daughter, Sherry, was a bowl filled with cabbage .She _1_cabbage. She sat there with tears in her eyes. “Sherry, my dear, why dont you _2_ a little? Your mum will shout at me.”Sherry wiped her tears _3_ the back lf her hand. “OK, Dad. I will eat, but just a little.” Then Sherry asked, “Dad, _4_ I eat it all, will you give me what I want?”“_5_”Slowly Sherry began to eat. It took her almost half an hour to finish the _6_ . Then she came up to me and said,” Dad, I want to have my head shaved (剃)!”“Sherry, why dont you _7_ something else? If we see you with a clean-shaven _8_ ,we will feel sad,” I said.“But Dad, you _9_ ! You should keep your word!” I had to keep my promise . Sherry had all her hair _10_ . On Monday morning. I took Sherry to school. Just when we arrived, a _11_ got out of a car and shouted. “Sherry, please wait for _12_!”Sir, your daughter is great!” a man got out of the car and said.” That is my _13_, Harvey. He had cancer. He lost his hair when he got _14_. Sherry cut hers off so that Harvey felt less_15_. She is a special girl.”I stood there for a while. “My little daughter, you teach me how selfless real love is!”( )1. A. Drew B. hated C. grew D. sold ( )2. A. eat B. drink C. cook D. make ( )3. A. for B. by C. on D. with( )4. A. though B. because C. if D. before ( )5 A. No B. Sorry C. Yes. D. Thanks ( )6. A. homework B. rice C. composition D. food( )7. A. look at B. ask for C. see to D. help with( )8. A. head B. arm C. face D. leg( )9. A. refused B. believed C. promised D. forgot( )10. A. colored B. cut off C. washed D. cut short ( )11. A. boy B. man C. girl D. woman( )12. A. her B. him C. them D. me ( )13. A. son B. uncle C. father D. brother( )14. A. happy B. ill C. nervous D. old( )15. A. comfortable B. beautiful C. important D. different二、阅读理解AA little boy selling magazines for school walked up to a house that people rarely visited. The house was very old and run down and the owner hardly ever came out. They boys parents told him to stay away from the house, a lot of other neighborhoods children were told the same from their parents.As he was ready to walk away, the door slowly opened. “What do you want?” the old man said. “Uh, sir, I uh am selling these magazines and uh I was wondering if you would like to buy one.” The old man started at the boy. The boy could see inside the old mans house and saw that he had dog figurines（小雕像） on the fireplace mantle. “Do you collect dogs?” the little boy asked. “Yes, I have many collectibles in my house, they are my family here, they are all I have.” The boy then felt sorry for the man, as it seemed that he was a very lonely soul. Then the old man was ready to close the door and said,” No, boy, I dont need any magazines of any kind, now goodbye.The little boy was sad that he was not going to make his quota with the sale. He was also sad for the old man being so alone in the big house. The boy went home and then had