第三部分 专题一 第四讲 形容词和副词 专题训练.doc

第三部分 专题一 第四讲 形容词和副词1.形容词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的用法。2形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。3表示时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等的副词的用法。42011年高考对形容词、副词的考查热点将仍然集中在对形容词、副词的辨析上，同时继续加强对形容词、副词比较等级的考查。1(2010陕西高考)Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.Alikely BpossibleCprobable Dsure解析：此题考查形容词辨析。be likely to do sth.意为“有可能做某事”。句意：研究表明如果长期坐在电脑前人常常患有背部疾病。B、C两项作表语时，主语一般不是人，可以用物或it作形式主语；D项不合题意。答案：A2(2010湖北高考)In this lecture，I can only give you a purely _ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.Aprivate BpersonalCunique Ddifferent解析：考查形容词辨析。根据语意可以看出说话人想表达的是“个人的”观点，而不是A项“私人的”，C项“独特的”和D项“不同的”。答案：B3(2010湖北高考)Mistakes dont just happen；they occur for a reason.Find out the reason，and then making the mistake becomes _.Afavourable BpreciousCessential Dworthwhile解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：错误不单单发生，它们的发生都是有原因的，找出原因，那么犯的错误也就值得了。A项是“赞同的，有利的”；B项是“昂贵的，宝贵的”；C项是“必要的，重要的”；D项是“值得的”。答案：D4(2010湖北高考)If I find someone who looks like the suspect，my _ reaction will be to tell the police.Aphysical BimmediateCsensitive Dsudden解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：如果我发现某人看上去像嫌疑犯，我的即时反应就是报警。A项“体力的，物理的”；B项“立刻，马上”；C项“敏感的，体贴的”；D项“突然的”。故B项符合句意。答案：B5(2010湖北高考)I wasnt blaming anyone；I _ said errors like this could be avoided.Amerely BmostlyCrarely Dnearly解析：考查副词辨析。句意：我不是在责怪任何人；我只是说这种错误是可以避免的。A项“仅仅，只”；B项“主要地”；C项“很少，罕见”；D项“几乎，差不多”。只有A项符合题意。答案：A6(2010福建高考)Volunteering is becoming _ popular in China.Yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.Anaturally BsuccessfullyCsplendidly Dincreasingly解析：考查副词辨析。naturally意为“自然地”；successfully意为“成功地”；splendidly意为“极好地”；increasingly意为“越来越多地”。根据句意“在中国，志愿者工作正变得越来越受欢迎”可知，答案D正确。答案：D7(2010浙江高考)I have been convinced that the print media are usually more _ and more reliable than television.Aaccurate BridiculousCurgent Dshallow解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：我相信平面媒体要比电视有更高的准确度和可信赖度。此处用accurate“精确的，准确的”与后面的reliable“可信赖的，可依靠的”保持一致，故答案选A项。ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的；urgent紧急的，迫切的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。答案：A8(2010浙江高考)Do you think shopping online will _ take the place of shopping in stores?Aespecially BfrequentlyCmerely Dfinally解析：考查副词辨析。句意：你认为网上购物最终会取代实体店铺购物吗？finally表示“最后，最终”，符合句意。especially表示“特别，尤其”；frequently表示“经常”；merely则表示“仅仅”，都不符合句意。故这里选D项。答案：D9(2011长沙二模)It is definite that new digital mobile phones have less radiation，but that does not _ mean that they should be used without caution.Aobviously BnecessarilyCgenerally Deventually解析：考查副词辨析。necessarily必要地，必须地，必然地。句意：很显然这款新型的数码手机辐射较小，但是并不必然意味着我们在使用的过程中可以不加小心。obviously明显地；generally一般，通常；eventually最终，最后，均不符合语境。答案：B10(2010海淀第二学期期末)David got a higher grade in the final exam，for，you see，he made _ mistakes.Afew BfewerClittle Dless解析：考查形容词比较级。所填词修饰可数名词mistakes，且根据题干意思是否定，由前一分句中的higher可知所填词用比较级，因此选B。答案：B11(2010西城5月)I did very well in the English exam last week.I did _.I got a full mark.Ano better Bnot better Cno worse Deven worse解析：考查形容词的用法。由后面的“I got a full mark”可以看出，回答者考得很好，所以选C。no worse后省略了than you，意思是：我考得不比你差，我得了满分。答案：C12(2010东城练习二)Young people go to college with the expectation that _ educated people get a higher pay.Agood BbetterCbest Dthe best解析：本题考查形容词、副词的比较级。句意：年轻人上大学，带着这样的期望得到更好教育的人会得到更高的工资报酬。所以本题应该选择B项。答案：B13(2010南通二模)The Expo site should be _ from anywhere in the city of Shanghai within 90 minutes by bus，subways and special taxis.Aadoptable BacceptableCavailable Daccessible解析：考查形容词词义辨析。adoptable可采用的，可收养的；acceptable可以接收的；available可利用的；accessible易接近的；易受影响的；可理解的。句意：世博会的场地应该在上海的任何地区不论是乘公交，地铁还是打的都能在90分钟内到达。故选D。答案：D14(2010哈尔滨检测)Each time you want a cigarette，think twice，and have an apple instead.Sorry，but I couldnt digest _ many apples.Athat BsuchCrather Dquite解析：本题考查副词用法。根据语境知，一次消化不了那么多苹果，名词被many修饰时其前用副词so而不用such，排除B项；that作副词意为“那么，那样”，相当于so，故A项正确。答案：A15(2010苏州一模)Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a success?Yes，_！It couldnt be _.Arelatively；better Bapproximately；worseCabsolutely；better Dfortunately；worse解析：本题考查副词和形容词在语境中的运用。relatively相对地，比较地；approximately大约；absolutely当然是，绝对正确；fortunately幸运地。根据语境知，第十一届全运会绝对是一个成功的盛会，再好不过了，故C项正确。答案：C.单项填空1(20104月济南模拟)Of the two cameras，I would prefer _ one，which is very easy for me to carry.Aa smaller Bthe smallestCa small Dthe smaller解析：考查形容词比较级。由of the two cameras 可知，总共有两台相机，其中“小的那台”，应该用比较级smaller，同时又是“确指”的概念，所以用the smaller，选D项。答案：D2(2011潍坊质量监测)Sorry.Somebody borrowed the book last week，but Ill let you know once it is _.Apossible BprobableCavailable Dpunctual解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：对不起，上周有人把书借走了，但一旦有的话，我会让你知道。available可得到的，符合句意。答案：C3(2011青岛市第二次模拟)Thinking that her daughter was doing homework，the mother left the room，_.Aquickly and gentle Bquick and gentleCquickly and gently Dquick and gently解析：quick and gentle在句中是形容词短语作伴随状语，往往用逗号隔开。答案：B4(2010青岛市联合模拟)Steves description of the place was so _ that I could almost picture it in my mind.Abitter BvividCsensitive Dcourageous解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：Steve把那个地方描述得如此生动以至于我差不多在脑海里把它想象出来了。注意picture在句中作动词，意为“想象”。bitter有苦味的，辛酸的；vivid生动的，栩栩如生的；sensitive敏感的，灵敏的；courageous勇敢的。根据句意可知B项正确。答案：B5(2010合肥第三次教学检测)My mom once worked in a very small village school，which is _ only on foot.Aacceptable BadequateCaccessible Dappropriate解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：我妈妈曾经在一个小村庄的学校教书，这所学校只有步行才能到达。这里用accessible表示“可进入的，可接近的”。acceptable可接受的；adequate适当的，充分的；appropriate合适的，适当的。答案：C6(2010福建毕业班检查)Even students with _ intelligence can be excellent students after bettering their study habits.Aaverage BunusualCsplendid Dpopular解析：考查形容词辨析。average表示“一般的，平常的”；unusual表示“异乎寻常的”；splendid表示“极好的，壮丽的”；popular表示“流行的”。根据语意，此处表示“智力一般的学生在改进学习习惯之后也能变得很出色”，所以选A项。答案：A7(2010湖南十二校第二次联考)Do you like the place of interest?On the contrary，its the _ place that I want to visit.Aworst BlastCbest Dlatest解析：考查形容词辨析。根据答语中的on the contrary可知，答话者对这个地方不满意。B项的last 表示“最不可能的”，即那是我最不想参观的地方。答案：B8(20103月济南模拟)On snowy days，you have to drive very _to avoid traffic accidents.Acautiously BneatlyCsmoothly Dproperly解析：考查副词辨析。句意：在下雪天，你必须谨慎驾车以避免交通事故。cautiously谨慎地；neatly整洁地；smoothly平滑地；properly适当地。答案：A9(2010青岛市联合模拟)Broadly speaking，I would agree with Shirley，though not _.Awidely BentirelyCextremely Deventually解析：考查副词辨析。句意：一般地说，我是赞同Shirley的，尽管我不完全同意她的观点。widely“广泛地，普遍地”；entirely“完全地”；extremely“极端，非常”；eventually“最后，终于”。答案：B10(2010济宁市第二次联考)Food safety is _ important，so the government spares no efforts to prevent food pollution.Ahighly BreasonablyCstrongly Dnaturally解析：句意：食品安全非常重要，所以政府不遗余力地来阻止食品污染。highly“高度地，非常”；reasonably“适度地，相当地，合乎情理地”；strongly“强烈地，坚固地，坚强地”；naturally“自然地”。根据句意选A项。答案：A11(2010杭州市第二次教学检测)Though many extra planes and trains are used to carry passengers，traffic tools are still _ needed during the “May Day”holidays.Aeagerly BbadlyCequally Dslightly解析：考查副词。句意：尽管增加了许多航班和火车班次以便运送旅客，但是在五一假期里交通工具还很急需。eagerly“热切地”；badly“很，非常”；equally“平等地”；slightly“略微，稍微”。只有B项符合句意。答案：B12(2010合肥第三次检测)Jack is really a brave guy.So he is.And we cant admire his courage _.Atoo much Ba lotCvery much Da little解析：考查固定结构。从语意看，答话人也认为Jack是个勇敢的男孩，用cant.too much表示“再也不为过”。语意：我们非常欣赏他的勇气。答案：A13(2010海淀区第二学期期中练习)Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games.Yes.No one could perform _，I think.Awell BbetterCbest Dthe best解析：考查副词的用法。否定词no和比较级better连用，表达的是最高级的意思。句意：“我们的女运动员在温哥华冬奥运会上取得了巨大的成功。”“是的，我认为没有人能比她们表现得更好。”答案：B14(2010杭州市第二次教学质量检测)Lisa hasnt been feeling well _.Youd better go and see her.Alate BlaterClately Dlatest解析：考查副词。lately“最近，近来”常用于现在完成时的句子中，因此C项符合题意。答案：C15(2010福州模拟)When you study the local map，youll find this town is _.Atwice the size of that one Btwice as a large town as thatCtwice as larger as that oneDtwice as larger a town as that解析：句意：当你研究当地的地图时，你会发现这座城镇是那个的两倍大。倍数的表达方式：A is倍数the名词(如size/length)of B；B项中不定冠词位置错误；C、D项中as后应用形容词原级。答案：A16(2010青岛第二次模拟)My grandfather is as _ as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.Aenthusiastic BenergeticCtalkative Dsensitive解析：依据后半句hates sitting around doing nothing all day可知这里表示“精力充沛的”，故选B项。enthusiastic热情的；talkative健谈的；sensitive敏感的。答案：B17(2010烟台四校联考)Your suggestion sounds interesting，but they need a(n) _ one to get out of the mess.Aimpressive BtraditionalCpractical Dsimilar解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：你的建议听起来很有趣，但他们需要实用的办法来摆脱困境。impressive给人深刻印象的，感人的；traditional传统的；practical实际的，实践的，实用的；similar相似的，类似的。由句意可知答案为C。答案：C18(2010陕西教学质量检测)Shall we meet in front of the History Museum at 340?OK.It is _ for me.Asimple BfitCconvenient Dpleasing解析：考查形容词辨析。这里表示“那时我方便”，It is convenient for me.意为“我方便”。所以这里选C项。答案：C19(2010浙江金华十校3月联考)Boris has brains.In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class has _ IQ.Aa high Ba higherCthe higher Dthe highest解析：考查形容词比较级的用法。根据题干内容可知，这里是将Boris的智商与班级里其他同学的智商进行比较，因此应该用比较级，排除A、D两项；另外，这里是表泛指，因此用不定冠词，故B项正确。答案：B20(2010海南五校联考)Does Rita feel better today?Her condition has _ improved，but it will be some time before she returns to school.Asooner or later Bmore or lessCnow and then Donce in a while解析：考查固定短语。句意：“Rita今天感觉好点了吗？”“她的状况或多或少有了点改善，但是还需要一段时间她才能重返校园。”more or less“大致，大约，或多或少”，符合题意。sooner or later“迟早”；now and then“时而，不时，有时”；once in a while“偶尔，有时，间或”。答案：B.完形填空Even at the age of 75，Thelma was still very energetic，attractive and full of life.When her husband passed away，her children _1_ that she move to a “senior living community”As a(n) _2_ and lifeloving person，Thelma _3_ to do so.Shortly after moving in，Thelma became a selfappointed activities _4_ ，coordinating (协调) all sorts of things for the people in the community to do，and quickly became very _5_ and made many friends.When Thelma turned 80，her _6_ friends showed their _7_ by throwing surprise birthday party for her.When Thelma entered the dining room for _8_ that night，she was _9_ by a standing welcome and one of the coordinators led her to the head table.The night was _10_ with laughter and _11_ ，but throughout the evening，Thelma could not take her eyes _12_ a gentleman sitting at the other end of the table.When the _13_ ended，Thelma quickly _14_ from her seat and _15_ over to the man.“Pardon me，”Thelma said.“Please _16_ me if I made you feel _17_ by staring at you all night.I just couldnt help myself from looking your _18_ .You see，you look just like my fifth husband.”“Your fifth husband！”replied the gentleman.“Forgive me for asking，_19_ how many times have you been married？”With that a smile _20_ Thelmas face as she responded，“Four.”They were married shortly after.语篇解读：75岁高龄的Thelma是一个精力充沛、充满魅力与活力的老太太。丈夫死后Thelma并没有沉浸在失去至亲的悲痛中，而是带着热情投身于社会活动中。她在带给他人快乐的同时，也收获了自己的幸福。1A.demanded BrequiredCpersuaded Dsuggested解析：孩子们“建议”自己的母亲换一个环境，因此用suggest。demand要求，需要；require需要；persuade说服。答案：D2A.hopeful BelegantCoptimistic Dpromised解析：由第一句对她的描述：energetic，attractive and full of life 以及下文对她的描述可以推断出，她是一个乐观向上的人。答案：C3A.refused BpromisedCdecided Dsuspected解析：联系前文.that she move to a “senior living community”和后文的Shortly after moving in.可知，Thelma 接受了孩子们的建议，决定按他们说的去做。答案：C4A.official BdirectorCmanager Dconductor解析：由下文的“协调社区内人们的各项活动”可推知：她成了一个自己任命的活动指导员。director意思是“主管”，这里指协调指导员。答案：B5A.famous BpopularCsmart Dfamiliar解析：从空后的made many friends可以看出，她深受社区人们的欢迎。答案：B6A.newfound BnewbornCnewcome Dnewfashioned解析：本空所在句的意思是：当Thelma 80岁时，她(来到新社区后)新交的朋友们为了表达他们的感激之情为她举办了一个令她惊喜的生日聚会。因为是刚结交的朋友，因此用newfound。答案：A7A.satisfaction BthanksCappreciation Dencouragement解析：由下文他们举办的聚会的盛大规模和隆重气氛可知，对Thelma 表达感激，符合他们的心情。thanks意思是“感谢”，为普通用语，不符合语境。答案：C8A.fun BpartyCceremony Ddinner解析：由空前的entered the dining room 可以看出，她是来吃饭的。答案：D9A.provided BacceptedCgreeted Doffered解析：此题考查了英美国家的文化背景。在英美，当主角来到派对现场时，其他人应该向她“致意”。greet在这里是“向致意”的意思。答案：C10A.arranged BfilledCspent Ddesigned解析：联系空后的with laughter可知，当时聚会的气氛非常融洽，整个晚上充满了欢声笑语。答案：B11A.relaxation BinterestCentertainmentDfantasy解析：由空前的laughter和and可以看出，只有entertainment符合语境，与laughter构成顺接关系。答案：C12A.off BawayCover Dupon解析：由下文的by staring at you all night可以看出，整个晚上她的眼睛一直没有离开过这位先生。副词off的意思是“离开”。答案：A13A.birthday BcelebrationCconference Dceremony解析：聚会是发生在生日那天的一个活动，显然可以称为一次“庆祝会”。其他选项中，birthday生日；conference会议；ceremony典礼，显然都不能表达为Thelma举办生日聚会的情景。答案：B14A.stood BliftedCraised Drose解析：rise用作不及物动词，意思是“起身”。rise from her seat 意思是“从她的座位上站起来”。而lift，raise都是及物动词，stand表示“站起”时要和up连用。答案：D15A.wandered BwalkedCrushed Dcrashed解析：rush意思是“奔/冲过去”。由上文可知，她对这位先生一见钟情，整个晚上她的眼睛一直没有离开过他，一直盼望着聚会结束和他聊聊，所以聚会一结束她就冲过去。本空与前面的quickly相对应，表达出迫切的心情。答案：C16A.inform BtellCforgive Dremind解析：联系后文可知，Thelma因为盯了那位先生一晚上而向他道歉。答案：C17A.uncomfortable BunusualCunbearable Dunfortunate解析：很显然，长时间被人盯着的感觉应该是不舒服的，因此用uncomfortable。答案：A18A.seat BwayCposition Dlocation解析：我只是忍不住向您这边看。way表达“方向”。答案：B19A.and BhoweverCso Dbut解析：冒昧问一下，那你已经结过几次婚了？but在这里用来引入新话题。答案：D20A.went through Bmet withCcame across Dturned up解析：这里要表达Thelma脸上带着微笑。come across意为“偶然遇见，碰上”。答案：C.阅读理解(2011潍坊教学质检)SydneyA shark savaged a schoolboys leg while he was surfing with his father at a beach in Sydney on February 23.It was the third shark attack along the coast of Australias largest city in a month. The 15yearold boy and his father were in the water off Avalon，on Sydneys northern beaches，around dawn when he was attacked.The citys beaches are packed with locals and tourists during the summer months.“The father heard a scream and turned to see his son thrashing(激烈扭动) about in the water，”police said.“Fortunately，the shark swam away and the boy was helped to the shore by his father.”Lifesaving Club spokesman Nick Miller said，“It got him around the top of his left leg and the father came and dragged him out of water.”He said the boy was bleeding heavily when he was brought to the shore.“There was a lot of pain，as you can imagine.”The teenager was airlifted to hospital for treatment for leg injuries.Police said the bites“cut through to the bone”，but the boy did not appear to have sustained any fractures(骨折)He was in a stable condition now.Several beaches were closed after the attack.Water police and lifeguards were searching for the shark，while police hoped to identify its species by the shape of the bite marks.But they said it was too early to say what type of shark attacked the boy.“I dont even know if he saw it，”Miller said.Many shark species live in the waters off Sydneys beaches，but attacks on humans are still relatively rare.However，there were two attacks on successive days earlier this month，one on a navy diver in Sydney harbor，not far from the famous Opera House，and the other on a surfer at the citys worldfamous Bondi beach.Fishermen say shark numbers are on the rise.There is a ban on commercial fishing in the harbor，which has increased fish stocks.Marine experts also claim environmental protection has created a cleaner environment，attracting sharks closer to the shore as they chase fish.Many shark species，including the Great Whitethe maneaters made famous in Steven Spielbergs Jawsare protected in Australian waters.语篇解读：本文是一则新闻，一个男孩在悉尼的一个海湾冲浪时遭到鲨鱼攻击，这已是本月第三次鲨鱼袭击人的事件了。此地禁渔令的实施以及环境的改善使得鱼的数量上升，鲨鱼在捕食过程中也越来越多地随着它的“食物”靠近海岸。1The report mainly tells us _.Ashark attacks on humans are on the riseBsharks attacked humans three times in one monthCa boy was attacked by a shark at a Sydney beachDshark numbers are increasing in the waters off Sydneys beaches解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段是主题段，特别是从文章第一段第一句“A shark savaged a schoolboys leg while he was surfing with his father at a beach in Sydney on February 23”可知答案。答案：C2The underlined word“savaged”in the first paragraph probably means “_”Aattract