一战 summary.docx

World War Cause of the world war one ( The Great War)A. Alliancesa) Triple Alliance-Germany Austria-Hungary Italyb) Triple Entente-France Russia Britainc) Allies-Britain France Russiad) Balance of power-Have armory race e) Central power-Germany & Austria-HungaryB. Nationalism-Whatever your country does id great (loyalty toward ones own country & culture as result, dont like other countries)C. Militarism-Nationalism + Imperialism=Militarism (Fix issues with your armies)D. Imperialism-Wanting to control the wordOn June 28 1914, the Archduke of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Franz Ferdinand was shot and killed by Gavrile Princip who belonged to a group in Siberia named Black Hand.Assassinateto kill an important leader Reasons for Canada automatically at warA. Britain still controlled the foreign policy of its dominion-English-Canadians reaction to the declaration of warB. Patriotic support-More than 30,000 volunteers to go to Canadian troops Reason of young men signed the warA. -Thought it would be a short warB. -exiting adventureC. -become heroesD. -had no jobsE. -patriotic support for mother land The racism reflect in the troopsA. Initially no aboriginals should joinB. African and Japanese Canadian were take slowlyw Sam Hughes (Minister if militaries) charge the troops of Canada Reason for Sam Hughes was dismissed from his ministerial positionA. Poor administratorB. Ross Rifle-many weapon were produced at poor qualityC. Profiteer-gave large contracts to his friendsD. Couldnt produce weapons and bullets as fast as troops need Benefit for Canadian economy during the warLots of exports (Sell weapons)-Economic boom Reason for having no benefits of workersA. Price of goods goes up (Inflation)B. Wages stay the sameAfter the war, Canadian economy declined and their post-war economy drops soonCanada used bonds, taxes, and loads (borrow money from USA) War BondsAsked people to buy bonds from the government and the government would then give a 5% rate of return when the bond matured. Recover LossesA. Taxesa) Income Tax - temporary b) Percentage of income based on how much you make.c) Taxes placed on tea, coffee, telegrams, liquor, etc.B. DonationsMany donations were made to the Red Cross and the Red Cross of Canada. Major Events on the HomefrontA. Halifax Explosiona) 9:04 am December 6, 1917b) The Mont Blanc (2500 tons of explosives) and the Imo (fuel) collide and a fire startsc) Most Halifax was destroyedB. Changing Role of Womena) Without women, Canadas war economy would have collapsed.b) The war led to an increased call for suffrage (the right to vote). Conscription Crisisc) Women changed their role during the ward) Do mens job-laboure) Suffrage-the rights to voteC. Conscription Crisisa) The forced enlistment (lawful) of a nations soldiers into the armed forces.b) All sides were running out of soldiersc) Bordens Military Services Act1. Makes enlistment mandatory for all men 18-452. Exemptions to several groups including conscientious objectors (people who opposed fighting on moral or religious grounds)3. Many French Canadians were against conscription especially Henri Bourassa.D. Enemy AliensE. War Measures Acta) Habeas Corpus: The right of a person under arrest to be brought before the judge to determine the lawfulness of the arrest was suspended. Police had the power to detain people without laying charges.b) Internment Camp: Government-run camps where people who considered a threat are detained.Last One Hundred Days Two important events that changed the outcome of the war1. Czar Nichols of Russia was forced to change to a provisional Russian government (stop the war)2. USA entered the war by sinking of neutral ships and passengers liners “Lusitania”Also, Germany was war-weary (tired of war), short on food, troops, and weaponsLudendorf ,“Black day for the German Army” Last CasualtyAt 10:58am, Nov. 11, 1918 Private George Lawrence Price was killed by a snipers bullet. He was the last Canadian killed on the battlefields of the Great War. The Armistice SignedA. At 11:00am on the 11th of November 1918, the Armistice was signed in a railcar in Versailles France.B. The Armistice was only a cease-firethe peace treaty would take many months of negotiation before it would be completed. Paris Peace ConferenceA. 3 dominant powers: USA, Britain, and FranceB. Soviet Russia was not invitedC. Germany came but was not allowed to participateD. All other countries were observersE. Create Treaty of Versailles and League of Nation Treaty of Versailles1919A. Terms were imposed on Germany as punishment for “starting the war”B. Britain wanted Germany to dismantle its navy and give up its coloniesC. France and Belgium wanted Germany to pay the cost re-build countryEffect: reparation crippled Germanys economy and helped create the resentment and economic instability that later allowed for the rise of the Nazis and the start of World Warin 1939 Result of the ConferenceA. Neither destroyed Germany nor welcomed her into post-war EuropeB. Harsh enough to anger Germany but not harsh enough to destroy its ability to wage war.C. For France it was not harsh enough, Britain to harsh and US did not get their 14 points widely accepted.League of Nation supposed to stop the future conflict by collective securitySanctionpunishment, economic sanction Reason for League of Nation failed1. No armies2. USA refused to join in After war, the Spanish flu (Virus in influenza) was