英语四级听力常用单词.docx

教育学习类algebra 代数 amphitheatre 阶梯教室anthropology 人类学architecture 建筑学assembly hall 礼堂assistant 助教astronomy 天文学atomic energy 原子能学auditor 旁听生beginning of term 开学biochemistry 生物化学biology 生物board of examiners 考试团boarding school 供膳宿的学校botany 植物business administration 工商治理chemistry 化学civil engineering 土木工程commercial science 商学competitive examination 答辩考试convocation notice 考试通知course (of study) 学业crib/trot 夹带culture 文化curriculum 课程day school 走读学校day student走读生dean 教务长degree 学位deputy headmaster/deputy head 副校长dictation 听写dictionary 词典diplomacy 外交discipline 纪律doctor 博士doctorate 博士学位economics 经济学education 教育encyclopedia 百科全书engineering 工程学enroll/tp enroll 予以注册oral/written examination 口试/笔试examiner 考试者exercise 练习faculty 系;全体教员fall an examination 未通过考试failure 未考好finance 财政学foreign language 外文General Certificate of Education/high school diploma中学毕业证书geography 地理geometry 几何graduate 毕业生/毕业scholarship/fellowship 奖学金gymnastics 体育hall of residence 学校公寓headmaster/ headmistress校长headmasters office 校长办公室high school/secondary school 专科学校higher education 高等教育infant school 幼儿学校journalism 新闻学kindergarten 幼儿园laboratory assistant/lab assistant 实验员learn by heart 记住，把握生活abolish 废止，取消alley 胡同ancestry 祖先，先辈application(for a job) 求职avenue (美)大街bazaar 市场birthrate 出生率block 街区boulevard 林荫大道capital 首都cathedral 大教堂church 教堂clause 条款commercial vehicle 商用车deathrate 死亡率demography 人口统计department stores 百货公司dining car 餐车dismissal 开除,解雇district 区double decker bus 双层公共汽车draft 法案，草案 express train 快车extended family 大家庭extension 范围，扩展family tree 家谱flat 居住单元，套房freight train 货运车gross wages 全部收入high street 大街，主要街道hydrant 消火栓immunity 豁免，豁免权inhabitants 居民junk shop 旧货店lease 租约legislation 立法lighting 照明limited express 特快locality 所在地metropolis 大都市minutes 备忘录monument 纪念碑movables 动产municipality 市政当局net/real wages 实际收入newsstand 报摊nuclear family 核心家庭occupational disease 职业病offender 罪犯old-age pension 退休金，养老金origin 出身outskirts 郊区overtime 超时，加班passenger train 客运车pavement/sidewalk人行道，便道pedestrian 行人private car 私人汽车race/breed 种族real estate 不动产residential area 居民区，住宅区revocation 撤销round-trip ticket 往返票rush hour 高峰时间sanction 制裁shift work 换班工作 dustbin/trash can/garbage can 垃圾箱express train 快车extended family 大家庭extension 范围，扩展family tree 家谱flat 居住单元，套房freight train 货运车gross wages 全部收入high street 大街，主要街道hydrant 消火栓immunity 豁免，豁免权inhabitants 居民junk shop 旧货店lease 租约legislation 立法lighting 照明limited express 特快locality 所在地metropolis 大都市minutes 备忘录monument 纪念碑movables 动产municipality 市政当局net/real wages 实际收入newsstand 报摊nuclear family 核心家庭occupational disease 职业病offender 罪犯old-age pension 退休金，养老金origin 出身outskirts 郊区overtime 超时，加班passenger train 客运车pavement/sidewalk人行道，便道pedestrian 行人private car 私人汽车race/breed 种族real estate 不动产residential area 居民区，住宅区revocation 撤销round-trip ticket 往返票rush hour 高峰时间sanction 制裁shift work 换班工作 经济accumulated deficit 累计赤字across-the-board tariff cut talks 全面削减关税会谈active trade balance 贸易顺差adverse trade balance 贸易逆差African Development Bank/AFDB 非洲开发银行aid 援助allocation of funds 资金分配allotment 拨款allowance/grant/subsidy 补贴，补助金，津贴American Selling Price 美国销售价格amortization 摊销，摊还，分期偿付annuity 年金article 物品，商品assigned 过户autarchy 闭关自守available capital 可用资产average income 平均收入balance of trade 交易平衡bank 银行banknote/note/bill 钞票，纸币bear 卖空者，空头bearer cheque无记名支票bond债券borrower 借方，借款人borrowing 借款break 暴跌broker 经济人buffer fund 缓冲基金，平准基金bull 买空者，多头business recession 经济衰退business slump 生意萧条by-product 副产品capital flight 资本外逃capital goods 资本货物capitalist economy 资本主义经济cartel 卡特尔cash 现金cash dividend 现金配股cash transaction 现金交易change 零钱cheque/check 支票chequebook 支票簿，支票本circulating capital/working capital 流动资本closing price 收盘collective economy 集体经济Committee of Twenty (Paris Club) 二十国委员会concentration 集中consolidated debt 合并债务consumer goods 消费品controlled economy 管制经济convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可自由兑换货币cost 成本，费用creditor 债权人crossed cheque 划线支票current account/checking account 经常账户current-account holder/checking-account holder 支票账户debtor 债务人，借方deficiency 亏损deflation 通货紧缩demand and supply balance 供求平衡depreciation 减价，贬值devaluation (货币)贬值developing 发展中的discount 贴现，折扣dividend 股息，红利doldrums 经济停滞domestic currency/local currency本国货币drawing 提款，提存dull 盘整dull market 萧条的市场duty 税earnings 利润，收益ease 松弛Economic and Social Council/ECOSOC 联合国经济及社会理事会economic balance 经济平衡economic channels 经济渠道Economic Commission for Africa/ECA 非洲经济委员会Economic Commission for Europe/ECE 欧洲经济委员会economic depression 经济衰退economic fluctuation 经济波动economic policy 经济政策economic recession 经济衰退economic recovery 经济复原economic sanction 财经制裁economic situation 经济形势economic stability 经济稳定economic takeoff 经济起飞economic trend 经济趋势economist 经济学家endorsement 背书;批注Eurogroup 欧洲集团European Economic Community/EEC/European Common Market 欧洲经济共同体exchange rate 汇率，兑换率excise tax 特许权税expenditure/outgoings 开支，支出fiscal year 财政年度fixed assets 固定资产fixed costs 固定成本floating debt 流动债务floating exchange rate 浮动汇率Food and Agricultural Organization/FAO 粮食与农业组织foreign exchange 外汇free exchange rates 自由汇兑市场frozen assets 冻结资产frozen capital 冻结资金funded debt 固定债务，长期债务gold reserve 黄金储备gold standard 金本位gross income/gross earnings 总收入，总收益Group of Ten 十国集团hard currency 硬通货hard times 低潮holding company 控股公司income gain 股利收入income tax 所得税income 收入，收益increase in value/appreciation 增值，升值infrastructure 基本建设initial capital 创办资本input 投入insurance 保险interest 利息International Finance Corporation/IFC 国际金融公司International Monetary Found/IMF 国际货币基金组织investment trust 投资信托investment 投资，资产investor 投资人issue 发行股票land tax 地租，地价税lender 债权人liberal economy 自由经济London Stock Market 伦敦股票市场long term loan 长期贷款manufactured goods/finished goods 制成品，产成品maturity 到期日，偿还日medium term loan 中期贷款mixed economy 混合经济money 货币mortgage 抵押National city Bank of New York 花旗银行national income 国民收入net income 纯收益，净收入，收益净额New York Stock Exchange/NYSE 纽约证券交易所opening price 开盘operating costs 生产费用，营业成本operating expenses 营业费用Organization for Economic cooperation and Development/DECD 经济合作与开发组织Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries/OPEC 石油输出国组织output 产出，产量overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支，间接成本overproduction 生产过剩par value 股面价格，票面价格petrodollar 石油美元planned economy 计划经济political economy 政治经济学preference stock 优先股price index 物价指数price-curbing policy 抑制物价政策primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分，私营部门producer 生产者，制造者productive/producing 生产的productiveness 赢利性productivity 生产率products/goods 产品profitability/profit earning capacity 利润率，赢利率protectionism 保护主义public sector 公共部门，公共成分purchasing power/buying power 购买力quotation 报价，牌价raising limit 涨停板rate of growth 增长rate of interest 利率raw material 原料raw product 初级产品ready money business/no credit given 现金交易，概不赊欠ready money 现钱real estate 不动产，房地产reciprocal trade agreement 互惠贸易政策redemption 偿还rediscount 再贴现reserve 预备金，储备金retailer 零售商revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀rural economics 农村经济saving 储装，存款scarcity 短缺securities business 证券市场securities 有价证券self-financing 自筹经费semifinished goods 半成品share/common stock 普通股share 股份，股票shareholder/stockholder 股东short term credit 短期信贷short term loan 短期贷款social charges 社会负担费用socialist economy 社会主义经济speculation 投机stagnation 停滞，萧条，不景气standard of living 生活标准stock company/stock brokerage firm 证券公司stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 股票市场stock investment 股票投资stock-jobber 股票经纪人supply 供给，补给自然active volcano 活火山agricultural products/farm products 农产品agricultural/commodities market 农业市场agronomist 农学家animal husbandry/animal breeding 畜牧业archipelago 群岛atlas 地图集basin 流域bay 海湾canal 运河cape 海角cattle farm 奶牛场clear 采伐climate 气候coast 海岸collective farm 集体农场continent 大陆cooperative farm 合作农场cosmography 宇宙志cosmology 宇宙论country/countryside 农村cove 湾cultivate/farm 耕作current/watercourse 水流delta 三角洲desert 沙漠dry soil 旱田dune 沙丘earth/globe 地壳Earth 地球，大地equator 赤道ethnography 民族志fallow 休耕地farm 农场farming/husbandry 农业fertile soil 沃土foodstuffs 食品fruit grower 果农geology 地理学geopolitics 地理政治论glacial zone 寒带globe 地球仪grassland 草地gulf 海湾height above sea level 海拔高度high plateau 高原high seas/open sea 公海horticulture 园艺ice floe 冰川iceberg 冰山inlet 小湾insecticide 杀虫剂irrigable land 水浇地island 岛key 暗礁land/soil 土壤latitude 纬度lava 熔岩lean soil/poor soil 贫瘠土壤livestock 牲畜locust 蝗虫longitude 经度low water 最低水位map/plan/chart 平面图market gardening 商品蔬菜种植业marsh/swamp 沼泽meadow 草甸mechanization of farming 农业机械化mechanized farming 机械化耕作meridian 子午线，经线meteorology 气象学mouth河口North pole 北极northern 北的oasis 绿洲ocean 大洋oceanography 海洋学parallel 纬线parasite 寄生虫pasture land 牧场peninsula 半岛pest 农业害虫pesticide 农药physical geography 自然地理plain 平原plot/parcel/lot 地块polar circle 极圈pond 池塘port/harbour 港prairie 大草原producer 农业工人ranch 大农场/牧场rancher 牧场主reef 礁石relief 地形，地貌rural exodus 农村迁徙rural population 农村人口seaquake 海震，海啸season 季节shepherd 牧人shore 海岸source 源头South pole 南极southern 南的straw/hay 麦秆temperate zone 温带termite 白蚁terra firma 陆地tilled land 耕地torrid zone 热带transplant移植Tropic of Cancer 北回归线Tropic of Capricorn 南回归线the universe/the cosmos 宇宙vegetation 植被virgin forest 原始森林wasteland/barren land 荒地weed killer除草剂weed 除草科技academy sciences 科学院anemia贫血antenna 天线apparatus 设备appendicitis 阑尾炎Ares rockets战神火箭arthritis 关节炎artificial satellite 人造卫星astronaut 航天员attack发作Ballistic Missile 弹道导弹bandage 绷带body 机身carbon dioxide二氧化碳case 病例clearinghouse信息交换所Constellation Program星座计划contagion 传染deforestation砍伐森林diabetes 糖尿病diagnosis 诊断diphtheria 白喉radio telescope 电波望远镜，射电望远镜epidemic 流行病fever 发热filter 滤管hatch 舱口Heart Bypass Surgery 心脏搭桥手术HIV/Human Immunodeficiency Virus人类免疫缺陷病毒hygiene 卫生ICANN/The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers互联网名称与数字地址分配机构incubation 潜伏influenza/flu 流感insanity 精神病laboratory appliance 试验用具launch pad 发射台leukemia 白血病lunar module 登月舱malaria 疟疾malnutrition 营养不良manned载人的maser微波激射器methane甲烷milestone 里程碑，转折点multistage rocket 多级火箭Naro Space Center 罗老航天中心(韩国)NASA/National Aeronautics and Space Administration 美国国家航空航天局navigate导航navigation light 航行灯neurasthenia 神经衰弱neurologist 神经专家nose 机头orbit 轨道Orbiting Carbon Observatory 轨道碳观测卫星orb星球parachute 降落伞paralysis 麻痹pilots cockpit 驾驶舱plaster 石膏pneumonia 肺炎Preset Orbit 预定轨道radio navigation device 无线电导航设备rendezvous会合(点)respiration呼吸rheumatism 风湿病rover漫游器scrub取消solar cell 太阳电池solar-paneled太阳电池板的space shuttle discovery 航天飞机“发现”号space suit 航天服spacecraft 航天器spectrograph摄谱仪supersonic 超音速surgeon 外科医师surgery 外科symptom 症状tailpipe (车辆等的)排气管test tube 试管Altair lunar landing craft 牵牛星登月车Internatio