英语作文中的否定结构.docx

作文中的否定结构1、 含有否定意义的词汇和短语。1) 介词A. against have a bias against 对有反感 make against 有害；不利于(可以用来替代do harm to)l Smoking makes against your health. tell against 对不利l Your bad skin will tell against you if you want to be an actress.B. beyond beyond a doubt 毫不怀疑l That will put the matter beyond a doubt. be beyond calculation/estimate=incalculable 无法估量的 beyond conception(可以用来形容某件事情惊奇，超出想象) beyond expression/description 无法描写/表达C. except be except sb. from + n(blame/hurt/pain) 使某人免受D. without2) 形容词和动词A. absent absent expression 茫然的表情 absent from home 不在家 absent in ones mind 心不在焉B. deny deny oneself = give up deny oneself to sb. 拒绝见某人C. differl They differ widely in their opinions.l Our ideologies differ.(ideology 思想)l Although our looks differ, we are both attractive.l We differ about/on/over moral standards. differ from individual to individual 因人而异l Conceptions differ from individual to individual. differ considerably 相当大的不同differ radically 极不一致differ appreciably 明显不同D. fail fail sb. 使某人感到失望；辜负某人；抛弃某人 fail to do 不能做某事；无法做到某事=fail in doingl He tried to pull out the burning fuse, but failed (to do). without fail 一定；必定l Ill write to my parents every month without fail. fail in health 健康衰退E. freel The hill is completely free from the trees. 这个山丘上一棵树也没有。l He is free from any sense of responsibility. 他丝毫没有责任感。l She is making a desperate bid to free herself from a loveless marriage. 她正做出不顾一切的努力去摆脱她那段没有爱情的婚姻。l Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension. 放松运动可以缓解身体的紧张。 free aid 慷慨的援助 free from 没有的；不受影响的l They are trying to free the world from the threat of war. free of 免于的；没有的；在之外；使摆脱(=unhampered无障碍的)l free of charge free sth. from sth. 使摆脱（可以是某些麻烦 debt; financial anxiety）F. ignore (ignore sth. 可以用来解释为“不顾去做”G. missmiss sth.(n.) 意为没能做 如miss classes(没能上课)；miss an appointment(没能赴约)；miss attendance(没能出席)H. reluctant 不情愿的(可用来替代unwilling) be reluctant to do sth. 不想去做某事I. lack lack in (v.) by lack of = for lack of= through lack of 因缺乏 be lack of l Lack of sun retards plant growth.(retards 使变慢) show a lack of sth. 表现出不足l Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgement.3) 短语A. keepfrom l Hearing the words, he couldnt keep from laughing. 听了这话，他不由得笑了起来。l I horse around quite a lot, just to keep from getting bored. 我胡闹了一阵儿，只是为了摆脱厌烦。l I hope you will keep from doing anything rash. 我希望你不要做出任何鲁莽的事情来。B. let alone 更不用说l I cant speak English, let alone French or German. 我不会说英语，更别提法语或德语了。l It is not playing by Hama rules, let alone committing gencocide. 这并不是按哈马规则行事的，更别提进行种族灭绝了。C. in vain 徒劳的，白白浪费的D. rather thanE. by no meansl Ill forgive you this time, but you shall by no means make the mistake again. 我这次就原谅你，你可不许再犯错误。l By no means was he able to handle it. 这件事他绝对没有办法解决。l It is by no means easy to satisfy everyone. 要满足别人的需求一点也不简单。l This is by no means