宜昌简介英文版.doc

1、brief introduction of YichangYichang is a 8,000-year-old city on Yangtze River，at the entrance of Xilin Gorge (east mouth of the Three Gorges), and south-west of Hubei province . This area is also famous for its wonderful landscapes: the Three Gorges, Shen Nongjia, Qingjiang River, Qu Yuan, Wang Zhaojuns hometown, the ancient battlefields of the Three Kingdoms,.It is also famous for the hydroelectric projects that have been realized here: the Three Gorges Dam Project (Sanxia Daba) is the world greatest hydroelectric dam. It spans Yangtze River at Sandouping, Yichang. The construction began in 1994 and the reservoir began filling in June 2003. It aims at regulating the water flow, easing navigation on Yangtze, and generating power. the Gezhouba Water Conservancy Project the Geheyan Hydropower PlantLocation:entrance of Xilin Gorge (east mouth of the Three Gorges)Near provinces:Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Henan provincesPhysical Features:mountains in the west, lower in the eastPopulation:3.92 millionUrban Population:2.63 millionArea:21,084 sq kmNationalities:Han, Hui, Manchu, Miao, Tujia and MongolianHistory:with more than 7,000 or 8,000 years of history; called as the throat of Chuan (namely Sichuan province) and E (namely Hubei province); in the Xia and Shang dynasties, used to be the ancient lands of Jingzhou; in Spring and Autumn Period, as well as Warring States, cortrolled by the Chu State, being called the west frontier fortress of Chu in history; one of the cradles of Chu Culture; called Xiling in remote antiquity; also known as Yiling for the Yishan Mountain in the northwest, Xiazhou for guarding the Three GorgesTourism:the world famous Yangtze Three Gorges scenic zone covers abundant natural scenery as well as the culture and civilization of CHU, which were prosperous during the Warring States Period, l700 years ago. The foreign students may spend their vacations traveling across China by boat, train, bus or airplane from Yichang. More specific information may be obtained form the Department of International Relations.Climatic Features:in subtropical humid monsoonal climate zone, four seasons clearly demarcated; unstable cloudy and sunny periods in springs; with humid and hot summers; fine autumns; dry cold winters; with frost free period of 220- 300 days.Average Temperature: annual average temperature of 16CRainfall: annual even precipitation 1,100 mm; concentrated on June, July and August, as well as in spring.Geography:Mountains: Mt. Dashengnongjia (with the highest peak of 3053 m), Mt. Wushan (with average height of 700-800m), Mt. Mingfeng, Mt. Guanmiao, Mt. Qingshan, Mt. XilingRivers: Huangbaihe River, Qingjiang River, Juzhanghe River, Yuyanghe River, Jingjiang River and Xiangxi River2、Objects and targetsWhat is Model Cities for Environmental Protection?Standard of Model Cities for Environmental Protection:strong, prosperous, democratic, and culturally advanced modern city;proper use of valuable resources such as fresh water, farmland and energy in accordance with the law;virtuous circle of ecology；full and healthy infrastructure；well served with public transportpleasant and convenient living surroundings;now 60 cities have already got the title of Model Cities for Environmental Protection.For buiding a well-off society in an around way and a world-famous city for Hydropower and tourism，promoting a sustained、rapid and sound development of the economy、society and environment，Yichang city began the establishment of Model Cities for Environmental Protection since 2004.3、adopted effective Actions and measures“blue sky” projectenvironmental protection bureau scientifically calculates the air environmental capacity of the city through systems analysis and A-P value method, brings forward the target-control amount of pollutant discharge which is humanism oriented and meets the need of urban construction and economic social development, and distributes rational amount to each source.restructuring energy consumption structure and Popularizing Clean energy。city government office decided to abandon coal burning boilers in the central District step by step .untill now 23 coal burning boiler have already been demolished.And the discharge of sulfur dioxide will be decreased by 7000 ton per year and soot 1500 ton,when all the coal burning boilers in the central District are abandoned in the next few years .the use of Clean energy ,such as natural gas ,is encouraged .now urban area has already owned 300km natural gas pipe,and most families has already use natural gas instead of coal as fuel to cook the meals.Enhancing treatment of vehicle emissions.we build compress natural gas station in the urban area with rational layout.and from now on all buses and taxis newly bought are required to fix dual-fuel engine which can both burn natural gas and oil. motor vehicles which are already in the service will be changed to dual-fuel motor vehicle step by step.meanwhile we widely popularize the highly efficient vehicle emissions processing unit such as three unique catalytic converter.Enhancing environmental pollution treatment on industrial waste gas pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and soot , strictly controlling the total amount of the discharge of industrial waste gas pollutants.Enhancing the control of dust come from construction plants、raw material bings.as to building operations 、house breaking and municipal works, we use bounding wall and sprinkling to dust density.Purling.main streets all use mechanized wet scavenging machine.“clear water” projectImplementing sewage total amount control and sewage discharge permit.Implementing comprehensive improvement of the Water Environmentmain of drainage area in the urban,such as main stream of Yangtze River、bolin river、huangbo river.and building green belt along the rivers.Chang existing Urban combined drainage system to a rain-sewage separate system.Now in the Urban area there is only one water treatment plant, which works with total capacity of about thirty thousand cubic meters per day. and we are building another five water treatment plants. when these five water treatment plants are completed next year, the total capacity of sewage disposal in central district will be 283.000 cubic meters per day and centralized processing ratio of waste water will be more than 70%.List of water treatment plants (both built and abuilding)in central districtProject NameCapacity(ten thousand cubic meter per day)amount of investment (wanyuan RMB)construction progressTime to completeYiling water treatment plant3 7800已建2003Shahe water treatment plant3 7519built2005Taipinxi water treatment plant1.1 2803abuilding2005Xilingshan water treatment plant0.4 1000abuilding2006dijiabawater treatment plant0.8 2149abuilding2006linjiangxiwater treatment plant20 32681.7abuilding2006rational use of water resources and developing water-saving industry. Popularizing industrial and municipal water-saving methods, limiting and forbidding the use of water-eating marine products.we place great emphasis on environment protection of water conservation district.as to water conservation district, pesticide is forbidden,and all the factories will be removed away.“ quiet living ” project Scientifically planning the development and arrangement of Yichang city and reasonably regionalizing acoustical environment so that making all classes of areas such as residential area、administrative area and noise sources relatively divided establishing effective management system of noise pollution，strenthening integrated managementcomprehensive treatment of noise pollution by Administrative and relative law-enforcing departments such as environmental protection bureau and municipal public security bureau Controlling strictly traffic noise.，enhencing management of traffic noise, building special zone in the central district where the Use of Horn is Prohibited. meanwhile using blacktop as much as possible when building new roads and rebuilding roads.increasing the management ability on prevention and control of noise pollution by choosing “quiet residential quarter”through public appraisal.enhencing management on building operations noiseenhencing management on industrial noise “Solid waste disposal”project(一)Strengthen the technology on domestic garbages separate collection and packaged collection. and trying to minimize the Quantity of solid wastes and turn solid wastes into reusable resources and then use them in productions; it includes two stages: from solid wastes to raw materials, and from raw materials to products.(二)quicken the building of environmental infrastructure on Solid waste treatment and disposalas to domestic garbage , now in the urban area there are 128 special transport vehicles to collect and carry them、25 Sub-stations for temporary store and 4 Municipal Domestic Sanitary refuse landfills for final disposal.And anther two Sanitary Landfills of Municipal Domestic Refuse are planned to be builit in the next few years.Hazardous wastes(includeing Medical Wastes and hazardous industrial Wastes) now the Hazardous wastes disposal center of the yichang city is being built and expected to be completed before 2007.The center, which is established according to National Construction Planning for Hazardous Wastes and Medical Wastes Disposal Facilities, can serve 20 years and dispose 7300 ton hazardous wastes per year.This center can safely dispose various solid wastes produced by enterprises and hospitals in the city and therefore no solid waste would be discharged to do harm to our envoinment.Prevention and treatment of industrial pollutionFirstly, enhancing Prevention and treatment of key industrial pollution sources .Secondly, encouraging industrial enterprises to adjust manufacturing technique and pollution control methods.Thirdly, as to industrial enterprises whose pollutant discharge concentrations meet the discharge standard but pollutant discharge amount is too high , implementing clean production to reduce the pollutant discharge amount furtherly.fourthly, developing recycling industries and taking a new road to industrialization to practically change economic growth pattern.“Social Cell”projectEnvironmental propaganda：publicizing knowledge and importance of Environmental protection In many or multiple ways, such as lectures、civic handbook、photo exhibition、solicit articles. and making full use of TV station、broadcasting station、newspaper to report both good deeds and illegal activities relevant to environment. And by and by people begin to realize the importance of Environmental protection and protect their own surrounding environment voluntarily.environmental education: by establishing“green school” and using uniform teaching material, now popularizing rate of environmental education in primary schools and middle schools is more than 85%.Beside propaganda and education , the government try its best to resolve hot point problems and difficult point problems concerned by Citizens.now more than 85% local residents of yichang city are satisfied with their living environment.enhancing the ability of environment protection organizationbuilding environmental emergency monitoring center, purchasing emergency monitoring facilities, establishing an efficient system to deal with environmental emergency, such as contamination accident.there is a environmental emergency monitoring station in three-gorges reservoir area, whose function is to monitor water quality regularly, report the results to State Environmental Protection Administration and make sure its safety.building environmental monitoring organizations. Yichang environmental monitoring station is one of the best stations in hubei province.Now there are one first-grade environmental monitoring station 、nine second-grade stations and three air automonitor stations 、one water automonitor station.establish remote online monitoring system to the whole key sources in the city. now we has already installed more than 30 remote online monitoring equipments, and the monitored results can be sent to yichang environmental protection bureau in a synchronous and real-time way.environment protection of three-gorges reservoir areaafter the three-gorges dam being built , the Yangtse Rive is more like a huge lake ,so that both flow speed and water environmental capacity of the river becomes smaller than before.So that the following actions are taken to maintain its good environment:（1）taking actions that suit local circumstances to quicken the building of sewage treatment plants for towns along the Yangtse Rive.（2）enhencing solid waster disposal and the work on clear off floating material (3) enhancing Industrial pollution treatment(4) enhancing treatment on mobile pollution source, such as cargo ships and tank ships（5）preserve the ecological environmentcontrolling water loss and soil erosion and implementing “wild wood protection project” 、“grain for green project”and “water and soil conservation project”Protecting peculiar species diversity of three-gorges reservoir area. for this, a gene bank has been built to save such threatened plants and animals.Developing ecological agriculture, reducing the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides.四、宜昌市环境质量概况（一）环境空气The daily average concentration of SO2 in central zone of Yichang City in 2005 is 48 gamma per cubic meter, which is lower than the year before by 74 gamma per cubic meter.The daily average concentration of NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) in central zone of Yichang City in 2005 is 39 gamma per cubic meter, which is lower than the year before by 8 gamma per cubic meter.The daily average concentration of floating dust in central zone of Yich