高级英语第三版2,张汉熙主编,Paraphrase.docx

Unit 2 Marrakech 1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. The burying-ground is just a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned construction site. 2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals. 3. They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name, and nobody notices that they are dead. 4. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making. 5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited. 6. every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford. 7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. However, a white -skinned European is always quite noticeable. 8. In a tropical landscape ones eye takes in everything except the human beings. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings. 9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas. 10. for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil. Life is very hard for ninety percent of the people. With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil 11She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community, that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal 12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. People with brown skins are almost invisible 13Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms The Senegalese soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies 14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction? How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack the colonialist rulers? 15Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. Every white man, had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mindUnit31. And yet the same revolutionary belief for which our forebears fought is still at issue around the globe. Our ancestors fought a revolutionary war to maintain that all men were created equal and God had given them certain unalienable rights which no state or ruler could take away from them. But today this issue has not yet been decided in many countries around the world. 2. This much we pledgeand more. 2. This much we promise to do and we promise to do more. 3. 3. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. United and working together we can accomplish a lot of things in a great number of joint undertakings. 4. our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace The UN is our last and best hope of survival in an age where the instruments of war have far surpassed the instruments of peace. 5. to enlarge the area in which its writ may run. We pledge to help the United Nations enlarge the area in which its authority and mandate would continue to be in effect or in force. 6. before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction. Before the terrible forces of destruction, which atomic bombs can now release, wipe out mankind, which may be planned or brought about by an accident. 7. yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankinds final war. Yet both groups of nations are trying to change as quickly as possible this uncertain balance of terrible military power which restrains each group from launching mankinds final war. 8. So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, So let us start once again and let us remember that being polite is not a sign of weakness. 9. Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Let both sides try to call forth the wonderful things that science can do for mankind instead of the frightful things it can do. 10. each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. Americans of every generation have been called upon to prove their loyalty to their country . 11. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, Let history finally judge whether we have done our task welt or not, but our sure reward will be a good con-science for we will have worked sincerely and to the best of our ability. Let us lead the country we love , knowing our sure reward will be a good conscience and history will finally judge whether we have done our task well or not. Unit51. The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle aged. At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly. 2.The rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable. In any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement. 3. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure. 4it was tempted, in America at least, to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication In America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. They pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily. 5.Prohibition afforded the young the additional opportunity of making their pleasures illicit, The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure. 6our young men began to enlist under foreign flags. Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war. 7they “wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up”. The young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad-venture before the whole war ended. 8.they had outgrown towns and families These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families. 9the returning veteran also had to facethe hypocritical do-goodism of Prohibition, The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people. 10. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to “give” Something in the youth of America, who were already very tense, had to break down. 11it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and “Puritanical” gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center It was only natural that hopeful young writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, Babbitry, and Puritanical gentility, should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic centre. 12. Each town had its ”fast” set which prided itself on its unconventionality, Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives.Unit8 1. .below the noisy arguments , the abuse and the quarrels , there is a reservoir of instinctive fellow-feeling. The English people may hotly argue and abuse and quarrel with each other , but there still exists a lot of natural sympathetic feelings for each other in their hearts. 2. .at heart they would like to take a whip to the whole idle troublesome mob of them. What the wealthy employers would really like to do is to whip all the workers whom they regard as lazy and troublesome. 3. .there are not many of these men , either on the board or the shop floor. There are not many snarling shop stewards in the workshop,nor are there many cruel wealthy employers on the board of directors. 4. It demands bigness ,and they are suspicious of bigness. The contemporary world demands that everything should be done on a big scale and the English do not trust bigness. 5. Against this , at least superficially ,Englishness seems a poor shadowy show. At least on the surface ,when Englishness is put against the power and success of Admass , Englishness seems to put up a rather poor performance. 6. .while Englishness is not hostile to change,it is deeply suspicious of change for changes sake. Englishness is not against change, but it believes that changing just for changes sake and not other useful purposes is very wrong and harmful. 7. To put cars and motorways before houses seems to Englishness a communal imbecility. To regard cars and motorways as more important than houses seems to Englishness a public stupidity. 8. I must add that while Englishness can still fight on ,Admass could be winning. I must further say that while Englishness can go on fighting, there is a great possibility for Admass to win. 9. It must have some moral capital to draw upon,and soon it may be asking for an overdraft. Englishness draws its strength from a reservoir of strong moral and ethical principles ,and soon it may be asking for strength which this reservoir of principles cannot provide. 10. They probably believe ,as I do , that the Admass”Good Life” is a fraud on all counts. There people probably believe ,as I do,that the “Good Life”promised by Admass is false and dishonest in all respects. 11.he will not even find much satisfaction in this scrounging messy existence, which does nothing for a mans self-respect. He will not even find much satisfaction in this untidy and disordered life where he manages to live as a parasite by sponging on people. This kind of life does not help a person to build up any self-respect. 12.To them the House of Commons is a remote squabbling-shop. These people consider the House of Commons as a place rather far away from them where some people are always quarreling and arguing over some small matters. 13.heavy hands can fall on the shoulders that have been shrugging away politics. They were very wrong to ignore politics for they can now suddenly and for no reason be arrested and thrown into prison. Unit101. the fate of an American is complicated and hard to understand.2. They were as uneasy and uncomfortable in Europe as I was. 3. American writers, black and white, were both trying to find their own special individualities. 4. I dont think I could have accepted in America my black status without feeling ashamed. 5. It is easier in Europe for people of different social groups and occupations to intermingle and have social contact than in America. 6. In Europe a good waiter and a good actor are equally proud of their social status and functions in society. They are not jealous of each other and do not live in fear of losing their status. 7. I was born in New York but have lived only in some small areas of the city 8. This process of reconsidering many things that one had taken for granted in the past can be very painful (because you have to admit that some ideas you held were wrong), but is also very valuable and important. 9. The life of a writer really depends on accepting the fact that no matter where he goes or what he does he will always carry the marks of his origins. 10. American writers live in a mobile society where nothing is fixed so they do not have a fixed society to describe. 11. Every society is influenced and directed by unwritten laws, and by many things deeply felt and taken for granted by the people, though not openly spoken about.Unit7 1. With a clamor of bells that set the swallows soaring, the Festival of Summer came to the city Omelas. The loud ringing of the bells, which sent the frightened swallows flying high, marked the beginning of the Festival of Summer in Omelas. 2. .Their high calls rising like the swallows crossing flights over the music and singsing. The shouting of the children could be heard clearly above the music and singing like the calls of the swallows flying by overhead. 3. .Exercised their restive horses before the race. The riders were putting the horses through some exercises because the horses were eager to start and stubbornly resisting the control of the riders. 4. Given a description such as this one tends to make certain assumptions. After reading the above description the reader is likely to assume certain things. 5. This is the treason of artist: a refusal to admit the banality of evil and the terrible boredom of pain. An artist betrays his trust when he does not admit that evil is nothing fresh nor novel and pain is very dull and uninteresting. 6. They were nature, intelligent, passionate adults whose lives were not wretched. Th