初三英语专题-宾语从句.doc

初三专题-宾语从句1. 宾语从句的概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2. 宾语从句三注意1）语序： 陈述句语序（主谓语序） I dont know what they are looking for.Could you tell me when the train will leave?Can you imagine what kind of man he is?易错点： 主系表结构 （主系表结构中特殊疑问词本身就是主语） 如： 1. I want to know whats the matter with you. 2. Can you tell me whats wrong with you? 类似的还有： Whats up? 等 2） 引导词 (1) .从句为陈述句，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g.: She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2) 从句为一般疑问句或选择疑问句，用whether 或 if E.g.: I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei . If 和whether 用法的区别： 一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况只能用whether： 1） 前方有介词We are talking about whether well go on the picnic.2） 后有不定式 Please let me know what to do next.3）whetheror not 千万要一起： Could you tell me whether you go or not?练习： 1. I dont know _ he will come or not.2. It depends on _it will be a fine day.3. I dont know _ to go there at once.4. I will call the police _ I see the thief. 5. He could not decide _ he should tell Tom the news. A. if B. whether C. if or whether (注意if引导条件状语从句) （3）特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词E.g. Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you?3) 时态： 主句直接引语 间接引语时态变化1. The teacher asks Are you joking? 现在进行 asks askedIf we are joking.现在进行时If we were joking. 过去进行时2. The old man says says said I like Jay Chou. 一般现在时3. I want to know Want Wanted Where did you find your watch?一般过去时 4. Student A tells me tells toldI have finished my homework. 现在完成时5. I make a decision make madeI will go to the Century Park tomorrow. 一般将来时 Ten years ago, my teacher told meThe earth turns around the sun. Could you tell me What are you doing？ 时态小结： 主现， 从不变； 主过，从限过； 真理规律永一现4） 人称变化 ： 一随主 ，二随宾， 三不变“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.” Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?” HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。“三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid, “Jackisagoodboy.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词。 （引语直接变间接，人称变化莫忘记。）主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑 语序要用陈述句，切莫照搬疑问句 That 连接陈述句，一般问句用if(whether) 特殊问句作宾从，疑问词引导就能行.3. 宾语从句考查形式选择题：（排除法： 语序，时态，引导词） 1. He wanted to know _the English party. A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. . A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad句型转换： 1） 直接引语变间接引语：2） 两个简单句变宾从复合句3） 宾从复合句变简单句： 从句主语和主句主语或者间接宾语一致的时候，宾语从句可以变成 特殊疑问词+ to do 的结构： 如： a) I dont know which sweater I should buy. I dont know which sweater to buy.b) She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.c) Could you tell me how I can get to the park? Could you tell me how to get to the park? 1. Sherry asked , “Are you going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow?”（改为宾语从句） Sherry asked me _ I _ going to visit the Science Museum the next day.2. When will the truth of the missing flight MH370 come out? Many people wondered.(改为宾语从句) Many people wondered _ the truth of the missing flight MH370 _ come out.3. Could you tell me how I can work out the problem as soon as possible?(简单句) Could you tell me work out the problem as soon as possible?4. Tom asked Kitty, Are you preparing for your speech contest now?（合成宾语从句） Tom asked Kitty _ was preparing for her speech contest then.1.if/whether was 2.when would 3. How to 4.if/whether she 课堂练习: 一单项选择1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. . A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. . A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _. ? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school4. -Could you please tell me _. ? -Bus No.32 will take you right there. A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum5. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. . A. where they have been B. where are they C. where are they from D. where they have gone6. -Do you know _. the Capital Museum? -Next Friday. A. when will they visit B. when they will visit C. when did they visit D. when they visited7. He wanted to know _.the English party. A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have8. I want to know _. . A. when we should arrive at the airport B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at9. -David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _. ? -He is a doctor. A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is10. -Could you tell me _. ? He is wanted by the head teacher. -Sorry, Ive no idea. But he _ here just now. A. where Tim; was B. where is Tim; was C. where Tim is; was D. where Tim is; is11. -Did Mrs. King leave a message? -Yes. She wanted to know _ this Sunday. A. who you would go shopping B. if you would go shopping with her C. that you will go shopping D. when will you go shopping with her12. -Im a teenagers mother. Sometimes I dont know . -Love and understanding.A. what my son needs most B. what does my son want to get C. why my son gets annoyed very often D. why does my son get annoyed very often.13. -I wonder _ without water -About a week. A. how long man can live B. how long can man live C. when man can live D. when can man live14. Do you know what time _? A. does the train leave B. leaves the train C. the train leave D. the train leaves 15. - I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us? - He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where 二按要求改写句子中考链接1. Sherry asked , “Are you going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow?”（改为宾语从句） Sherry asked me _ I _ going to visit the Science Museum the next day.2. Could you tell me how I can work out the problem as soon as possible?(简单句) Could you tell me work out the problem as soon as possible?3. Does water cover most of the Earths surface? asked the boy. (改为宾语从句) The boy wanted to know water most of the Earths surface.5. When will the truth of the missing flight MH370 come out? Many people wondered.(改为宾语从句) Many people wondered _ the truth of the missing flight MH370 _ come out.6. My brother asked, Has Lin Dan won the game? (合并成宾语从句)My brother asked _Lin Dan _won the game.7. Does Dinna write to her parents every week? I want to know. (改为复合句)I want to know _ Dinna _ to her parents every week. 8. When will the next plane to Beijing take off?. Could you tell me? (合并成一句) Could you tell me _ the next plane to Beijing _ take off?.9. Dad asked me, “Do you feel worried about your future?” (改为宾语从句) Dad asked me _ _ felt worried about my future.10. The teacher asked us, “Do you like to keep pet dogs?” (合成宾语从句)The teacher asked us _ we _ to keep pet dogs.11. “Is the school library open at the weekends?” the visitor asked me. (改为宾语从句）The visitor asked us _ the school library _ open at the weekend?12. “ Can you tell me the way to the train station?” the man asked Sally.（改为宾语从句）The man asked Sally if tell him the way to the train station.13. He asked me, “ When will you go back to the hometown?” （合成宾语从句） He asked me _ I _ go back to the hometown. 14. Tom asked Kitty, Are you preparing for your speech contest now?（合成宾语从句） Tom asked Kitty she preparing for her speech contest then.15. “Why cant China win the football match?” Many Chinese wondered.(合并为宾语从句)Many Chinese wondered _ China _ win the football match.16. Where can I buy some postcards? the tourist wondered.（改为宾语从句） The tourist wondered he buy some postcards?17. “Have you finished reading the report?” the manager asked me. (合成宾语从句)The manager asked me _ I _ finished reading the report. 18. Will Emma arrive in Shanghai in two day? He kept asking me. (合并两句为一句) He kept asking me _ Emma _ arrive in Shanghai in two days. 19. “When did you wake up this morning?” asked Tom. (改为宾语从句) Tom wanted to know _ I _ up that morning.20. The director asked, “Do you want to be in the film?” (改为宾语从句)The director asked us whether _ _ to be in the film.课外练习：I. Complete the following passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次）：（共8分） A. the most B.feed C. Depend on D. Common E.the largest Rice is the most important food for people all over the world. According to a survey, rice helps _46_ one third of the worlds population. Rice grows well with enough water. People grow rice on flooded land and in the rain forests of Africa.Scientists say that China started growing rice about 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. Now, rice is_47_in peoples daily meals. Rice can be boiled, steamed or made into other snacks. It is also a popular food on festivals. People make New Year cakes with sticky rice (糯米) every Spring Festival.China has _48_population in the world. In order to feed more people, Chinesescientist Yuan Longping led the Super Rice program in 1996. Today half of Chinas rice plants areYuans Super Rice. The harvest of rice_49_many factors. Rice grows well between 18C to 35C. A goodrainfall also makes a great harvest. Farmers need to fertilize (施肥) the rice and be careful with insects. A. keeping in touch B. causes C.at least D. results E. traditional How many friends do you have on WeChat or SinaWeibo? Hundreds?Being counted as a real friend means meeting up_50_twice a month and calling ortexting each other for eight times over the same period. Whats more, friendships must last .forthree years before the two people can say they are best friends. The findings are the _51_ of a new study which looked at the impact of social media on offline friendships. These days, most people spend a lot of time _52_by social media, said a researcher.But our study shows that this alone does not make meaningful friendships, and most of us stillbelieve in the_53_values of friendship.What are good friends?Spending time together, being there for important life experiencesand doing thoughtful things such as giving presents on festivals are the things that really matter.II. Reading comprehension (阅读理解):A. Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案):Sweaty palms, shaking hands and a racing heart! This is what many students experience when they take a big test. When anxiety(焦虑) kicks in, students can completely lose concentration, leading to pool scores. But is there any solution to such stress?The key to reducing test anxiety is writing. According to a recent report in the journal Science, taking a few minutes before an exam to write about all those fears could help students perform better.The study was conducted by Professor Sian L. Beilock, from the University of Chicago, and his graduate student Gcrardo Ramirez.First, the researchers asked 20 college students to take a maths test to get a base-lined score. Next, they told the students that they could get a monetary award if they got a good score, and that they were being videotaped.Before beginning the main test, the researchers asked one group of students to spend 10 minutes writing down their anxieties about the test, while the other group sat quietly. Both groups then took the same exam.The researchers found that students who sat quietly did 12% worse than they had on the pre-test, and the ones who wrote about their anxieties improved their scores by 5%.Writing enables students to feel refreshed when facing challenging questions on the examination. However, experts also warn that such a change will not cause students to becomeany smarter. It can only make them become more relaxed and focused.69. According to the writer, when people feel anxious, they may.A) drink a lot of waterB) have a heart attackC) kick their feetD) lose concentration70.The best way to reduce test anxiety is.A) to sit quietlyB) to write about your fearsC) to cool your palmsD) to study hard71.The study was conducted by.A) Professor Sian L. Beilock aloneB) Professor Sian L. Beilock and his wifeC) Professor Sian L. Beilock and his graduate studentD) Professor Sian L. Beilock and his teammate72.From the experiment, we learn that.A) the two student groups took different testsB) they could earn money if they did wellC) they needed to finish the test within 10 minutesD) they were asked to relax before the test73.Students who sat quietly before the test than they had on the pre-test.A) did 5% betterB) did 12% betterC) did 5% worseD) did 12% worse74.The result of the research has proved that.A) writing before a test can make you smarterB) you can become relaxed by writing before a testC) the two student groups both did well in the examD) students dislike challenging questions on the examinationB. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would say: Confucius (孔子).September 28 is his birthday. 75 he was born over 2,000 years ago, people still remember him on this day.Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, part of todays Shangdong province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. His childhood was sad. His father died when he was only 3 and he had to work to help his mother. But young Confucius didnt give up on studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.Later, he became a teacher and started the first 76school in Chinese history. At thattime only children from rich families could go to school, but Confucius believed 77 should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.Today, people still follow Confucius 78 . He told us that each person has something worthy to learn and teach. When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I select their good qualities and follow them. I take their bad qualities and change them in myself.He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. All study but no thinking makespeople puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people 79 .Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. A kind person should 80 others. Be strict with yourself, but be kind to others. he said.75.A) BecauseB) AfterC) AlthoughD) Since76.A) publicB) privateC) popularD) primary77.A) anyoneB) someoneC) no one D) everyone78.A) messagesB) thoughtsC) ways D) news79.A) hardworkingB) lazyC) proudD) polite80.A) learn fromB) get on withC) care forD) worry aboutC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words Naturally, American schoolchildren love holidays. And they get a lot of them each year. Theynot only have n 81 holidays such as Thanksgiving Day and Presidents Day but also get longer breaks in the spring and during the summer holidays. In fact, kids in the US only go to school for 180 days a year. To students, holidays are perfect. However, parents think there are advantages and disadvantages.On one hand, school holidays a 82 families to spend time together. Many American parents take time off from work during June, July or August to travel with their children on vacation either in the US or in a foreign country. On the other hand, schoolchildren get much more time off school than parents get vacation time. This means that parents with young children may have to pay more in babysitting or daycare costs. As well, the long summer holidays mean that s83 get bored.B 84 going on trips with their parents, American students enjoy taking part in different kinds of activities during the holidays. For example, some kids enjoy summer camps and outdoor adventure holidays. Such trips are great for adventurous students. They also have a lot to