时间状语从句_从属连词.doc

时间状语从句一、引入环节（歌曲欣赏）You Raise Me UpWhen I am down and all my soul so wearyAnd troubles come and my heart burdened beThen I am still and waiting here in the silenceUntil you come and sit awhile with meYou raise me up so I can stand on mountainsYou raise me up to walk on stormy seasI am strong when I am on your shouldersYou raise me up to more than I can be歌词分析：二、知识讲解What is an Adverbial？英语句子的基本成分： 具体成分分析：主语：表示句子说的是什么人或什么事。 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、 助动词或情态动词后面。 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和从句等表示。例句：We often speak English in class. Does smoking do harm to the health? 谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 例句：He practices speaking English every morning.The plane took off at five thirty.复合谓语：由情态动词加动词原形构成。 例句：You can keep the book for two months. 由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成。 例句：They are helping with the cleanup. He has seen this movie twice. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。表语：用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及从句表示。 例句：My name is Lilia.The days are getting shorter and shorter.The story is very interesting.宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。与主语一样，通常宾语都具备名词性。 例句：He is doing his homework. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.宾语补足语：用于补充说明宾语的动作，一般位于宾语之后，宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。需接复合宾语的动词有：tell，let，help，teach， ask，see，have，order，make等。“宾补”一般可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。 例句：They painted their boat white.My mother asked me to clean my room.定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。例句： The article about how to learn English helps us a lot.The lady in red is my mother. 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语（Adverbial）。例句：He has lived in the city for ten years. Wait a minute.Once you begin, you must continue.状语种类：1. In order to catch up with the train, we need to run. (目的状语)2.Last night I didnt go to the movies because of the rain.(原因状语)3. We shall go boating if it doesnt rain. (条件状语)4.Mr. Smith lives on the third floor. (地点状语)5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)6.She came in with flowers in her hand.(伴随状语)7. I am taller than he is. (比较状语)8. He was so tired that he couldnt walk even one more step.(结果状语)9. She got lost though she had a compass.(让步状语)10. I get up at six.(时间状语)状语从句定义：用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子就是状语从句。基本结构：状语从句的三个必须必须是句子；必须是陈述句；必须有连接词 小测试：1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A. whenB. while C. until D. before2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. until C. while D. when3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it.A. whereB. when C. that D. until4. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home.A. Before B. when C. that D. until5. (06辽宁) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears.A. whyB. where C. when D. while连接词when的用法小结1. when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。例句：When the film ended, they went back.When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2. when 常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时” 。例句：was doing somethingwhenwas about to dowhenwas on the point of doing sth. when3. when可以表“既然”。例句：How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?小测试:1. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest inBritain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.A. since B. when C. as D. while 2. (04年江苏) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actuallylike the person.A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless3. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal.A.When B.As C. While D Before4. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.(全国)A. so that B. although C. while D. as if连接词while的用法小结 1.while可用来引导时间状语，意为“当的时候”；引导的动作必须是持续性的。例句：Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。例句：Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.3. while也可用来引导让步状语，意为“尽管，虽然”；可表示尽管，相当于although。例句： While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4. 趁的情况赶紧做, 否则来不及了。例句：Strike while the iron is hot. 连接词as的用法小结1.as可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边一边”；随着。 She sang as she walked home all the way. (一边一边） As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （随着） 2.as也可用来引导原因状语从句意为“因为”。 As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. （因为） 3.as还可用来引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构）意为“尽管”。 Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （尽管）Child as he is, he knows a lot.连接词when, while, as的用法区别when, while, as这三个连词都可表示“当的时候”，使用时应注意：1. when可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。例句：When he came in, we were having supper.When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out.2.while则只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语从句中的时态常用进行时态。例句： When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep.3. as则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行;也可表示“随着”。例句：She sang as she walked along.As the election approached, the violence（暴行） got worse. 小测试：1. (03北京春) Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. after B. unless C. until D. when2. (03上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.A. when B. unless C. after D. until 3. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses_ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; that B. until; thatC. until; when D. when; thentill, until 和 notuntil 1.until/till从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。 例句：We waited until/till he came. 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。 例句：He wont go to bed until her father returns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。 例句：Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法，例句： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.小测试：1. (03年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.A. untilB. when C. before D. as2. (04福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. after C. before D. when3. (06四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?He rushed out of the room_ I could say a word.A. before B. until C. when D. after连接词before的小结1. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. “才” 2. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.“不到就” 3. Please write it down before you forget it.“趁” 4. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. “还没来得及” 5.其他1）It will be/段时间before“还要过多久才”。 It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）It was +时间段+before 从句 （动作已发生）。It was three weeks before he came back.3）It will not be long before“不多久就会”。 It wont be long before she comes back.4）It was not long before“不多久就了”。It wasnt long before he left the country. 小测试：1. (01北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her.A. whileB. the momentC. suddenlyD. although2. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met her.A. first time B. for the first timeC. the first time D. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.A. He hardly had B. Had he hardlyC. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had 拓展部分：1一些词，如the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan等也可引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。 例句：I came immediately you called me up.2一些含有time的名词短语，如the first /second/last time, every time, each time, next time, by the time等，也可引导时间状语从句。例句：The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous