八下英语期末复习.doc

八下英语期末复习第一部分：词组1 Which hobby do you think takes up the least space?你认为哪种爱好占用空间最少？点拨1take up在句中意为“填满，占据（某空间或时间）”。That big TV set takes up too much space.那个大电视太占地方。Jims time is fully taken up with writing.吉姆的时间都用于写作了。点拨2least是little的最高级，“最小的；最少的；最小；最少”；其比较级是less，“较少的；更少的”，在句中通常用来修饰不可数名词。Hes the best teacher even though he has the least experience.他尽管经验最少，但教得最好。You ought to smoke fewer cigarettes and drink less beer.你应当少抽烟，少喝啤酒。随时练【考例】The machine takes up much_.A. space B. rooms C. place D. places【答案与解析】A。much后接不可数名词，排除B和D，space作“空间”讲，place表示“地方”。句意：这台机器占据的空间大。故选A。2. Sorry its a bit untidy. Ill tidy up the table and chairs. 对不起，有点乱。我会收拾一下桌椅的。点拨1a bit “稍微、一点儿”可以用来修饰动词以及形容词、副词的原级、比较级。This book costs a bit(too)much. 这本书（太）贵了一点儿。These trousers are a bit tight. 这条裤子有点儿紧。This text is a bit more difficult than the other one. 这篇课文比那一篇稍难一点。点拨2tidy up“整理，收拾”，也可以分开写tidyup。Youd better tidy this room up before the guests arrive.你最好在客人到来之前把屋子整理好。随时练【考例】I feel _ sleepy. Im going to bed.A. a bit of B. a bit C. few D. a few【答案与解析】B。a bit修饰形容词，表示程度，其他三个选项只能修饰名词。故选B。3. I play the violin and I listen to music all the time我一直拉小提琴和听音乐。点拨1play与西洋乐器名词连用时，需要在该名词前加上定冠词the。Kate can play the piano. 凯特会弹钢琴。Jim could play the guitar. 吉姆会弹吉他。注意：play后接表示球类的名词时，在名词前不能有任何冠词。I like playing basketball. 我喜欢打篮球。点拨2listen to, hear, see等感官动词后可接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即listen to/see/hear sb. do sth.，意为“听/听到/看到某人做某事”。I often hear the boy read English in the morning.我经常听到那个男孩在早晨朗读英语。点拨3all the time 意为“总是，一直”，在句中作时间状语。The little girl was laughing all the time那个小女孩一直笑个不停。【拓展】on time 准时； in time 及时； at times 有时； from time to time 不时随时练【考例】My sister can play _ violin very well(2010长沙)Athe Ba C【答案与解析】A。本题考查定冠词的用法。violin“小提琴”，play与西洋乐器名词连用时，西洋乐器名词前需加定冠词the，故选A。4What made you so interested in music? 是什么让你对音乐如此感兴趣？点拨(be) interested in 对感兴趣begetbecome interested in的主语往往是人，常常表示“某人对某事产生兴趣”。in在这里是一个介词，后面可以跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。Almost all children are interested in storybooks几乎所有的孩子都对故事书感兴趣。I became interested in making things last year去年我对制作东西产生了兴趣。辨析：interested与interestinginterested：为表语形容词，只作表语，不作定语，表示人的状态。interesting：既可作表语也可作定语，修饰名词或代词，表示事物的特征或性质。Both of us are interested in interesting stories. 我俩都对有趣的故事感兴趣。随时练【考例】We are interested _ collecting stamps.A. at B. in C. on D. about【答案与解析】B。考查固定短语be interested in “对感兴趣”。注意所用介词。故选B。5. Theres concert at Radio Beijing北京电台有一场音乐会。点拨： There be句型 本句为There be结构，它表示“在某地方(或某事)存在什么人或物”，指客观存在。动词be与后面相邻的名词在数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。There be 结构与实义动词have不同，前者表“存在”，后者表“所有”。There are some apple trees in the garden花园里有一些苹果树。They have some apple trees in the garden他们花园里有一些苹果树。随时练【考例】Look! There _ a table and two chairs in the room.A. are B. is C. were D was【答案与解析】 B。由look一词可判断出本句为一般现在时，排除C和D。be动词后是a table，根据就近原则，be动词要用单数。故选B。6. Many students have hobbies, such as reading, painting, growing vegetables in their gardens, and looking after animals.很多学生都有爱好，比如阅读、绘画、在他们的花园里种菜和照顾动物。点拨1such as“像，例如”，相当于口语中的like。There are many school things in the shop, such as pens, pencils, exercise books and rules.商店里有许多学习用品，像钢笔、铅笔、练习本和尺子。辨析：such as与for examplesuch as用于列举前面概述过的同类事物，不需要用逗号与其他成分隔开，只能位于名词或名词性词组前面。for example用于举例说明，一般用逗号与其他成分隔开。位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末。 Jim has many good friends here，such as Liu Kai and Zhang JunJim has many good friends here，Liu Kai and Zhang Jun，for example吉姆在这里有许多好朋友，比如刘凯和张军。点拨2look after 意为“照管，照料，关心”。I must look after my old grandma我必须照顾我的老奶奶。【拓展】look after的同义词组是take care of。They take care of their babies他们悉心照料他们的孩子。look after的另一同义词组是care for。He spent years caring for his sick mother他数年中一直在照顾他生病的母亲。随时练【考例】I have to go to Jinan for two weeks. Would you please _my pet dog?A. look at B. look over C. look after D. look up【答案与解析】C。说话人要去济南俩星期。可推测要嘱咐别人帮着照顾宠物狗。look at“看”（强调看的动作）；look over“检查，巡视”；look after“照顾，照料”；look up“查词典，抬头看”。故选C。7. Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help your learn new skills.爱好能够促进你成长，启发你的兴趣，还能帮助你学习新的技能。点拨make + 宾语 + do (即不带to不定式)意为“（迫）使某人做（某事）”。They made me repeat the story. 他们逼我又把那件事讲了一遍。随时练【考例】Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby _(2010兰州)Ato stop crying Bstop crying Cto stop to cry Dstop to cry【答案与解析】B。本题考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，后跟省略to的动词不定式；stop doing sth. 停止做某事；stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事。由题意“丹尼做各种事让婴儿停止哭”，故选B。8. During the summer of 2000, he spent four weeks on a summer camp.在2000年夏天，他参加了一个为期四周的夏令营。点拨spend 意为“花费(钱时间)”，主语一般是人，其结构是Sbspends moneytime on sth或Sbspends moneytime(in)doing sth.。He spends two hours on English every morning=He spends two hours in learning English every morning每天早晨他用两个小时的时间学习英语。【拓展】表示“某人花费多少时间做某事”还可用动词take，其结构为：It takes sb. some time to do sth.。It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school every day我每天用20分钟步行去上学。It will take us more than a year to build the tall building我们将用一年多的时间来建造这座高楼。随时练【考例】Its nice of you to _ so much time showing me around your schoolAtake Bspend Ccost Dhave (2010安徽)【答案与解析】B。由句中的showing可知，本题考查spend.(in) doing sth. 结构，意为“花费(时间)做某事”。take作“花费”讲时，常用于“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”结构；cost作“花费”讲时，其主语必须是物；have不符合语境。故选B。9. As well as the usual activities, such as sailing, climbing an professional writer.除了像帆船、爬山和山地车等常见的活动外，还有一个由职业作家指导的写作研习班。点拨as well as意为“除之外，也，还”。He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他既种菜也种花。She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。随时练【考例】Tony is good at skating _ skiing.A. as good as B. as well as C. such as D. as usual【答案与解析】B。考查固定搭配as well as“除之外，也，还”。“Tony既擅长滑雪，也擅长滑冰”。as good as“和几乎一样；像一样好”；such as“例如”；as usual“像往常一样”。10. Many teenagers love his book, and as a result, David has become a successful young writer.很多青少年都喜欢他的书，大卫也因此成为一名成功的年轻作家。点拨1as a result 意为“结果，因此”。She didnt work hard, and as a result, she failed the exam.辨析：as a result与soas a result“结果，因此”，一般放在句首，后面加逗号。so“因此”既可放在句首，也可放在句中，两种情况时so后面都不加逗号。The traffic was heavyAs a result，I was late交通很拥挤，结果我迟到了。I got up late，so I missed the early bus我起床晚了，所以错过了早班车。点拨2become的用法用作连系动词，其后接名词或形容词。He became a teacher at the age of 17他17岁就当了老师。The weather became warmer天气变得暖和起来。注意：become是终止性动词，它不能与表示一段时间的单词或短语连用；become也不可与不定式连用。随时练【考例】He got up late. _, he came late. A. SoB. So thatC. As a result D. As a matter of fact【答案与解析】C。由前一句“他起床晚了”和后一句“他迟到了”可看出两句话是因果关系。A和B选项也表示“因此”，但后面都不加逗号。D项意为“事实上”。故选C。11. Its sometimes difficult to remember that we shouldnt spend all our time on our favourite hobby.有时候，我们很难记住不要把所有的时间都用在最喜欢的爱好上。点拨1这是一个含有that引导的宾语从句的复合句。It是形式主语，to remember.动词不定式短语是真正的主语。Its + adj. + to do sth做某事是的。It is difficult to ride a horse骑马不容易。Its important to learn English well=To learn English well is important学好英语很重要。点拨2句中should用作情态动词，指应该，表示说话人的建议或者意愿。You should say sorry to me你应该向我道歉。随时练【考例】Its amazing _ past fields.A. drive B. driving C. drives D. to drive【答案与解析】D。考查句型Its + adj. + to do sth“做某事是的”。故选D。12. There are many other interesting things to do in life, and we should try to do something new or different.生活中有很多其他有趣的事情可做，我们应该尝试做新的或不同的事情。点拨1try to do sth尽力做某事，试图做某事The boy tried to ride the horse那个男孩尽力骑上那匹马。【拓展】try doing sth意为“尝试做某事”。Why not try opening the door?为什么不试着打开这扇门?try ones best to do sth竭尽全力做某事I must try my best to learn English well我必须竭尽全力学好英语。点拨2something new意为“新的东西”，形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything，somewhere，anywhere等复合不定代词或不定副词时，须放在这些词的后面。Would you like something hot to drink? 你想喝点热东西吗?随时练【考例】-Do you have your summer plan，Bill?-Well，want to go _ to relax with my family(2010贵阳)Ainteresting somewhere Bnowhere interesting Csomewhere interesting【答案与解析】C。本题考查形容词修饰不定副词的用法。形容词修饰不定副词时，要放在不定副词之后，故A项错误；“一个有趣的地方”应用somewhere interesting。故选C。13Do you know if Sally Maxwell has arrived? 你知道萨莉麦克斯韦尔到了没有？点拨1此处if意思是“是否”。可以用于引导宾语从句，在口语中可与whether换用。I dont know whether / if you like swimming. 我不知道你是否喜欢游泳。You asked me whether / if I would show him the way. 你问我是否愿意给他指路。注意：在下列情况只能用whethera与or not连用时I asked your secretary whether she could come or not. 我问过你的秘书她是否可以一起来。bwhether 用在介词后Im interested in whether she likes English. 我关心的是她是否喜欢英语。cwhether后接不定式时不能用if代替。She wondered whether to come (or not). 她想知道是否要来。另外，if可以用于引导条件状语从句表示“如果”。从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 I will go to the park if its sunny tomorrow. 如果明天天晴我就去公园。而不能说Ill go to the park if it will be sunny tomorrow. If it doesnt rain, well go swimming. 如果天不下雨，我们将去游泳。点拨2arrive 表示“到达”。后面可接in指到达大的地方。接at指到达小地点，此外“到达”有get to常用于口语，但如果后面接副词，则不能用to，reach是及物动词，后面直接接宾语。Has he arrived in Beijing yet? 他已经到达北京了吗？Mike got home at four yesterday. 迈克在昨天4点到家。They reached London last month. 上个月他们到了伦敦。注意：如果句子中没有宾语时，则只能用arrive。The train has already arrived. 火车已经到达了。随时练【考例】I want to know _I can join you or not.A. whether B. if C. weather D. as if【答案与解析】A。考查whetheror nor“是否”。句意：我想知道我是否能加入到你们中来。14Can I ask you if you miss the UK, or your relations? 我能问你你是否思念英国，或自己的亲人吗？点拨miss在此表示“想念”。I miss you very much. 我非常想念你。【拓展】miss还表示“错过”。Go along this road, and youll see the hospital. You cant miss it.沿着这条路走，你将会看到这个医院，你不会找不到的。随时练【考例】When I was working in America, I _ my family very much.A. miss B. missing C. misses D. missed【答案与解析】D。考查miss的时态。根据时间状语，可看出动词时态应选过去式。“我在美国工作期间，很想家人”。15What does it feel like? 感觉怎么样？ 点拨feel like此处意为“觉得”。feel此处为连系动词，like为介词。I felt like a fool at that time. 那时我觉得自己像个傻瓜。【拓展】feel like 和 want to, would like to 表示的意义接近，表示“想要”，feel like后接动词-ing形式，而want, would like接不定式。1）He felt like going out for a walk. =Hed like to go out for a walk. =He wanted to go out for a walk. 他想出门散散步。2）I feel like taking a good rest. =Id like to take a good rest. =I want to take a good rest. 我想好好休息一下。16By the way, why dont you bring all your friends for a visit to Radio Beijing?顺便问一下，你为什么不带所有朋友到北京电台来参观呢？点拨1by the way 顺便说，顺便问。By the way, do you know what he is doing? 顺便问一下，你知道他正在做什么吗？By the way, whats the meaning of this word? 顺便问一下，这个单词是什么意思？【拓展】on ones way(to) 在路上in this way 用这种方式I met my good friend on my way home. 在回家路上我遇到了我的好朋友。He can solve this problem in this way. 他采用这种方法解决了这个难题。随时练【考例】Welcome to China. _, where are you from?A. On the way B. By the way C. In this way D. About the way【答案与解析】B。考查固定搭配by the way “顺便说，顺便问”。17. When was the last time you felt unhappy?你上次感到不高兴是什么时候？点拨feel是系动词。系动词和表语一起构成复合谓语，以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份。例如：be, feel, look, become, fall, get, turn, go, keep, taste, sound, smell等。He is careful in everything. 他事事小心。You dont look well. Better take a rest. 你看上去身体不太好，最好休息一下。We have become interested in science. 我们对科学变得有兴趣了。Leaves turn green in spring. 春天树叶变绿。Keep quiet, please. 请保持安静。随时练【考例】-Which T-shirt do you prefer?-The red one. It _ more comfortable.A. tastes B. smells C. feels D. sounds【答案与解析】C。考查系动词feel“摸起来”。18How can you make other people feel happy? 你怎样使其他人感到高兴？点拨other此处为形容词，表示“其他的；另外的”。还可以作代词。下面对一些相近词进行分析。the other, others和another的用法区别1）the other可单独使用或修饰单数名词，表示“两个数量中的另一个”；也可加-s或修饰复数名词， 表示“某一范围内所有其余的人或物”。 His parents both work in a hospital. One is a doctor and the other is a nurse.他父母都在一家医院工作，一个是医生，一个是护士。（父母总是二人） He has a book in one hand and a pen in the other (hand). 他一手拿书，另一手拿笔。（人只有二只手）。 Li Lei ran much faster than the others (或the other runners). 李雷比其他运动员跑得快得多。2）the others指的是一定范围内“所有其余的人和事物”，是特指；others却是没有明确范围的“另 外的人或事物”，是泛指。试比较： John did better than all the others in that sport. 在那项运动中John比所有别的人都要出色。 Some like this; others like that. 有人喜欢这个，有人喜欢那个。 We must think more of others. 我们必须多想想他人。3）二者中的“另一个”用the other；不定数目中的“又一个，再一个”用another。 She ate one of the two cakes and kept the other. 两块饼她吃了一块，留下另一块。 The glass in broken. Go and get another. 这杯子破了，去另拿一只。（杯子总数不确定）。随时练【考例】Do you have any _ questions?A. another B. others C. other D. the other【答案与解析】C。other可以修饰可数名词复数，表示“其他的”。不定数目中的“又一个，再一个”用another。others是没有明确范围的“另外的人或事物”，泛指。二者中的“另一个”用the other。故选C。19I was very lonely, and afraid to make friends with anyone. 我感到很孤独，不敢与人交朋友。点拨1be afraid to do sth不敢做某事【拓展】be afraid of sth 害怕be afraid that 恐怕be afraid of doing 害怕Im afraid to drive into the swimming pool. 我不敢在游泳池跳水。Im afraid to stay alone. 我不敢一个人呆在家里。He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗。Im afraid that Ill be late. 我恐怕要迟到。Im afraid he wont come this afternoon.我恐怕他今下午不会来了点拨2lonely此处为形容词，以为“孤独，寂寞”。lonely与alone的用法区别1）lonely作表语与alone不同。lonely带有较浓厚的感情色彩，表示“寂寞”、“孤独”，因缺少朋 友、友谊而产生一种悲伤和忧郁的感情，alone只是陈述一个事实，表示“独自的”、“单独的” （没有其他人在场），试比较： She was alone in the room. 她独自一人在屋里。 He was alone, but he was not lonely. 他独自一人，但并不感到孤独。 The children often come to see Grandpa Wang, so he doesnt feel lonely. 孩子们常来看王爷爷，所以他不感到寂寞。2）lonely作定语用，修饰地点名词，意为“荒凉的”，如： He lives in a lonely village. 他住在一个荒凉的山村里。点拨3make friends with“与交朋友”。注意此处friend用复数形式。随时练【考例】Mr Brown is afraid_ climb the tree, because he is afraid_ falling down from it,A. to; to B. of; of C. to; of D. of; to【答案与解析】C。考查be afraid to do sth“不敢做某事”；be afraid of doing “害怕”。20.I asked him why he smiled, but he couldnt remember smiling at me!我问他为什么笑，他却不记得对我笑过！点拨remember to do sth 是“记得去做某事”（事情没有做）。remember doing sth. 是“记得已做过某事”（事情已经做过）。Remember to be here earlier. 记得来早点。He didnt remember crying. 他记不得他哭过。比较：He didnt remember to lock the door. 他不记得要锁门。（门没有锁）He didnt remember locking the door. 他不记得已把门锁上了（已锁）随时练【考例】Dont remember _the windows before you go.A. to closing B. to close C. closing D. close【答案与解析】B。本句祈使句。考查remember to do sth 是“记得去做某事”（事情没有做）。21Can I ask you a few personal questions? 我可以问你一些个人问题吗？点拨a few “一些”，修饰可数名词复数。辨析：a little/ little/ a few/ fewlittle, a little修饰不可数名词。little表示否定的，a little表示肯定的。a little的意思“稍许、有点儿”。He knows a little German. 他懂点德语。She felt a little tired. 她觉得有点累。little的意思是“很少，几乎没有的”。There is little time left. 没剩下多少时间了。There is little water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水。little还有“小”的意思，常含有喜爱或赞美的意思。My little brother is Jack. 我弟弟叫杰克。She is a nice little girl. 她是一个可爱的小姑娘。This is a little house. 这是间小屋。few, a few修饰可数名词。few的意思“很少，几个”，表示否定的意思。He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。I met few young people at the meeting.我在会上几乎没有遇到年轻人。a few的意思是“有几个”，表示肯定的意思。He is going to eat a few apples. 他要吃几个苹果。随时练【考例】Time is limited(有限的). I will only answer _ questions.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few【答案与解析】D。四个选项都可以表示“少”。A，B选项修饰不可数名词。根据题意，说话人还是想回答问题，few表否定。所以选肯定意义的D。22Im afraid you have the wrong number. 我恐怕你打错电话了。点拨本句打电话用语。日常电话用语有：Whos speaking? 你是谁？ This is Tom speaking. 我是Tom。May I speak to Jack? 我可以和Jack讲话吗？Hold the line. 请稍等。He isnt at home now. 他现在不在。Can I take a message for you? 我可以给你留口信吗？Ill call back later. 稍后我再打电话。随时练【考例】-Is this 02-2718-5398?-No.-_A. Im sorry I have the wrong number. B. Why not?C. That is Tom. D. Hold on, please.【答案与解析】A。考查电话用语。很明显这个人打电话打错了。打错电话通常用：have the wrong number 表示。23Some people write to find out about life in another country. 一些人写信想了解别的国家的生活习惯。点拨find out 指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相，真情，调查找出原因，或发现秘密，错误等，一般接名词，代词或从句。意为“查明，了解，获知”。Do you find out why he was late? 你查明他为什么迟到了吗？Can you find out what time the train leaves? 你能查出火车什么时候开吗？find 表示“找到”强调结果。I looked for my watch, but I couldnt find it. 我寻找了我的手表，但是没有找到。Can you find Tom at school? 你在学校找到Tom了吗？随时练【考例】He made a call and _ when the train arrived.A. found B. found out C. finded D. finded out【答案与解析】B。考查短语find out“查明，了解，获知”。打电话的目的是获取火车上吗时候到的信息。find的过去式为found。故选B。24Remember to look out for the red light! 记着小心红灯！remember to do sth. 记着要做某事remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事例如：Mary remembered to go shopping.玛丽记起要去买东西。Mary remembered going shopping. 玛丽记得买过东西了。 look out(for) 意思是“当心，注意”例如：Look out for the traffic lights when you are driving.开车的时候要注意看交通信号灯。look out 还可以表示向外看例如：She stopped writing and looked out of the window. 她停止写作，向窗外看了看。其他“小心”的表达watch out, watch it, look out, be carefullook 的其他词组look at 看look after 照顾，照料look down upon 看不起，轻视 look up 查找 look for 寻找 look forward to 期待，期盼 look over 检查look through 浏览look into 调查look around 环视look up to 敬重随时练【考例】I remember _him once.A. see B. to see C. seeing D. to seeing 【答案与解析】C。通过once这个词，我们可以知道“我曾经见过他”所以应该是“记得曾经做过某事”故答案是C。【考例】Look_! Iceberg! Iceberg ahead!A. at B. up C. with D. out 【答案与解析】D。look out 小心，look at 看，look up 向上看或者查询，look with不是固