高一快速阅读.doc

全国最大的个性化品牌辅导机构龙文教育个性化辅导教案教师学生 授课时间 授课层次授课课题课型教学目标 1、 知识目标：2、 能力目标：3、情感态度与价值观：教学重点和难点1、 重点：2、 难点： 教学内容：本次教案要求学生根据大纲要求，进行“快速阅读”，攻克6篇模拟题，并体会高考阅读的出题点，出题特点，关键词，选项特征等，研习十篇高考真题。从而攻克阅读难关，能够在做题时，心中有数。我们的高考阅读， 从狭义上看仅是只有 5 篇阅读数量的 40 分值的短文； 从广义上而言， 阅读还应当包括完形填空。这样，高考阅读就应该是 80 分值、占整个试卷结构约 53.3%的三大部分。我们主要从文章的内容，结构，取材，中心思想出题。阅速速度概述 提高阅读能力很重要的一个方面是提高阅读速度。阅读速度通常被称为阅读能力中的第一要素，它是反映语言能力和衡量阅读水平的重要标志。 中学教学大纲中明确规定了对高中学生阅读速度的要求，高三年级的学生应能以每分钟5060个词的速度，阅读生词量不超过3的有关人物传记、寓言故事、活动记述、社会文化、文史知识、科普小品等内容的材料，理解正确率达到70 要达到大纲要求，我们就必须努力训练以提高自身的阅读速度。要提高阅读速度首先要清楚影响提高阅读速度的因素。谈到阅读中心理运动的技能，我们就必须谈谈具体的训练眼睛运动的内容-掌握注视点，扩大识别幅技能，这是充分发挥眼与脑协调作用至关重要的一个方面。 注视点(eye focus)是眼停瞬间眼睛实际注视的目标。在正常观看静止物体(印刷文字)时，眼睛交替地进行跳动和注视两种运动。跳动时，眼睛在扫视；注视时，眼睛则瞄准到视野中的一个固定焦点，接受视觉信息。眼睛的扫视运动是短暂的，而注视(眼停)时间较长。既然眼停时间长，那么阅读时视线应集中在什么位置?下面我们来看看注视点的问题。在读answer this question这三个词时，一目一词的读者先把注视点集中于第一个词answer上，然后集中于this，最后才是question。这种阅读方式不仅影响阅读速度而且影响阅读理解。每一个词在大脑中闪现一遍，阅读难以形成完整的概念。这类读者其实是在通过一个个的字母形状的辨认来读词的。 一目两词的读者把视线集中在answer this上，大脑同样得不到完整的概念。其实这些读者还是在逐词阅读，只不过是从通过辨认字母形状阅读词的阶段过渡到了直接识别词的阶段。要提高阅读速度就必须努力改掉一目一词的习惯，逐步养成一组词视读(phrasal reading)的习惯。所谓一组词视读，是按照意义单位或意群(sense group)将句中的词自然分开，一组组扫描，用目光捕捉词组的信息。 如刚才那个词组，只需把注视点集中在this上，两眼同时吸收其左右两边的answer和question，这样大脑里便闪现出完整的，有意义的词汇单位，从而摆脱了对字母和孤立单词的依赖，真正进入积极而有意义的阅读状态。 眼睛注视焦点词的同时所能吸收左右两边词的范围叫做识别幅(recognition span)。每次注视到的焦点词两边的词越多，识别幅越大，阅读速度越快。因此我们应加强对注视点和识别幅技能的训练。 平时我们可以运用将句子划分成意义单位(意群)的方式来进行扩大视幅，一组词视读的训练，以完成迅速而准确地捕捉信息的过程。以下列句子为例： 1My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. 2. He then filled a cup with some of the petrol, some of the castor oil and some of the vinegar. 3. The population in and around San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906. 4. But he had many enemies- slaver owners in the south and rich people in a big city who had grown rich on the work of the slaves. 5. Before the days of television, they used to be shown all over the country怎样培养快速阅读的技巧要做到“一目十行”1.视幅要宽意思是每一眼看的词要尽量的多。我们阅读表面是用眼睛看，实际是用脑子读，眼睛只是起了照相机镜头的作用。努力使自己的眼睛变成“广角镜”，把尽可能多的词能一眼“尽收眼底”。2.视时要短意思是第一眼和第二眼之间停顿的间隙要尽量短。我们阅读时，若视幅相同，谁的停顿时间短，谁就能读得快。3.意群要长即在每个视幅中不是让你把很多的单词都收进脑子，而是要善于从中摄取有意义的词组，这个有意义的词组就是意群。极慢的读者是一个字一个字地读，视幅就很窄，句子中间的停顿就多，而频繁的停顿必然妨碍正常的理解。快速阅读者是半句或一句句地读。视幅大大加宽，停顿的间隙少而短，获取的都是有意义的词组，因而理解全句或全段就能做到水到渠成。4.利用上下文猜生词充分利用上下文给出的线索，有些生词的意思是可以猜出来的。下面介绍一些基本方法：（1）利用定义的线索在生词出现的上文或下文，有时能找到对它所下的定义或解释，由此可判断其定义。（2）利用同义的线索一个生词出现的上下文中有时会出现与之同义或近义的词，它往往揭示或解释了生词的词义。（3）利用反义的线索在某一生词的前面或后面有时会出现它的反义词或常用来对比的词语，由它可以推测生词词义。（4）利用常识猜测词义有时一句话中尽管有生词，但我们可以利用已有的知识去判断生词的意思。（5）利用等式或符号猜测生词一段话后面有时会给出一些等式或符号，如前面的话中有生词，由后面的等式或符号可疑猜出生词的词义。总之，利用多种方法猜测生词词义，有助于提高阅读速度和学习兴趣，是英语学习者应当掌握的好方法。EX-1 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项 。A Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair , a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims . The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in peoples hair. “Youre what you eat and drink, and thats recorded in you hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah. While U.S diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as raid clouds move.Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable , but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes . The heaviest raid falls first .As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair corresponds to about two months. Cerlings team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a mop of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of raid systems.“Its not good for pinpointing,” Cerling said . “Its good for eliminating many possibilities.”Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.“Its still a substantial area,” Park said “But it narrows it way down for me.”56. What is the scientists new discovery?A) Ones hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.B) A persons hair may reveal where they have lived.C) Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects. D) The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person. 57. What is said about the rainfall in Americas West?A) There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.B) The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.C) Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas. D) It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.58. What did Cerlings team produce in their research?A) A map showing the regional differences of tap water.B) A collection of hair samples from various barber shops. C) A method to measure the amount of water in human hair. D) A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system.BIs there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) to help secure Americas energy future ? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWRs oil would help ease Californias electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the countrys energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth with the last government survey, conducted in 1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfallin tax revenues, royalties and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say , damage to the environment would be insignificant . “Weve never had a document case of oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice.” says Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan.Not so fast, say environmentalists . Sticking to the low end of government estimates, the National Resources Defense Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease Americas energy problems. And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after much bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review. As for ANWRs impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden States electricity output and just 3% of the nations. 59. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _A) believes that drilling for oil in ANWR will produce high yields B) tends to exaggerate Americas reliance on foreign oilC) shows little interest in tapping oil in ANWR D) expects to stop oil imports from Saudi Arabia 60. Those against oil drilling in ANWR argue that _A) it can cause serious damage to the environment B) it can do little to solve U.S. energy problems C) it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan region D) it will not have much commercial value 61. What do the environmentalists mean by saying “Not so fast” (Line 1, Para .3)? A) Oil exploitation takes a long timeB) The oil drilling should be delayedC) Dont be too optimisticD) Dont expect fast returns62. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWRs frozen earth _.A) remains a controversial issue B) is expected to get under way soon C) involves a lot of technological problems D) will enable the U.S. to be oil independentCHumans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While heres on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which youre able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldnt get the job done.Stress that you can manage may also boost immune function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they werent in control: They had to sit through a gory video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody thats the bodys first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity, “Its the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”63. The passage is mainly about_A) the benefits of manageable stressB) how to avoid stressful situationsC) how to cope with stress effectivelyD) the effects of stress hormones on memory64. The word “shun”(Line 1,Para.1) most probably means_.A) cut down onB) stay away fromC) run out ofD) put up with65. We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that_A) people under stress tend to have a poor memoryB) people who cant get their job done experience more stressC) doing challenging work may be good for ones healthD) stress will weaken the bodys defense against germs66. In the experiment described in Paragraph 3,the video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody because_.A) the video was not enjoyable at allB) the outcome was beyond their control C) they knew little about surgical proceduresD) they felt no pressure while watching the videoDBy almost any measure , there is a boom in Internet-based instruction . In just a few years , 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools , its closer to 90 percent . If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably havent . It enrolls 90,000 student , a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructions post syllabi, reading assignments , and schedules on Websites , and students send in their assignments by e-mail . Generally speaking , face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.The attraction for students might at first seem obvious . Primarily , theres the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say , in your pajamas. But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course . While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent , the rate for online students is 35 percent . Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup . In a survey conducted for eCornell , the DL division of Cornell University , less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.Cleary form the schools perspective , theres a lot of money to be saved . Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software , most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded systems . The more students who enroll in a course but dont come to campus , the more the school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms , paying doorkeepers , and maintaining parking lots , And theres evindence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons , wont be paid any more , and might well be paid less. 58According to the passage , distance learning is basically characterized by_A) A considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsB) The great diversity of students academic backgroundsC) A minimum or total absence of face-to-face instructionD) t the casual relationship between students and professors59. Many students take Internet -based courses mainly because they can_A) Earn their academic degrees with much less effortB) Save a great deal on traveling and boarding expensesC) Select courses from various colleges and universitiesD) Work on the required courses whenever and wherever60. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?A) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.B) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.C) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.61. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of_A) building up their reputation C) upgrading their teaching facilitiesB) cutting down on their expenses D) providing convenience for students下面我们来了解一下传统的高考套路，以及十年高考新趋势 EX-2请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项. A I am an English teacher, with over 15 years experience of teaching in London. I started the DailyStep audio email lesson service because I noticed that when I started their English course, my students speaking and listening skills were much weaker than their reading and writing skills. In my view, this is because education in school does not focus enough on communication skills. DailyStep is designed to remedy this situation by offering more practice in speaking, listening and vocabulary. I am crazy about the English language and it is a real pleasure for me to see the development of my students language skills. I majored in (以.为专业)law at university and then worked for three years as a researcher and journalist for Sky television and BBC magazines. I decided to change to English teaching because of my love of the English language and my wish to move into more satisfying work. Then I qualified (取得资格)as an English teacher in 1992. My first teaching job was at a language school in Covent Garden, London, where I taught examination classes and Business English . After two years, I moved to the Nippon Club where I taught General English and Business English courses for 9 years. I also developed a unique course called British Society & Culture, covering all areas of British life, such as politics, law, education & music. At the same time, taught Business， Financial& Law English in the financial centre of London. My students included staff （工作人员）from banks and law firms. As well as running the DailyStep website, I also provide in-company English speech training for companies in London. If you have an important speech coming up and would like some information about how I can help you, please email me at .66.DailyStep audio email lesson service _A. is an in-company serviceB. teaches English communication skillsC. is designed for working peopleD. provides English training for free67.What does the underlined word “remedy” in Paragraph mean?A. report B. judge C. improve D. practise68. Whats the CORRECT time order of the following events?a. The author qualified as an English teacherb.The author taught at a language school in Covent Gardenc.The author worked as a journalist for Sky televisiond.The author taught in the Noppon Club.A. cabd B. cadb C. cbad D. cdab69. We can learn from the passage that_.A. the author enjoys teaching EnglishB. all of the authors students are adultsC. the author majored in English at universityD. the author knows little about how to make a speech B The whole morning we just checked our own things. We were looking for items to give away. We thought of blankets, food and clothing. Our aim was not to find things we no longer wanted, but things we use every day and would be useful to others. We made up boxes