英语人教版八年级下册unit 10Section A 4a-4c.doc

动词时态教学设计 涿鹿县初级中学 王霞Teaching Aims and Demands: 1.To revise the eight types of tenses that weve learned. 2. Moral object: Practice makes perfect.Teaching Key Points and Difficulties: 1. The usages and forms of the tenses. 2.Compare different tenses Teaching Aids: Multimedia and some cards.Teaching Procedures.Step1.Greet the class.Step 2. summary and Exercise1、现在进行时1).表示说话时正在进行的动作.常和now，Look！Listen！连用。例：I am reading a book now. Look！They are having a basketball match. Its 7：00 pm. The Greens are watching TV.2).表示现阶段正在进行着的动作。例：Mr. Green is writing another novel.3).表示在近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。即用现在进行体表示将来要发生的动作。但一般要与将来时间连用，而且仅限于少量动词。例如： come，go，start，arrive，leave，stay等。例：Mr. Smith is leaving for London tomorrow.2、过去进行时1).表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。常与at this time yesterday, at that time, at eight yesterday等连用。 例：What were you doing at three oclock yesterday afternoon？2).用于when，while 引导的时间状语从句中。用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。例：I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door. While he was waiting at the bus stop，the traffic accident happened.（While 后的分句必须用进行时） While I was reading，my sister was sleeping.（表示对比，都用进行时）3).用于表示过去将来的动作。常用在间接引语中。 例：I asked him whether he was coming back for dinner.3、一般现在时1).经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。如every day, often , usually, sometimes, always, once a year等连用。例：I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2).客观真理、客观存在、科学事实。例：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.此用法出现在宾语从句中，主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.3).在时间、条件状语从句中表示将来的动作。 例：If it rains tomorrow, Ill stay at home.4). 用于某些表达法中表示现在正在发生的动作或存在的状态。 例：Here comes the bus. There goes the bell!4、一般过去时一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982等。例：He went to school an hour ago. When I was a child，I often played football in the street.请你注意：一般过去时表明的是过去发生的事，和现在不发生关系。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：yesterday，last month，in 1999，two days ago等，绝对不可与recently，in the past 10 years，this month等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。5、一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow，tomorrow morning，next week（year，term），in （two days），soon，the day after tomorrow等。例：I will go to Beijing tomorrow.1）will/shall+动词原形2）be going to+动词原形3）用短暂性动词的现在进行时表示一般将来时6、过去将来时 过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它常用于宾语从句中。例：He told me he would go to Beijing. He said the train was leaving at six the next morning She said she was going to start at once.7、现在完成时1).表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常用的时间状语：already，never，just，before，recently，never, yet, in the last few years等连用。例：I have lost my key.（说明过去某时丢的，现在还未找到。）2).表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。常与for+时间段，since+时间点连用。要求动词是延续性的。例：I have known him for ten years.3).表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事。例：We have been to the Summer Palace twice. They are not here. They have gone to the Summer Palace.注意：因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时，有动态和延续性的特点，所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词。例：The old man has been dead for 2 years.（过去分词做表语表示状态，可以延续） The old man died 2 years ago.8、过去完成时表示过去某时开始，一直持续到另一时间和状态。即动作完成于某个过去时间之前。常用的时间状语：由by，before等词构成的表示时间的介词短语。“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。例：We had not heard from him by the end of last year.She said she had learned French for six years.Step4. Practice and make sentences.Step5. Do some exercises.1. They _since the factory opened. A. had worked here B. have worked here C. are working here D. worked here2.-Have you read this book? -Yes. I _it two weeks ago. A .is reading B. have read C. will read D. read3. If he _harder, he will catch up with us soon. A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied4. -May I speak to John? -Sorry, he _Japan. But he _in two days. A. has been to, will come back B. has gone to, will be back C. has been in, would come back D. has gone to, wont come back5. Bad luck! We _Mount Huang when it rained heavily. A. climbed B. were climbing C. are climbing D. have climbed6. Keep quiet, please. They _a meeting right now. A. have B. had C. are having D. have had7. Lily said that she_