Book3 Unit1.doc

Unit 1 Passage A Integrated Book III Passage A Care for Our Mother Earth Appendix C: Words and expressions 1. isolate v. to set apart or cut off from others 分开；隔断; 把分开或与其他的事物隔断 Presleys early success isolated him from his friends. This policy could isolate the country from other members of the United Nations. The farm is isolated; the nearest house is 30 kilometers away. 这个农场与世隔绝，离它最近的住家在30 公里以外。 Several villages have been isolated by the floods. 洪水使好几座村庄与外界隔绝了。 2. be blind to to completely fail to notice or realize something They seemed to be blind to the consequences of their decision. Davids good looks and impeccable manners had always made Rebecca blind to his faults. be deaf to: unwilling or refusing to listen; heedless: 充耳不闻的，拒绝听的；不注意的： He was deaf to our obj ections. 他对我们的异议充耳不闻 3. consequence n. something that happens as a result of a particular action or set of conditions The safety procedures had been ignored, with potentially tragic consequences. Acceptance of what has happened is the first step to overcoming the consequences of any misfortune. Compare: effect, consequence, result, outcome These nouns denote something, such as an occurrence, a situation, or a condition, that is brought about by a cause. An effect is produced by the action of an agent or a cause and follows it in time: Every cause produces more than one effect. (Herbert Spencer). A consequence also follows a cause and is traceable to it, but the relationship between them is less sharply definable: Servitude is at once the consequence of his crime and the punishment of his guilt” (John P. Curran). “强制劳动立即成为他犯罪的结果和对其罪行的惩罚”（约翰P 卡伦）。 A result is an effect, or the last in a series of effects, that is viewed as the end product of the operation of the cause: Judging from the results I have seen . . . I cannot say . . . that I agree with you. (William H. Mallock). “从我看到的后果来看我不能说我同意你”（威廉H 马洛 ）。 An outcome is a result but more strongly than result implies finality and may suggest the operation of a cause over a relatively long period. If you had refused, the outcome would probably not have been very different. 4. deforest v. to cut down or destroy trees The 400,000 square kilometers of the Amazon basin have already been deforested. The decision to deforest the area for an airport is strongly opposed by the local residents. afforest v. to convert (open land) into a forest by planting trees or their seeds 造林，绿化，通过植树或播撒树种变 （荒地）为森林 5. global adj . affecting or including the whole world AIDS is a global problem which requires global efforts. The representatives from some developing countries claim that global economy does not give them a fair chance. global war; global monetary policies. 世界战争；全球金融政策 6. purify v. to remove the dirty or unwanted parts from something Purify the water before drinking it. It is said that purified water has removed minerals useful to our health. 7. evaporate v. to (make) change into vapor The water is evaporated by the sun. The police failed to find any witness; it seemed that they all evaporated. 8. atmosphere n. the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth The space shuttle will re-enter the Earths atmosphere tomorrow morning. The Partial Test-Ban Treaty bans nuclear testing in the atmosphere. 9. downwind adj . in the direction that the wind is moving The downwind region of the nuclear test site can hardly attract investment for development. The tiger approached the deer from the downwind bushes. 10. source n. a thing, place, activity etc. that you get something from In that remote region radio is the main source of information. Renewable sources of energy must be used where practical. Compare: origin, source, root These nouns signify the point at which something originates. Origin is the point at which something comes into existence: The origins of some words are unknown. 这些词的起源是不知的。 When origin refers to people, it means parentage or ancestry: 当origin 指人时，它的意思是父母双亲或出身：“Man with all his noble qualities . . . still bears in his bodily frame the indelible stamp of his lowly origin” Charles Darwin). “人尽管有着他所有的高贵品质但仍在 其身上有出身低微的抹不掉的烙印”（查尔斯达尔文）。 He came . . . of mixed French and Scottish origin” (Charlotte Bront). “他有着法国和苏格兰的混合血统”（夏洛蒂勃朗特）。 Source can refer to the point of origin of a stream or a river: Source 指溪流或河流的发源 点：“the Alpine sources of the Rhine” (John Foster Kirk). In another sense the term signifies the point at which something springs into being or from which it derives or is obtained: “莱茵河源自阿尔卑斯山”（约翰弗斯特柯 ）。 Root often denotes what is considered the fundamental cause of or basic reason for something. Lack of money is the root of all evil. (George Bernard Shaw). “缺钱是所有罪恶的根 源”（乔 伯纳德肖）。 Most of the problems a President has to face have their roots in the past” (Harry S Truman). “一位总统不得不面临的大多数问题都是有前因的。”（哈利S 杜鲁门） 11. result from to happen or exist as a result of something Those problems resulted from the poor management. Many hair problems result from what one eats. result in to make something happen; cause Fifty percent of road accidents result in head injuries. Regular trips back to her adopted motherland have resulted in her first book, Tiger Balm. 12. release v. to stop holding something that you have been holding tightly or carefully Thejudge agreed to release the prisoner in consideration of his worsening health. Thousands of balloons were released at the beginning of the rally. 13. trap v. to prevent someone from escaping from a dangerous place The greenhouse stays warm because the glass traps the heat of the sun. 14. all the way to emphasize how long a distance is Football fans came all the way from every corner of the world. Beauty is only skin deep, but ugliness goes all the way to the bone! 15. impact on to have an important or noticeable effect on someone or something How will this program impact on the local community? Falling export rates have impacted on the countrys economy quite considerably. 16. specific adj . special, distinctive, or unique Massage may help to increase blood flow to specific areas of the body. This book gives specific instructions on how to make polish leather. 17. priority n. something that must be dealt with as soon as possible and before other less important things Agriculture is still a high priority in most developing countries. Banks normally give priority to large businesses when deciding on loans. 18. prior adj . preceding in time, order, importance, or value She couldnt go to the party because of a prior engagement. 19. element n. one part of a whole system, plan, piece of writing etc. The exchange of prisoners of war was one of the key elements of the UNs peace plan. The movie had all the elements of a hit. 20. inexhaustible adj . existing in such large amounts that it can never be finished or used up The terrorists seem to have an inexhaustible supply of ammunition. His energy was unbounded and his patience inexhaustible. 21. greed n. a strong desire for more money, power, possessions etc than you need That old politician has an insatiable greed of personal power. If were looking for the sources of our troubles, we should test people for stupidity, ignorance, greed and love of power. 22. convenience n. the quality of being suitable for a particular purpose, especially because it is easy to use or saves you energy Many women prefer the convenience of working at home while their children are small. I decided to buy the house for the convenience of living near to my parents. 23. convenient adj . suited or favorable to ones comfort, purpose, or needs I find my bike a very convenient way of getting around. 24. addicted adj . liking to do or have something so much you do not want to stop Some students are so addicted to computer games that they neglect their studies. The girl is addicted to chocolate. 25. nurture v. to feed or take care of a child or a plant while it is growing Parents want to know the best way to nurture and raise their children. Nurture your mind with great thoughts. (Benjamin Disraeli) 26. take action to follow the process of doing in order to deal with a problem or difficult situation The police took firm action to deal with the riots. The government is taking emergency action to deal with the power shortage. 27. strategy n. a general plan or set of plans intended to achieve something, especially over a long period Community involvement is now important t