四级传统阅读四选一解题思路ppt

四级传统阅读四选一解题思路ppt “四级四选一传统阅读”解体思路分析新四级题型、分值、时间一览表总分百分比实际分值及格分数答题时间写作15%106.563.930分钟快速阅读10%7142.615分钟听力35%248.5149.135分钟篇章词汇理解+两篇深度理解25%177.5106.525分钟完形填空10%7142.615分钟翻译5%35.521.35分钟新四级各题型分值分布听力35%共248.535道题平均每题7.1分听力对话15%，听力对话部分包括短对话和长对话的听力理解，听力短文选择题型的短文理解（10%）和复合式听写（10%）阅读共计35%共248.5快速阅读10%71分平均每题7.1分篇章词汇理解（15选10）5%35.5分平均每题3.55分两篇传统阅读20%142分平均每题14.2分完形10%共71分平均每题7.1分写作加翻译共142分翻译5%共35.5平均每题7.1分写作15%106.5各院系通过率一览（待完善）参加人数通过人数通过率最高分/最低分平均分人文社科1033433%541/309407地球科学1715733%549/247396.94经管26011042%564/249362.91仪器822632%529/284399.79各题型得分统计（待完善）完形填空听力作文和翻译阅读地球科学43.1135.781.7136.5仪器45.3134.783.7136经管39.1125.974.6123.2及格分数42.6149.185.2149.1篇章阅读四选一阅读习惯1浏览首段、段落首句、末段2看题，细节题优先两大原则1定位原则题目顺序与原文行文相对应原文与题干表达对应部分作路标2替换原则对应性同义替换（广谱性原则，极其重要）取反性同义替换解释性同义替换归纳性同义替换对应性同义替换The$11billion self-help industryis builton theidea thatyou shouldturn negativethoughts likeI neverdo anythingrightinto positiveones likeI cansueed.But waspositive thinkingadvocate Norman Vincent Pealeright?Is therepower inpositive thinking?（xx.6）Q:What dowe learnfrom the first paragraphabout theself-help industry?A)It isa highlyprofitable industry.B)It isbased on the conceptof positivethinking.C)It wasestablished byNormanVincentPeale.D)It hasyielded positiveresults.showing thatwhen peopleget feedbackwhich theybelieve isoverly positive,they actuallyfeel worse,not better.If youtell yourdim friendthat he has thepotential ofan Einstein,you?re justunderlining hisfaults.In one1990s experiment,a teamincluding psychologistJoel Cooperof Princetonasked participantsto writeessays opposingfunding forthe disabled.When theessayists werelater praisedfor theirsympathy,they felteven worseabout whatthey hadwritten.（xx.6）64.What does the authormean byyoure justunderlining hisfaults(Line4,Para.3)?A)You arenot takinghis mistakesseriously enough.B)You arepointing outthe errorshehasmitted.C)You areemphasizing thefact thathe is not intelligent.D)You aretrying tomake himfeel betterabout hisfaults.取反性同义替换Moral declinewill not be reverseduntil peoplefind waysto counterthe materialismin society,she says.Slowly,you recognizethat thethings thatmatter arethose thatcantbebought.Q:Aording tothis paragraph,the currentmoral declinemay bereversed_.A.if peoplecan returnto thegolden AgeB.when womenand menenjoy equalrights.C.when peoplerid themselvesof prejudice.D.if lessemphasis islaid onmaterial things.归纳性同义替换1Apple,orange,and bananaare hisfavorite.2He lovesto eatsome kindsof fruit.解释性同义转换1In1993，New YorkState orderedstores tocharge adeposit onbeverage containers.2Consumers hadto payfor beveragecontainers andcould gettheir moneyback onreturning them.重要信息的位置1.以下词组提示下文所涉及的重要信息The main/important point/conclusion/reason.The pointto notehere2.but和however表示对比，常常用来提示重要信息，例The risingbirth rateisnotdue toincreased fertility,but toa sharpdecline in the deathrate.3.在文中提问可以突出问题后的答案，提示读者答案中有重要信息，例如Why isa pipedwater supplyso important?Disease dueto contaminatedwater isa moncause ofdeath in childhood.4.有时，为了保证读者完全理解自己的观点，作者会在文中反复提出自己的观点，例如Death controlcan beachieved autonomously.In otherwords,the deathrate canbe cutwithout anythingelse changing.出题点与定位点 (1)因果关系送分题目显性because,the reasonis,so,therefore.That was thefirstmode fora blackbox,which becamea requirementon allU.S.mercial flightsby1960.Early models often failedto withstandcrashes,however,so in1965the devicewas pletelyredesigned andmoved to the rearof theplanethe arealeast subjectto impactfrom itsoriginal positionin thelanding wells(起落架舱).59.Why wasthe blackbox redesignedin1965?A)New materialsbecame availableby thattime.B)Too muchspace wasneeded forits installation.C)The earlymodelsoftengot damagedin thecrash.D)The earlymodels didnt providethe neededdata.出题点与点位点 (2)隐性因果关系1不定式to do,或since,as,forThe sameyear,the FederalAviation Authorityrequired that the boxes,which werenever actuallyblack,be paintedorange oryellow toaid visibility.59.Why didthe FederalAviation Authorityrequire theblack boxesbe paintedorange oryellow?A)To distinguishthem fromthe colorof theplane.B)To cautionpeople tohandle themwith care.C)To makethem easilyidentifiable.D)To conformto internationalstandards.出题点与点位点 (3)隐性因果关系2动词（词组）spring from,lead to,aount for,on aountof,stem from,attribute to,contribute to,give birthto,originate from,produce,derive from,breed(孕育）,generate,result in,induce(导致），conduce to(有助于）for hostsand guests,casual diningmeans greatersimplicity andfort.For makersof fine china inBritain,it spellseconomic hardtimes.31.The trendtoward casualdining hasresulted in_A.Bankruptcy offinechinamanufactures.B.Shrinking of the potteryindustry C.Restructuring oflarge enterprisesD.Economic recessionin GreatBritain出题点与定位点 （4）转折关系出题处however,but,yet,nevertheless,onthecontrary，in fact特点正确信息在转折之后，题干定位在转折之前，但答案在转折之后。 特殊标点符号出题处破折号、括号和冒号例证与观点出题处，比喻处（六级）分清是作者自己的观点，还是作者对别人的观点的理解。 English isstill theinternational languageof business.But thereis anever-growing needfor peoplewho canspeak anotherlanguage.A secondlanguage isnt generallyrequired toget ajob inbusiness,but havinglanguage skillsgives aCandidate theedge whenother qualificationsappear tobe equal.24.Aording tothe passage,what isan importantconsideration ofinternational corporationsin employingpeople today?A)Connections withbusinesses overseas.B)Ability tospeak theclients language.C)Technical know-how.D)Business experience.主旨型出题形式原则放在最后作答，避免文章的局部细节。 1主题型main idea/subject/theme/point mainlydiscusses mainly/primarily concernwhich ofthe followingbest describesthis passageas awhole?2标题型best titlethe titlethat bestexpresses thetheme ofthis passage3目的型the purposeofthewriter inwriting thispassage istothepassage ismeant toWhatsthe author tryingto tellus?Whatsthemessage theauthor intendsto convey?作者态度题attitude，tone潜在判断1加入形容词定语A)His words were few.B)His interestingwordswerefew.2加入副词状语He suessfullymakes thetravel plan.They speakclumsily.3特殊动词fail,ignore,overestimate Somepessimistic expertsfeel thatthe automobileis boundto fallinto disuse.They seea dayinthenot-too-distant futurewhen allautos willbe abandonedand allowedto rust.Other authorities,however,think theauto ishere tostay.They holdthatthecar willremain aleading meansof urbantravel inthe foreseeablefuture.25.What istheauthors attitudetoward thefuture ofautos?A.Enthusiastic B.Pessimistic C.Optimistic D.Cautious错误选项特征1含义肯定、绝对的一般不是答案；绝对must，always，never,the most，all,only,sole,entirely,every,absolutely,totally相对may,usually,might,most，more orless，relatively，be likelyto，nearly，possibly,not enough,suggest,seem,part，partial，some(someone，somebody,sometime,something,certain2与定位点意思相反或未提及信息；3提及但不是定位点的信息；4夸大文章的结论，抑或将文