建筑设计中英对照表.docx

建筑设计中英对照表房屋各部分Parts of house屋面roof屋脊ridge坡屋顶pitched roof单坡屋顶pent roof, lean-to roof人字屋顶gable roof四坡顶hipped roof屋面排水沟valley卷材防水屋面membrane roof找平层screed-coat防水层damp-proof course泛水flashing屋顶层garret阁楼penthouse, loft, attic天台roof-deck晒台drying stage组合烟囱chimney stack屋檐eave屋面排水roofing drainage檐沟，明沟gutter水落管down-pipe, downspout雨棚canopy, awning柱廊colonnade走廊corridor中庭atrium山墙gable女儿墙parapet山花pediment隅石砌quoins阳台balcony, veranda阳台栏杆balustrade阳台栏杆柱baluster, banister平台terrace台阶steps梯子ladder梯级step楼梯staircase(step)楼梯踏步平板tread楼梯踏步竖板riser楼梯休息平台landing直角转弯平台 quarter-space landing梯宽run of stair梯高rise of stair楼梯扶手rail, railing回转梯 corkscrew staircase，caracole踏步突沿nosing窗子window 百叶窗blinds, louvers旋转窗balance window平开窗，窗叶casement窗扇sash中旋窗awning window上下推拉窗 double-hung window屋顶通气窗clerestory门窗亮子transom窗框window frame窗台sill，cill采光顶sunroof天窗sunlight老虎窗dormer-window通风窗ventlight落地窗French window墙壁wall承重墙bearing wall隔间partition空心墙cavity wall防火隔断(分区) compartmentation剪力墙shear panel墙裙wainscot窗间墙pier幕墙curtain wall电梯elevator, lift自动扶梯escalator地板，楼面floor夹层楼面entresol，mezzanine楼座balcony楼板slab天花板ceiling壁炉andiron，fireplace，grate地下室basement防火fire-cut防火门fire door耐热涂料heat-resisting paints绝热heat insulation门槛head-rail, sill柱子column，post，pillar柱头column cap, head斜撑knee brace悬索catenary梁beam基础梁grade beam钢板梁plate girder工字梁I-beam过梁lintel, lintol, head椽子purlin基础foundation碎石垫层hard core混凝土地基concrete foundation基座、柱础pedestal独立基础isolated footing放大基础spreading footing条形基础strip footing筏式基础mat foundation浮筏基础floating foundation沉箱基础caisson化粪池cesspool, septic tank伸缩缝expansion joint冷桥thermal bridge散水wash, apron披水板weathering-board桁架truss组合桁架composite truss框架framework模板formwork拱券arch穹顶dome平拱flat arch筒拱vault, vaulted roof半圆穹顶concha瓦shingle, tile砖brick瓷砖ceramic tile玻璃砖glass blocks大理石marble花岗岩granite水磨石terrazzo砌块masonry混凝土concrete预制混凝土pre-cast concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete钢筋steel reinforcement水泥cement抹灰，灰泥plaster, stucco熟石灰 hydrate of lime, slaked-lime砂浆mortar抹灰层floated coat饰面finish木砖grounds, timber brick石膏gypsum石膏板plaster slab夹胶玻璃plyglass胶合板plywood, clip-board脚手架scaffolding悬臂cantilever叠涩，牛腿corbel遮阳sun shading制图与构图用语草图sketch, draft图纸drawing施工图working drawings工程project方案plan总图grid总平面site平面floor立面elevation正立面facade剖面section详图detail门厅上部upper foyer比例尺scale=透视图，表现图rendering 透视perspective轴测 isometric perspective Axonometric projection轴线axis建筑面积floor area, architecture area相对标高relative elevation/level层高，净空headroom, headway室内interior室外exterior室内装修interior decoration装饰ornament广场square, plaza, public square流线circulation解构deconstruction空间space, spatial比例proportion统一unity均衡balance协调harmony尺度scale韵律rhythm风格style功能function关系relationship房屋 House高层建筑 high-rise building社区 housing complex家舍 house茅舍 cottage平房 one-story house，bungalow， plain-house二楼 two-story house公寓(建筑)apartment house公寓(房间)apartment(flat)(英)别墅 villa花园洋房 garden house寄宿舍 dormitory(美)供膳出租房间 board and lodging出租房间 room for rent(美)乡村旅舍 country inn供膳寄宿舍 boardinghouse 大厦 mansions, edifice大楼 building预制装配式房屋pre-fabricate house小木屋shack一个单元one unit 车库garage报告厅 auditorium, lecture hall多功能厅 multi-use hall阅览室browsing room, reading room茶室 refreshment room操作间 cab, utility room居住 Dwelling套房suit主人套房master suit门厅，前厅lobby大厅hall, main hall过厅gallery起居间living RM，family RM聚会厅 gathering RM，keeping RM休息厅lounge, sitting RM客厅parlor衣帽间cloakroom更衣、衣橱间walk-in-closet, W.I.C.厨房kitchen餐厅dinning room早餐厅nook, breakfast room食品、餐具间pantry, butlery浴室，洗手间bathroom盥洗室toilet room卫生间water closet, W.C.前室，门厅foyer寝室，卧房bedroom主人房master bedroom书斋，书房study, library工作室，画室studio私室，书斋den化妆室boudoir, dressing RM, powder RM婴儿室nursery客房guestroom壁厨closet, ambry洗衣间laundry room地窖cellar储藏室storage健身房exercise RM服务入口service entry换鞋处mud room游艺室games room活动室activities room音乐室music alcove工人房maid bedroom台球室billiards room温室greenhouse家具 Furniture方桌square table圆桌round table长方桌rectangle table伸缩桌extension table小桌side table凳子stool有肘的椅子armchair摇椅，安乐椅rocking chair藤椅rattan chair塑料椅plastic chair帆布椅deck chair折椅folding chair沙发sofa长椅couch桌子，餐桌table玻璃桌子glass table塑料桌子acrylic table木制饭桌wooden-table庭院 Yard家宅院messuage门廊porch, covered porch敞廊loggia前院front yard(美)；forecourt中院(英) court yard后院back-yard(美)侧院quiet yard小庭院garth天井patio, patios, hypaethral花园garden树篱hedge围场enclosure花架arbor bower草坪lawn花坛flowerbed灌木bush, brush撒水器sprinkler假山rockery亭子，阁楼pavillion小径path车道driveway游泳池pool围墙fence前门 Front door会发谐音钟声的门 door chime警报器buzzer门铃doorbell门环doorknocker窥孔peephole门把knob门柱doorjamb锁眼keyhole转门swinging door折门fold-away (accordion) door冷暖气 Cooling and heating电风扇 electric fan煤气暖炉 gas heater (stove)石油暖炉 kerosene heater(=stove)电暖炉 electric heater(=stove)暖气片 panel heating散热器 radiator冷气机 air cooler空调机 air-conditioner中央暖气 central heating(system)局部暖气 space heating几何名词直线line曲线curve圆弧arc圆circle椭圆ellipse三角形triangle正方形square矩形rectangle多边形polygon螺旋线spiral平行六面体 parallelepiped球体sphere半球hemisphere相关专业名称结构 structure电气 electric work给排水 plumbing暖通 HVAC, Heating/Ventilation/Air Condition城市规划 city planning其他GRC 玻璃纤维增强复合材料(Glass-fiber Reinforced Composite) PVC聚氯乙烯建构 tectonic风格 style古典主义 Classicalism哥特复兴式 Gothic Revival巴洛克风格 Baroque洛可