b5u1基础知识回顾一.doc

Unit 1 Great Scientists 基础知识回顾（一）I.重点词汇1.n特征；特性_ 2.n挑战_ 3. n专家；行家；adj熟练的；经验知识丰富的_ 4.v分析_ 5. v照顾；护理；出席；参加_ 6. n治愈；v治疗_7. n受害者_ 8. v吸收；吸引；使专心_9. v怀疑_10. adj严重的；剧烈的；严厉的_adv_ 11. v预见；预知_ （过去式)_ （过去分词）_12. v污染_ n污染；污染物_13. v责备；谴责；n过失；责备_ 14.v处理；操纵；n把手_ 15.v宣布；通告_ 16.v建设；修建_ n建设；建筑物_17. v捐献；贡献；捐助_ n_ 18v打败；战胜；使受挫折；n失败_ 19. 科学的_20. 除.之外；此外_ 21. 使.显露；暴露_ 22. 得出结论_23.提出_ 24.应受到责备_ 25. 专心于.；专注于._II. 根据句意和单词首字母或括号内汉语，写出单词的正确形式。1. What are the_ (特征,特性) of the medicine?2. The scientists are doing s_ research on the rats. 3. Examine the results carefully, and you will make a c_. 4. He was _(被战胜)at chess last night. 5. The babies are well a_ to in the nursery. 6. Its very dangerous to be e_ to SARS patients without any protection. 7. The teacher_ (宣布) that we would have a few days off. 8. Who is to b_ for the accident?9. He found out that the water p_ by the factory was the cause of the disease. 10. Everyone should c_ what he or she can afford to help the poor.III. 短语填空1.Who _ _this suggestion? Its very useful. 2. _ _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to our skin. 3. Which books will you borrow, _ _this one?4. Not I but Tom _ _ _ for the car accident. 5. The little girl _ _ _reading a novel when I came in. IV. 语法填空 John Snow was born and worked as a doctor in Great Britain. He was so expert that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. At the time he lived, cholera was the most 1._(frighten) disease. There was 2._ outbreak in 1854. It hit there 3._(severe) and more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined 4._(find) out the cause of it. He marked the exact places 5._ all the dead people had lived in two particular streets. After he made further 6._(investigation) he found that the water seemed 7._(blame). He found that it came from the river 8._(pollute) by the dirty water from London. He suggested that all the source of the water supplies 9._(examine). The water companies were instructed not to expose people10. _ polluted water any more. Finally, “King Cholera”was defeated. V 阅读理解 Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease（疾病） called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find acure.At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didnt eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a persons food. Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they dont, they can also take vitamin pills.1.The underlined word “cure” in Paragraph 1 probably means _ A. A kind of rice B. A kind of vitamin C. A kind of germ D. A medical treatment2. Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to _. A. Find ways to grow better crops B. Do some research about the island C. Spend his holiday D. Help the Javanese with their illness3. Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens? A. To eat them B. To give the Javanese a surprise. C. To carry out his experiments D. To make money by selling them.4. If a person doesnt get enough vitamins in his diet, hed better _. A. Eat vitamin pills B. Eat more meat C. Eat some chicken D. Eat more rice5. We can learn from the passage that _. A.beri-beri was caused by chickens B.Christian Eijkmans experiment was successful C.the Javanese didnt like vitamins D.the Javaneses disease was caused by a kind of germ参考答案：II. 1. characteristics 2. scientific 3. conclusion4. defeated 5. attended 6. exposed 7. announced 8. blame 9. polluted 10. c