考研英语申请信写作介绍及经典范文.doc

考研英语申请信写作介绍及经典范文当一个人想得到某种机会或某些东西，如申请得到奖学金、求学、申请出国签证等，往往通过申请信来请求。申请信如何分段，没有严格的规定，其内容一般应包括以下三个部分：申请的具体内容和缘由；自己的情况和条件；提出要求，如回信、面试等等。 对于不同的申请内容，在介绍自己情况的时候也要有不同的侧重。例如在求学信中，应比较侧重介绍自己已有的学位及专业情况；在申请留学经济资助的信中，应着重介绍自己的学业及学术水平，因为国外很多学校颁发奖学金是以此为标准的。 写申请信应注意：第一，语气要诚挚友好千万不要表现出强求的意思；第二，对于申请的内容和原因一定要写得非常清楚；第三，尽管不能表现出强求的意思，但是期望得到的心情一定要表达出来。 以下是两封申请信，第一封是求学信，另一封是申请留学资助的，第一封信用的是齐头式，第二封信用的是缩进式，信头和信内地址都已省略。 Directions: You are a student of Huabei University,. Write an application to get a scholarship for your graduate study in another university in America. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter,using “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. 参考范文之一 Dear Sir or Madam: I am writing to apply for admission to your university to pursue my M.S. degree. I have read the annual prospectus issued by your university and found that it has the best graduate program of chemistry. I am greatly interested in the program. I graduated in 2004 from Huabei University, majoring in Chemistry and holding a B. S. degree. At university, I took many fundamental courses in Chemistry and my English is excellent as I had served as the head of English Association for two years. Since then I have been teaching Chemistry in Beijing Normal University. Through my teaching experience, I have not only deepened my understanding in this field, but mastered many complicated research skills as well. Two of my former professors and the present dean of our department have kindly written letters of recommendation for me, as enclosed with this letter. Thank you very much. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely yours, Li Ming 参考范文之二 Dear Sir or Madam: I wish to apply for admission to your department as a graduate student. I am writing to ask whether it will be possible for you to grant me a full scholarship, considering my academic record and the fact that I have no relatives or friends in America who can act as my sponsor. I completed a four-year course in chemistry at Beijing University last June. During my four years in the university, I have passed all the required courses of study with satisfactory marks. With Chemistry as my major, I minored in Physics and Mathematics. Enclosed herewith is my transcript from the department concerned. My English is very good. I have been learning English since early childhood with the help of my father who is a professor of English in Fudan University, Shanghai. I therefore believe that I will not have language difficulties while studying in the United States. I should be most grateful if you would give my request favorable consideration. Thank you very much and look forward to your reply. Sincerely yours, Li Ming考研英语写作常见题型-提纲题型写作如果考生想在较短的时间内对考研英语写作有所认识、有所突破，首先应该了解考研英语写作常见题型，并弄懂各种题型的写作技巧，然后进行有针对性的练习，并且研读相关范文。考研英语写作中的常见题型如下： 1.提纲题型写作 1)写作要点 认真研究所给提纲 考生要注意领会提纲的含义，不要遗漏提纲要点或错误理解提纲的意思。 确定各段的主题句 考生应根据所给提纲写出各段的主题句，合格的主题句应具备以下四个要点： 意义完整主题句结构要完整，即结构符合语法规则；意义要完整，即主题句是一个符合逻辑的完整命题。 表意清晰主题句要清晰明确，不使用意思含混的词或句子。 内容具体主题句的内容要明确具体，否则不利于段落的拓展。 用词贴切主题句一定要用词准确，简明达意，使段落的拓展有一个良好的基础。 逐步展开段落 段落写作应围绕自己列好的主题句进行，在写作过程中可稍加调整。 检查与修改 检查考题所给提纲是否准确且完整地被表达于文章之中，如有偏差，应作出相应的修改。 2)提纲题型写作试题实例写作题目Title: THE“PROJECT HOPE”Outline: 1. Present situation 2. Necessity of the project 3. My suggestion 参考范文： Education plays a very significant role in the modernization of our country. There are, however, still a large number of school-agers in remote and isolated rural areas who cant afford to go to school because of their financial predicament. This is a very serious problem which needs to be resolved as soon as possible. Thus, the Chinese authorities have worked out a plan to assist them financially, which is called“Project Hope”. This project, I do believe, is of most importance and necessity. To begin with, as a developing country, China is unlikely to inject a huge amount of money in education at present. So education has to turn to the general public to find its way out. Secondly, with the financial assistance of the general public, many of the poor children who have dropped out of school can go back to go on with their schooling. This will, in turn, contribute a great deal to the expansion of the rural economy in our remote and isolated rural areas. Apparently, the Project Hope is of profound significance for the modernization of our country. As for me, a university student, my suggestions are as follows. In the first place, our government should encourage more of the public in cities to finance the project. In addition, it is most necessary to set up a special foundation to receive the contributions donated by the public at home and abroad. Last but not least, those in charge of the project are supposed to make sure that the money is directly sent to the families whose children have dropped out of school. In short, I am convinced that the project will be fruitful and successful in the long run. (284 words) 考研英语写作常见题型-图画题型写作2.图画题型写作 图画题型写作是较难的题型之一，近两年考研英语写作试题均为图画题型，故考生应该认真对待。面对此类题型，考生应首先确定主题，然后再动笔。 1)图画题型写作要点 详细查看图画。考生应对图画进行全面而细致的研究，尤其注意图画中人或物(人与物)的体貌表情特征和背景，确定人物之间，人物与背景之间的主要关系，以便正确掌握图画所传达的信息。 如果图画以系列形式(既两幅以上)出现，考生除了掌握每一幅图画的信息，还应该对图画之间的相应联系有所理解，从而在整体上把握图画所传达的信息。 面对图画题型，考生应该展开合理而丰富的联想，用生动而恰当的言辞抒发自己对图画的所思所想所感。 注意图画题型中的文字提示。文字提示非常重要，文字提示通常十分清楚地提供一些写作要点。 草拟提纲，合理组织材料。根据图画内容的不同采用不同的段落发展方式。如果画面内容是以描述为主，即按空间方位或时间先后顺序排列，可采用“开头扩展结尾”的写作方式。如果画面内容是以解释说明为主，写作时则先给出主题句，再围绕主题句完成各段落的写作，这是采用“主题句扩展句总结句”的写作方式。 系统且突出地展开段落。展开段落要根据画面内容进行，同时也要围绕每一段的主题句进行。 检查与修改。考生应重点检查图画内容是否准确地被表达出来，题目所给提示是否完整地反映在文章之中。如果存在与画面不相符的内容，或未能完全涵盖题目所给提示，考生应对文章做出相应修订。 2)图画题型写作试题实例 写作题目 Directions: Study the pictures carefully and write an essay about 200 words based on the following: 1. describe the set of drawings and interpret its meaning 2. point out its implications in our life 参考范文： Shakespeare has ever stated that I came, I suffered and I survived, which gives us much for thought about our life and development. The set of drawings above vividly depicts the destiny of a flower in two different living circumstances. As is shown in the first drawing, the flower is placed in a cozy green house which shelters it from the severe wind and storm. With proper temperature and other good conditions, the flower is growing in full bloom. In contrast, when removed from the green house and exposed to the wind and storm, the flower immediately fades and withers, with most of its petals cast about on the ground. The purpose of the drawings is to reveal the fact that the flower growing in the green house can not withstand the ordeal of the wind and storm, yet the implied meaning subtly conveyed should be takensintosaccount more seriously. The weak flower is naturally associated with our young people, to be exact, the only children in our current society; the green house epitomizes our parentsexcessive doting care and material supplies that can protect the children from the wind and storm, to be specific, the harsh reality. Once our young people begin to seek independence and face challenges from the real competitive world, they are found too spoiled to be strong enough to endure the hardships and difficulties of various sorts. In sum, it is essential for our young people to derive positive implications from the above thought-provoking drawings. On the one hand, we can frequently employ them to enlighten ourselves to be more independent in life. On the other hand, our parents should be sensible enough to offer children more right and freedom to cope with their own troubles and problems. Only by undergoing more predicaments can young people develop strong personality and ability needed in the future, and only in this way can they eventually become winners in our competitive changing world. (326 words)3.表格和图表题型写作目前，表格和图表题型是考研英语写作中较为常见的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型，故考生应对此类题型加强练习，熟练掌握。 1)表格和图表题型写作要点 考生应仔细研究题目以及提示信息，看准、看清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定内容层次以及主题句。 考生应该仔细观察分析图表所给出的大量信息，从中选取最重要，最有代表性，最核心的信息，然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。考生应切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。 表格和图表题型写作一般采用一般现在时，但如果图表给出了具体时间参照，考生则应对时态进行相应的调整。 表格和图表题型要求考生使用一些固定句型和表达法，考生应对此融会贯通。 表格和图表题型可以细分为表格，曲线图、柱形图和圆形图。除了上述共同要点，考生还应弄懂这四种图在写作方面的各自特点。 表格形式要求考生对表格中所给出的大量数字进行比较分析，从中找出其变化规律。 曲线图形式要求考生认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息，并且密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位。 柱形图形式要求考生通过宽度相等的柱形的高度或长度差别来判断事物的动态发展趋势，故考生应密切关注坐标线上的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明与文字。 圆形图形式旨在要求考生准确理解并阐述一个被分割成大小不等切片的圆形图所传达的信息。考生应清楚掌握部分与整体，部分与部分之间的相互关系，这种关系通常是以百分比的数字形式给出的。 列出各段的主题句。考生可以根据所给提纲或已知信息列出每段的主题句，为全文的展开铺平道路。 严格围绕主题句展开段落。 检查与修改。表格与图表写作的检查与修改应着重检查文章中所列举的信息是否与图表所显示的信息一致。 2)表格和图表题型的核心句型 3)表格和图表题型写作试题实例 写作题目 Directions: A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in about 200 words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET. C. Your essay should cover these three points: 1. effect of the countrys growing human population on its wildlife 2. possible reason for the effect 3. your suggestion for the wildlife protection 参考范文 As is shown by the two graphs, during the period of time from 1800 to 1900, with the explosive growth of the U.S. population, the number of species no longer existing shot up, amounting to 70 in 1990. It is apparent that the population explosion resulted in the sharp decline in the wildlife of the country. What brought about this phenomenon? There are, I do think, two possible reasons for the fact. To begin with, the ever-increasing population needs more land to grow crops and more space to live in. Consequently, there is less and less niche in the U.S. for wildlife. Moreover, a number of newly built factories keep discharging harmful gases and liquids, which seriously pollute the environment. This has disturbed the ecological balance, contributing to the extinction of some wildlife. In my view, three strong measures should be taken to solve the problem. In the first place, the birth rate in the U.S. must be put under control because the rapidly growing population leads to serious environmental crisis. Secondly, the U.S. government is supposed to create as many nature reserves as possibleswheresall the native species of wild animals can be kept from being hunted and all the native species of plants can grow vigorously. Last and not least, it is urgent for the authorities to set up a foundation to reward those who do much to protect wildlife. (233 words)4.情景题型写作 1)情景题型写作要点 情景题型写作没有具体题目，仅仅规定一定的情景，这是一种指导性较强的写作题型，考生千万不要脱离情景，而应严格依照题目所规定的情景构思短文。特别注意以下几点： 情景式写作要求考生在题目规定的情景内展开构思，组织内容。 仔细审题。考生应明确题目所提供的情景，是论证还是说明，是叙事还是写景。 确定段落与主题句。各段的主题句使文章有条有理，同时也使考生对自己所要表达的内容有更具体的把握。 平稳地展开段落。主题句一经确定，考生便可以围绕主题句，展开段落，完成全文的写作。段落的展开应该建立在段落情景基础之上，每段的重点都应集中于描述情景规定内容。 考生的每一词每一句应紧扣情景，突出重点，前后连贯，表达清楚，符合逻辑。 明确题型种类。情景写作可根据内容写成不同文体，如记叙文、论说文、书信报告等，故考生应该注意灵活运用相应文体的写作方法与技巧。 认真检查与修改。考生应重点检查是否完全准确地包含了情景所要求的各方面内容，是否有与情景相悖或不相关的内容。 2)情景题型写作实例 考试题目： Some people hold onto the idea that money and property offer more opportunities for success in our society; others think that education provide more opportunities for success in our society. Present your perspective on the issue, using relevant reasons and/or examples to support your views. 参考范文： Which factor offers more opportunities for success in our society: education or money and property? In my view, education has replaced money and property as the main provider of such opportunities today. I base my view on two reasons. First, educationparticularly higher educationused to be amiable only to the wealthy but now is accessible to almost anyone. Second, because of the civil-rights movement and resulting laws, businesses are now required to hire on the basis of merit rather than the kinds of personal relations traditionally common among the wealthy. Education always plays a key role in determining ones opportunities for success. But in the past, good post-secondary education was available mainly to the privileged classes. Because money and property largely determined ones access to higher education, money and property really were the critical factors in opening doors to success. However, higher education is more egalitarian today. Given our vast numbers of state universities and financial-aid programs, virtually anyone who meets entrance requirements for college can obtain an excellent college education and open up windows of opportunity in life. Another reason those opportunities will be open to educated young people from middle-class and poorer backgrounds is that hiring is more merit-oriented today than ever before. In principle, at least, our country has always been a societyswheresall people are equal: yet in the past, children of the wealthy and well-connected could expect to obtain higher-status jobs and to receive better pay. But the laws and programs resulting from our civil-rights struggles have produced a modern business climate in which jobs are available on an equal-opportunity basis, and in which candidates have a legal right to be judged on the merit of their educational background and experience. In conclusion, education is probably the main factor in opening doors to success for young people in our society. The fact that education has supplanted money and property in this role is attributable to a more egalitarian system of higher education, as well as to more merit-based hiring practices that generally value individual education over family fortune or relation. (347 words)5.摘要题型写作 摘要题型写作是难度非常大的一种写作形式。随着考生英语水平的不断提高，这种题型引起考生的普遍重视。 1)摘要题型写作要点： 动笔之前，考生一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要点。 摘要的长度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一，考试时应遵守规定的字数限制。 在做摘要时考生切忌照搬原文。 摘要应与原文的观点保持一致，并且仍按原文的逻辑顺序排列。 重点反映主要观点，删除细节。 简化从句，用简短的语句代替冗长的语句。 检查与修改时，考生应重点检查是否遗漏了原文的要点或包含了细节。 2)摘要题型写作实例 试题题目 Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 80 words. We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about death, despite the great distance we have come in understanding some of the profound aspects of biology. We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for thinking about it; it is an indelicacy, like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days. Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 billion volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather; we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear. It is when the numbers of dead are very small, and very close, that we begin to think in scurrying circles. At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of ones own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable. We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away. We like to think, hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter. (246 words) 原文要点： 1. continue to have the most confused ideas of death like predecessors 2. avoid talking about death 3. talk about death when millions of people die 4. become confused and anxious when each time the dead people are very few and the death rates are almost equal 5. peoples fearfulness 6. seem to control nature 7. avoid death 参考摘要： People dislike talking about death because they just like their predecessors still have the vaguest ideas of the issue. They talk about death only when million upon millions of people are killed in war. When they find only very few people die each time and the death rates are almost equal, they become very anxious, thinking that next time they themselves will meet their doom. Therefore, they fear very much. However, they have a hope that when they control nature, they can avoid death.(84 words)6.书信题型写作 书信题型写作是常见的功能性写作形式，考生应该对书信写作的具体细节有整体的把握。 1)书信写作要点： 日期 写信人应将写信日期(年、月、日)放在书信正文的右上角，如Jan. 20th , 2004。 称呼 称呼是写信人对收信人的称谓，称呼可以根据收信人的性别、职务、婚姻状况、姓名等个人信息来写，如：Mr. Williams, Mrs. Bush, Professor Li, Dr. Smith, Dear Mum and Dad。如果写信人不清楚收信人的具体姓名、职务等情况，可以写：Dear Sir or Madam、To whom it may concern。 正文 正文是书信的主要部分，在称呼下方隔一或两行处开始。考生写正文时，要分层次进行。书信正文通常由引言、展开段和结尾三个层次组成。 引言引言表明写信人的写信目的和写信背景，一般仅限于一段，一两句话即可。 展开段展开段内容应详实、具体。可以分为若干段来写，每一段围绕一个主题进行展开。 结尾结尾部分通常比引言部分短，使用一两句话表达一下希望或祝愿。 结束语