阅读中推理题解题思路培训讲学

阅读中推理题解题思路培训讲学 要求学生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。 如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。 如In slangthe termjam constitutesa state of beingin whicha personfinds himselfor herselfin adifficult situation.根据上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是“困境”。 定义句的谓语动词多为be,mean,deal with,be considered,to be,refer to,be called,be knownas,define,represent等。 细节推断题例:(xx江苏卷B篇)Your National Park watchdogAttractions DoyouLove the National Park，value itand hopeto safeguardits future?Wish tosee thebeautiful landscapeof the Park protected?Like to enjoy peaceful，informal recreationwithin thePark?Aims TheFriends organization aims areto helpprotect andimprove thePembrokeshire CoastNational Parkfor allto enjoy.We area voluntaryorganization andregistered charitywithout financiallinks to the NationalPark Authority.Activities Weencourage everyooenjoythe NationalPark throughregular talksand visitsto interestingplaces in theParkwith expertguides.We keepan eyeon planningapplications，Park Authoritypolicies andthreats totheNationalPark such as massive leisure plexes.We workwith likemindedorganizations suchas theCampaign forNational Parksto makeour voicemore effective.We helpchildren tounderstand theNationalParkby sponsoringpublications suchas anadventure bookletand projectsin localschools.BenefitsGuided visitsto placesof interestwhich maynot alwaysbe available tothegeneral public.All membersreceive ourregular Newsand Views.Talks byexperts in their fieldson currentissues.A discountis availableon Friendsitems forsale.Satisfaction ofparticipation inwork parties,for thosewilling andabletobe involved.If interested，please pletethe ApplicationForm at.fpnp.uk.思路点拨应用文，以海报形式呈现，内容关于国家公园的介绍以及征募会员介绍。 60.A推理题。 要注意问题是discouraged by，通过文章第三大标题Activities第二段第一句We keepan eyeon planningapplicationssuchasmassiveleisureplexes.可以推断出选A是Friends organization所不支持的，为正确选项。 作者的态度及观点判断题说明文中作者的态度: (1)positive(积极的) (2)negative (3)neutral(中立的) (4)objective (5)disapproval (6)approval (7)sarcastic（讽刺的） (8)critical(批评的) (9)optimistic (10)pessimistic?（xx辽宁B）?About21000young peoplein17American statesdo notattend classesin schoolbuildings.?Instead,they receivetheir elementary(初等)and highschool educationby workingat homeon puters.The centerfor EducationReform says the UnitedStates has67public“cyberschools,”and thatis abouttwice asmany astwo yearsago.?The moneyfor studentsto attenda cyberschooles fromthe governmentsof thestates wherethey live.Some educatorssay cyberschoolsreceive moneythat shouldsupport traditionalpublic schools.They alsosay it is difficultto knowif studentsare learningwell.?Other educatorspraise thisnew formof educationfor lettingstudents workat theirown speed.These peoplesay cyberschoolshelp studentswho wereunhappy orunsuessful intraditional schools.They saylearning athome byputer endslong busrides forchildren wholive farfrom school.?Whatever thejudgement of cyberschools,they aregetting moreand morepopular.For example,a newcyberschool calledmonwealth ConnectionsAcademy willtake instudents thisfall.It willserve childrenin thestateofTennsylvanial fromages fivethrough thirteen.?Children getfree equipmentfor theironline education.This includesa puter,a printer,books andtechnical services.Parents andstudents talkwith teachersby telephoneor bysending emailsthrough theirputers whennecessary.?Students atcyberschools usuallydo notknow oneanother.But56such studentswho finishedstudies atWestern PennsylvaniaCyber CharterSchool recentlymet forthe firsttime.They wereguests ofhonor attheir graduation.?62.We caninfer thatthe authorof the text is_.?A.unprejudiced in his descriptionof cyberschools?B.excited aboutthe futureof cyberschools?C.doubtful aboutthe qualityof cyberschoois?D.disappointed atthe developmentofcyberschools?思路点拨议论文，内容关于网上学校的优缺点的介绍?62.A推理题。 因为文章中既有对其好的方面的论述，又有对不好方面的论述，从中可以推断出作者是不偏不倚的态度。 做这类题时应把握作者的写作思路(如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述)，要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。 摸准逻辑发展的方向，从而作出比较科学的、合情合理的预测。 文章思路、结构、写作意图及写作方法等推测提例(xx四川卷D篇)“Experience maypossibly bethe bestteacher,but itis nota particularlygood teacher.”You mightthink thatWinston Churchillor perhapsMark Twainspoke thosewords,but theyactually efrom JamesMarch,a professorat StanfordUniversity anda pioneerinthefield oforganizational decisionmaking.For yearsMarch(possibly thewisest philosopherof management)has studiedhow humansthink andact,and hecontinues todo soinhisnew bookThe Ambiguitiesof Experience.He beginsby remindingus ofjust howfirmly wehave beensticking tothe ideaof experiential learning:“Experience isrespected;experience issought;experience isexplained.”The problemis thatlearning fromexperience involves(涉及)serious plications(复杂化)，ones thatare part of thenature ofexperience itselfand whichMarch discussesinthebody ofthis book.In oneinteresting part of thebook，for example，he turnsa doubtfuleye towardthe useof storiesas themost effectiveway of experiential learning.In ourefforts tomake storiesinteresting,he argues,we losepartofthe plicatedtruth ofthings.He says“The more aurately(精确的)reality ispresented，the lessunderstandable the story，and themore understandablethestory,the lessrealistic itis.”Besides beinga broadlyknowledgeable researcher,March isalso apoet,and hisgift shinesthrough inthe depthof viewshe offersand thesimple languagehe uses.Though thebook isshort,itisdemanding:Dont pickit uplooking forquick,easy lessons.Rather,be readyto thinkdeeply aboutlearning fromexperience inwork andlife.55What canwe learnfrom Paragraph3?A.Experience makesstories moreaurate.BStories madeinteresting failto fullypresent thetruth.CThe useof storiesis thebest wayofexperientiallearning.DStories areeasier tounderstand whenreality ismoreauratelydescribed.56Whatsthepurpose ofthis text?ATo introducea book.BTo describea researcher.CTo explainexperientiallearning.DTo discussorganizational decisionmaking.【思路点拨】本文主要介绍了组织决策理论大师詹姆斯马奇的一部新书。 55.B推理判断题。 根据第三段中的In ourefforts tomake storiesinteresting,he argues,we lostpartofthe plicatedtruth ofthings.可知有趣的故事无法完全地展现事实，故B项正确。 56.A作者意图题。 文章主要介绍了詹姆斯马奇的一部新书，故选A。 判断材料的主要根据文章的体裁和题材。 一般来说，广告类，时事新闻类，娱乐新闻类，影评，应用文类通常出现在报纸、杂志、海报上。 说明文通常出现在教科书或实用技术手册里面。 判断读者对象主要通过寻找关键的信息词。 、读者对象推测题例(xx四川卷B篇)Exploit yourparking spaceAn unusedparking spaceor garagecan makemoney.If youlive neara citycenter oran airport,you couldmake anythingup to200or300a week.Put anadvertisement(广告)for freeon Letparkor Atmyhousepark.Rent(出租)a roomSpare room?Not onlywill alodger(房客)earn youan ine,but also,thanks tothe governmentbacked“rent aroom”program,you wont haveto payany taxon thefirst4500you makeper year.Try advertisingyour roomon Roomspareof Roommateeasy.Make moneyduring specialevents Dont wanta fulltimelodger?Then rentonashort-term basis.If youlive inthe capital,renting aroom outduring theOlympics orother bigevents couldbring inmoney.Grashpadder canadvertise yourspace.Live onset Rentingyour homeout asa“film set”could earnyou hundredsof poundsa day,depending onthe filmproduction panyand howlong your home isne