ielts阅读第1讲(学生).doc

雅思阅读补充材料第一讲词汇（passage 1/test4/Cambridge 6）pharmaceutical n.制药业 sale n.销售profitable adj.盈利的 industry n.企业marketing strategy n.市场战略，策略 medical center n.医疗中心sample n.样本 product n.产品available n.可行的 availability n.可行性 physician n.内科医生 joke n.玩笑typical adj.典型的 trunk n.小卡车promotional gift n.促销礼物 gadget n.小器具，小物件budget n.预算 freedom n.自由prescribe v.开处方 prescription n.处方patient n.病人 profile n.简介，概况honoraria(honorarium) n.酬金 attendance n.出席educational lecture n.教育讲座 ethical adj.伦理的，道德的prospect n.前景，有希望的候选人 bribe v.贿赂criticize v.批判 marketing practice n.营销方式blame v.责备 escalate v.逐步增强extravagance n.铺张浪费 responsibility n.责任boundary n.分界线 explosion n.爆炸glossy brochure n.小册子 deliver v.递送primary adj.首要的，主要的 investment n.投资essential adj.本质的，重要的 specialist n.专家tremendous adj.巨大的 advantage n.优势，有力条件flashy adj.浮华的 pamphlet n.小册子inundation n.洪水 emblazon v.象征recipient n.接受者 effective adj.有效的comprehensive adj.全面的 dispense v.分发grapple v.与。斗争 tremendous adj.极大的，巨大的 representive n.代表 补充词汇拓展Word Building 构词法（一）动词后加-er, 如果是以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r, 表示行为的主动者，做某事的人。work-worker teach-teacher murder-murdererwrite-writer read-reader动词后加-ist, 表示某种主义者、信仰者；从事某种事业、研究的人copy-copyist type-typist novel - novelistdrug- druggist tobacco- tobacconist形容词后加-ness, 抽象名词，表示一种性质、情况、状态kind-kindness bitter-bitterness happy-happinesswilling-willingness某些动词后加-ion, 构成名词suggent-suggestion 以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的-e去掉，再加-iontranslate-translation complete- completiongraduate- graduation以-ity 结尾，放在形容词之后，构成抽象名词，表示性质、状态以-able / -ible 对尾的形容词变成名词，充成 ability / -ibilityable-ability probable-probability possible-possibility mobile-mobilityExercese Supply the missing words in the following sentences:1 He studied physics at university. He is a p_ .2 He works in a mine. He is a m_ . 3 Pasteur did a great service to _ (human ).4 He is trying to make a good _ ( impress ).5 His paintings have been admired for their _ (original ).Word Building 构词法（二）前缀构词法（如何运用常见的前缀）dis-agreeable disagreeable graceful disgraceful honest dishonestsatisfactory dissatisfactorydis还可以加在名词前agreement disagreementhonesty dishonestyability disabilitygrace disgracecomfort discomfortdis可以加在动词前agree disagreeappear disappeardis-还可表示除去、解除， 在名词前加dis-得到动词形式courage discouragemask dismaskburden disburdenil-加在以l开头的形容词之前legal illegal logical illogicalliterate illiterateim-加在以b,m,p开头的形容词之前possible impossiblemortal immortalmoral immoralbalanced imbalancedir-加在以r开头的形容词之前regular irregular rational irrationalin-主要用于其他字母开头的词之前human inhuman correct incorrectjustice injustice Exercese Write these sentences again giving the correct opposites of the words in italics1 He was extremely polite.2 I agree with you.3 His handwriting is quite legible.4 This report is accurate.5 Have you locked the door?6 Have you learnt these regular verbs?Word Building 构词法（三）如何运用后缀less 表示否定概念 care carelessful 表示有、充满了 helpful carefully: 形容词+ ly = 副词，名词+ly = 形容词 dailyish childish womanishExercise Supply the missing words1 You wont feel any pain. The operation is completely .2 I admired the beauty of the countryside. The countryside