八年级上学期期末复习英语试卷_四.doc

八年级上学期期末复习英语试卷_四清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：/ 清华大学英语教授研究组提供八年级物理单元检测题（八）（内容：运动和力 满分：100分）一、 填空题（每空2分，共32分）1同学们骑自行车上学，当停止用力蹬脚踏时，自行车仍然能向前运动，这是由于自行车具有_的缘故；但自行车运动会越来越慢，最后停下来，这是由于自行车受到了_的作用2体育课上，甲、乙、丙三位同学进行百米赛跑，他们的成绩如下表所示，则获得第一名的是 同学，这里比较三人赛跑快慢采用的最简便方法是 。 甲、乙、丙三位同学百米赛跑的成绩。参赛者 甲 乙 丙 成绩（秒） 14.2 13.7 13.9 3排纵队时，如果你看到自己前面的一位同学挡住了前面所有的人，队就排直了，这可以用_来解释；发生雷电时，先看到闪电，后听到雷声，是由于_4如图所示，一个男孩用水平力推停在地面上的汽车，但没能推动这时推力_汽车所受的阻力（选填“大于”、“小于”或“等于”）5科学工作者为了探测海底某处的深度，向海底垂直发射超声波，经过4秒收到回波信号，海洋中该处的深度是_米（声音在海水中传播的速度是1500米秒）；这种方法不能用来测量月亮与地球之间的距离，其原因是_6通过互联网发送电子邮件是以光速传播的若光在光缆中传播速度为2108米秒，地球的周长约4107米，电子邮件在光缆中绕中绕地球一周大约需要_秒。7.如图所示是合安高速公路上某处的交通标志牌，从标志牌到安庆的距离为_千米；在遵守交通规则的前提下，从标志牌到安庆，匀速行驶的汽车最快需_小时。8把一根粗糙的木棒按图所示的方式放在分开的两手的食指上，两手指距木棒两端的距离相同。现在缓缓地相向移动两个手指。刚开始移动时，发现右食指相对木棒发生移动，而左手食指相对木棒未发生移动，则此时右食指对木棒的摩擦力 （选填“大于”、“等于”、或“小于”）左食指对木棒的摩擦力；当两手指碰到一起时，两手指的位置在木棒中心的 侧（选填“左”或“右”）。 9人们有时要利用惯性，有时要防止惯性带来的危害，请你就以上两点各举出一例（不要求解释） 利用：_防止：_ 二、选择题（每题3分，共33分）题号 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 10坐在平直公路上行驶的公共汽车中的乘客，相对于下列哪个物体是运动的 ( )A这辆公共汽车的车厢 B坐在车内椅子上的乘客C在旁边走过的售票员 D关着的车门11汽车在水平路面上行驶，关闭发动机后仍能向前滑动一小段距离，这是因为 ( )A汽车具有惯性 B汽车不受阻力C汽车受到重力 D汽车所受重力大于摩擦阻力12我国公安部门规定，坐在小汽车前排的驾驶员和乘客都应在胸前系上安全带，这主要是为了减轻下列哪种情况出现时可能对人身造成的伤害 ( )A车速太快 B车速太慢 C突然起动 D紧急刹车13某一物体做变速直线运动，已知它在前一半路程的速度为4米秒，后一半路程的速度为6米秒，那么它在整个路程中的平均速度是 ( )A4米秒 B4.8秒 C5米秒 D6米秒14一杯水放在列车内的水平桌面上，如果水面突然发生了如图6所示的变化，则列车的运动状态可能发生的变化是 ( ) 列车突然向右启动 列车突然向左启动 列车向右运动时突然刹车 列车向左运动时突然刹车A或 B或 C或 D或15如图所示，受油机与大型加油机在空中以同样速度向同一方向水平飞行，下列有关它们的说法中，正确的是( )A 相对于地面来说，受油机是静止的 B 选受油机为参照物，加油机是静止的C 相对于加油机来说，受油机是运动的D 选地面为参照物，加油机是静止的16下列说法中正确的是( )A 力只能改变物体的运动方向 B物体的惯性与物体是否受力无关 B 施力物体不一定是受力物体 D在平衡力作用下，物体一定处于匀速直线运动状态17下列物体中，正在受到平衡力作用的是 ( )A正从地面腾空而起的火箭 B坚直向上抛出的石子C沿光滑斜坡滚下的小球 D在水平直路上匀速行驶的汽车18下列现象中，不属于惯性现象应用的是（）A用手拍打衣服上的灰尘 B运动员采用助跑跳远C锤头松了，将锤柄在地上撞击几下 D骑自行车时为了减速捏刹车闸19一个物体在平衡力作用下，在光滑水平面上做匀速直线运动当这对平衡力突然消失，物体将（ ） A立即停止运动 B运动速度越来越快C速度减慢，最后停止 D仍做匀速直线运动20. 为了进一步提高交通运动的质量和减少环境污染，我国上海等城市已开始建设高速磁悬浮列车。磁悬浮列车在行进时依靠安装在车厢底部的强磁铁将列车“浮”在轨道上方，从而可高速行驶。那么列车可高速行驶的原因是：列车浮起后( )A减小了列车的惯性 B减小了列车的重力C减小了列车与铁轨间的摩擦力 D减小了列车所受的空气阻力三、实验题（共16分）21（6分）高速公路上为了避免发生汽车追尾事故，有关部门在路边竖立有距离确认牌，从确认牌开始，沿路分别竖有50m，100m，200标志牌。小明利用手表和距离确认牌，估测所乘汽车的速度，你知道他是怎样测的吗？写出过程和计算式。 22（10分） “育才”中学的物理兴趣小组，想探究水平抛出的小球，从抛出到落地的时间与哪些因素有关。大家经过讨论，提出了以下猜想：猜想1：小球从抛出到落地的时间，可能与小球的质量有关。猜想2：小球从抛出到落地的时间，可能与小球水平射出的速度有关。猜想3：小球从抛出到落地的时间，可能与小球下落的高度有关。为了检验上述猜想是否正确，他们找来精密计时器、一个可将小球以任意所需速度射出的弹射器，并将弹射器水平固定在铁架台上，按图11所示进行实验，得到下表中数据：实验序号 小球质量m / g 水平射出速度v / ms-1 小球下落高度h / m 从射出到落地的时间 t / s 1 10 0.5 1.5 0.55 2 10 1.0 1.0 0.45 3 10 1.5 1.5 0.55 4 10 1.0 1.5 0.55 5 20 1.0 1.0 0.45 6 30 1.0 1.0 0.45 7 10 1.0 2.0 0.64 请你通过分析，回答下列问题：为验证猜想1，应选用序号为 、 、 的实验。为验证猜想2，应选用序号为 、 、 的实验。为验证猜想3，应选用序号为 、 、 的实验。实验结论：小球从抛出到落地的时间与 有关。课本上所涉及的实验中，有些实验的研究方法与上述方法类似。请写出其中一个实验的名称： 。 三、简答与计算题（共19分）23.（6分）汽车在出厂前要进行测试。某次测试中，先让汽车在模拟山路上以8米/秒的速度行驶500秒，紧接着在模拟公路上以20米/秒的速度行驶100秒。求：（1）该汽车在模拟山路上行驶的路程。 （2）汽车在这次整个测试过程中的平均速度。 24（4分）学习了有关物理知识后，小明同学设计了一个免费周游世界的方案，他把方案画成了右图。他的方案能实现吗?为什么? 25（9分）阅读短文，回答问题 汽车刹车之后现代社会汽车大量增加，发生交通事故的一个重要原因是遇到意外情况时车不能立即停止.司机从看到情况到肌肉动作操纵制动器来刹车需要一段时间,这段时间叫反应时间;在这段时间内汽车要保持原速前进一段距离,叫反应距离.从操纵制动顺刹车,到车停下来,汽车又要前进一段距离,这段距离叫制动距离(如图9所示)。下面是一个机警的司机驾驶一辆保养得很好的汽车在干燥的水平公路上以不同的速度行驶时，测得的反应距离和制动距离。速度km/h 40 50 60 80 100 反应距离m 7 9 11 15 19 制动距离m 8 13 20 34 54 (1)汽车在正常行驶时，车轮与地面间的摩擦是 摩擦。刹车后，由于 ，汽车还会继续向前滑行一段距离。(2)利用上表数据，算出该司机的反应时间大约是多少？(3)分析上表数据，可知影响汽车制动距离的主要因素是什么？(4)为了提醒司机朋友在雨雪天气里注意行车安全，在高速公路旁边设置了“雨雪路滑，减速慢行”的警示牌，请简要说明这句话的物理道理。八年级英语上学期第10单元同步验收练习题听力部分（共20分） I. 听单词，判断每组单词是否含有相同的元音音素。相同的写S, 不同的写D。（5分） 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ II. 听句子，补全句中所缺的单词。（5分） 1. You find your bike _. 2. Wang Lei is very _. He is going to buy a car for his son. 3. We must _our classroom clean. 4. Does she want to be a _? 5. Mrs Li hasnt come here _. III. 听对话，选出与其内容相符的图画。（5分） 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ IV. 听短文，根据其内容判断下列句子正（T）、误 (F)。 （5分） 1. Betty is Helens sister. 2. Betty and Helen dont want to buy anything. 3. Betty wants to buy some things for school. 4. The shops arent open when they get there. 5. Betty and Helen cant buy anything because the shops are closed. 笔试部分（共80分） I. 语音与词汇。（20分） A) 读下列各组单词，判断各组单词划线部分有几种读音。（10分） A. 一种读音 B. 两种读音C. 三种读音 D. 四种读音 1. pilot single machine April 2. engineer athlete sentence garden 3. resolution question station examination 4. retire fire tired wire 5. build June cup student B) 根据句意及首字母提示，完成下列单词的拼写。（10分） 6. It is well known that Yao Ming is a p_ basketball player. 7. Little Tom lives s_ near our school. 8. Beijing will h_ the 29th Olympic Games. 9. English Coaching Paper is popular with (受欢迎) r_. 10. Look!Farmers are b_ their new houses. II. 单项选择。（10分） 11. Im going to be a basketball player like Yao Ming and _ basketball every day. A. practice B. enter C. do D. keep 12. What is your plan _ the future,Peter? A. of B. to C. in D. for 13. He is going to _ to New York with his parents. A. take B. move C. bring D. stay 14. Im going to _ some money to travel somewhere interesting. A. keep B. build C. save D. hold 15. What are you going to do _ make the 2008 Olympic Games a great success? A. to help B. helping C. help D. helped 16. I love music very much, so Im going to learn how to _ an instrument this term. A. keep B. play C. hold D. build 17. All parents should _better with their children. A. learn B. exercise C. communicate D. work 18. I want to be a newspaper reporter because I _ talking with all kinds of people. A. want B. enjoy C. hope D. wish 19. Im going to travel abroad (国外) and New York sounds _ my dream city. A. as B. to be C. as if D. like 20. To _ fit, you should take 15-minute exercise every day. A. keep B. turn C. sound D. build III 句型转换。（10分） 按要求改写下列各句，每空一词。 21. Mr Green is going to travel around the world. (改为同义句) Mr Green is going to travel _ _the world. 22. The twins are going to the park tonight. (改为否定句) The twins _ _ going to the park tonight. 23. She is going to Beijing by train. (对划线部分提问) _ _ she going to Bejing? 24. There are over one hundred boys on the playground. (改为同义句) There are _ _ one hundred boys on the playground. 25. We are going to play football next Saturday. (对划线部分提问) _ _ you going to _ next Saturday? IV. 根据应答语从方框中选出适当的问句补全对话。（10分） Peter: _26_? Linda: Im going to be a teacher when I grow up. Peter: _27_? Linda: Im going to work harder in school this year. And Im going to get a part-time job. Peter: _28_? Linda: I want to put some money in the bank. Ill need money for college. Peter: _29_? Linda: I want to work with computer. Peter: That sounds great! A. What are you going to do this year? B. Linda, what are you going to be when you grow up? C. What kind of job do you want? D. Why are you going to get a part-time job? V. 完形填空。(10分) Its Wednesday afternoon. School is _30_. The students are putting their books, pencil-boxes_31_ their school bags. The teacher comes in and says to the students, Dont go, children. I have _32_ to tell you. Listen to me. Tomorrow is _33_. There is going to _34_ a parents meeting in our school. The meeting at nine oclock in the morning. _35_ are your school reports and letters to your parents. _36_ them back home. Give your parents the letters and _37_ them your school reports. Ask them_38_ to the meeting tomorrow, because Im_39_ say something about next term. 30. A. up B. on C. under D. over 31. A. into B. to C. on D. out 32. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything 33. A. Monday B. Thursday C. Friday D. Tuesday 34. A. have B. is C. be D. has 35. A. There B. This C. That D. Here 36. A. Bring B. Carry C. Take D. Make 37. A. show B. watch C. see D. look 38. A. come B. to come C. coming D. comes 39. A. going B. go to C. will D. going to VI书面表达。（20分） 根据汉语提示及要求，以My Dream Job为题用英语写一篇短文。 提示： 1. 想成为一名记者。 2. 打算给报纸、杂志写文章。 3. 高中毕业后想去北京上大学。 4. 想在一家电台工作并环游世界。 要求： 1. 条理清楚，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 2. 提示内容全部体现在文章中； 3. 不少于60词。 参考答案： 听力部分录音原文及参考答案：（划线部分为参考答案） I. 1. airline; knife 2. save; bread 3. rich; fit 4. college; loud 5. resolution; noodle Key: 1-5 SDSDS II. 1. You find your bike somewhere. 2. Wang Lei is very rich. He is going to buy a car for his son. 3. We must keep our classroom clean. 4. Does she want to be a journalist? 5. Mrs Li hasnt come here yet. III. 1. M: Lily, what are you going to be when you grow up? W: Im going to be an English teacher. 2. M: Is Tom going to get a part-time job? W: Yes, he is. 3. M: Are you going to be a computer programmer? W: Yes, I am. 4. M: I am going to be a football player. W: That should be interesting. 5. M: Does your brother want to be a pilot? W: Yes, he does. Key: 1-5 BEACD IV. Betty and Helen are good friends. They are on their way to the shops. They are going to do some shopping. They are now talking about what they are going to buy. Helen wants to buy a present for her grandpas birthday and a few things for school. Betty wants to buy her father a pen and some shoes. When they get there, however, the shops are closed. They have to go back home with nothing. Key: 1-5 FFFTT 笔试部分 I. A) 1- DDBAD B) 6. professional 7. somewhere 8. hold / host 9. readers 10. building II. 11. A 12. D。要表达.的计划，应使用a / the plan for.。例如：旅行计划 a plan for a trip 13. B。move to New York指搬（家）到纽约。 14. C。keep some money指保存钱；save some money指储蓄（存）钱。 15. A 16. B 17. C。communicate with sb.表示与某人交流或沟通。 18. B 19. D 20. A III. 21. all over 22. are not 23. How is 24. more than 25. What are, do IV. 26-29 BADC V. 30-34 DACBC 35-39 DCABD VI. 书面表达参考范文： My Dream Job When I grow up, Im going to be a journalist. Next year, Im going to write articles for magazines and newspapers. Im going to a university in Beijing after senior school. Maybe Im going to find a part-time job and save some money. Next, Im going to work for a TV station as a journalist. Then Im going to travel all over the world. 一般将来时专项练习一、单项选择。( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they come, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. they dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be( ) 21. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have( ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be( ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be( ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows( ) 25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? _ （好的）. A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you wont.( ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is( ) 27. _ open the window? A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you ( ) 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming( ) 29. It _ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend( ) 30. The train _ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving二、动词填空。1. I _（leave）in a minute. I _（finish）all my work before I _ （leave）.2. How long _ you _（study）in our country?I _（plan）to be here for about one more year.I _（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.What _ you _（do）after you _（leave）here?I _（return）home and _（get）a job.3. I _（be）tired. I _（go）to bed early tonight.4. Marys birthday is next Monday, her mother _（give）her a present.5. It is very cold these days. It _（snow）soon.6. _ you _（be）here this Saturday?No. I _（visit）my teacher.7. _ I _（get）you a copy of todays newspaper?Thank you.8. I am afraid there _（be）a meeting this afternoon. I cant join you.9. Mike _（believe, not）this until he _（see）it with his own eyes.10. Most of us dont think their team _（win）.三、句型转换。1. People in the north often go skating in winter. （next winter）2. There are two cinemas in that town. （next year）3. He comes back late.（in two days）4. She is a conductor of a train.（soon）5. Li Ming is ten years old.（next year）6. I sometimes write to my mother in the evening.（tonight）7. He went there by plane.（some day next year）8. China is a modern and