Unit 2 Protecting Our Home 导学案 1.doc

Unit 2 Protecting Our Home 导学案导学案 Period one 学习目标学习目标 1 透彻理解课文 培养快速阅读 整体理解的能力 2 自主学习 合作探究 对新学到的短语和句型等能学以致用 3 继续深入学习有关环保方面的内容 重点难点重点难点 1 重点 现在完成进行时的用法 2 难点 对课文里长难语句的理解以及句子成分分析 Period Reading 预习案预习案 学法指导学法指导 1 用15分钟阅读 粗通课文的大意 完成教材第18页1 4题 2 利用10分钟独立解决不懂的词句 用红色笔做好疑难标记 预习自测预习自测 短语互译短语互译 从文中找出下列词或短语并写出它们的汉语意思 1 have negative effects on 2 lead to 3 hundreds of thousands of 4 on the other hand 5 throw away 6 get rid of 7 by accident 8 blame on 9 help out 教材助读教材助读 1 Only a few dozen are harmful but the damage caused costs the country more than4 57 billion yuan a year 翻译该句 分析 句中caused为 作定语 后面省略了by it 因此完整的句子应该是 the damage caused by it costs the country 2 cost 1 n 价钱 价格 成本 费用 花费 What s the cost of that car 那辆汽车得花多少钱 Their prices are high because production costs are very great 那些东西价格昂贵 因为生产成本极大 2 n 时间 劳力等方面的 代价 牺牲 损失 The cost in lives was estimated at 575 估计丧生人数为575名 3 vi vt 使 花费 使 付出代价 使 丧失 需要付出 The clock cost him 20 买这个钟用了他 20美元 It cost her an effort to say that 她费了好大劲儿才说了那句话 The accident cost his life 这场车祸要了他的命 联想 cost的重要短语 at all costs at any cost不惜任何代价 无论如何 at cost按成本 价格 at the cost of以 为代价 to one s cost 付了代价 吃了苦头 2 get rid of 1 处理掉 丢弃 排泄 The old machine is no use and I ll get rid of it 这台旧机器没用了 我要把它处理掉 There were pails of muck to be got rid of 有几桶垃圾要倒掉 2 摆脱 How can I get rid of the unwelcome guest 我怎么才能摆脱这个不受欢迎的客人呢 3 除去 消灭 I thought I would never get rid of the weeds 我原以为怎么也不会把这些杂草出去呢 4 It started as people began migrating to new areas bringing plants and animals with t hem 翻译该句 分析 bringing plants and animals with them 这里是 作 状语 翻译 他带着许多书进了教室 5 At that time it was easy to control the danger of this as travel was still quite slow 那时 由于迁徙过程缓慢 物种入侵的威胁便容易控制 It started as people began migrating to new areas bringing plants and animals with the m 随着人们携带动植物移居新的地方 物种迁移便已经悄然开始 分析 两句中的as都作连词 第一句中的as引导 第二句中的as引导 As time went on their hope began to wane 随着时间的流逝 他们的希望开始变得渺茫 as引导时间状语从句 I don t go downtown very often as I am busy with my lesson 我不常进城 因为我功课很忙 as引导原因状语从句 拓展 as用法归纳 1 as作连词的其他用法 1 时间状语从句 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行 指一边 一边 如 The girl sings as she goes to school 2 As in the way that作 像 按照 的方式 解 引导方式状语从句 如 Do as I told you 3 表示虽然 尽管 等 引导让步状语从句 常用倒装语序 模式为 adj adv n as 主语 谓语 主句 如 Young as he is he knows much Child as she is he knows a lot 4 as作关系代词 引导定语从句 表示正如 这一点 如 He is very careful as we all know As is well known Taiwan belongs to China 2 as作介词的用法 1 表示好像 如 He dressed as a policeman 2 表示作为当作 如 I found a job as a guide 3 当某人是某身份时 如 As a child she was sent to abroad 6 Australia and New Zealand do a great job in slowing the spread of undesirable foreign species by thoroughly checking airport luggage for creatures said Simberloff 澳大利亚和新西兰通过对航空行李进行可疑生物的彻查 有力地缓减了外来物种的蔓延 辛贝洛夫这么说道 1 slow在句中作及物动词 放慢 使缓慢 的意思 He slowed the horse to a walk 他放慢马速 使之缓步而行 His illness slowed him at school 他的病耽误了他的学业 slow vi 放慢速度 变得缓慢 The river slows on the flat bottom 河水在平坦的河床上减慢了流速 2 by的用法小结 在句中的意思是 用 靠 通过 借助于 表示方法 手段 He earned his living by selling cigarettes 他靠卖香烟谋生 They traveled by sea 他们乘船旅行 This kind of work is done by hand machine 这种工作是手工 机器做的 类似的短语还有 by car by train by plane by air by bus by bicycle by b oat by wire by telephone by post by letter筹 2 在 旁 靠近 An old man sat by the fire 一位老人坐在火炉旁 3 按照 以 表示数量 尺寸 程度 单位词前用定冠词the It is 8 o clock by my watch 我的表现在是8点钟 They are paid by the hour 他们按小时付给报酬 4 在 之前 不迟于 表示时间 We can finish the work by the end of the month 我们到月底可以完成这项工作 Can you return the book by Monday 星期一之前你能还书吗 5 经过 沿着 表示动作的方向 位置 They went by the school library 他们路过校图书馆 6 因 由于 表原因 He took my book by mistake 他错拿了我的书 7 被 由 用于被动语态 后接动作的执行者 The book was written by an American writer 这本书是一位美国作家写的 7 There are many easy ways in which people can help out 有许多简单易行的办法可以让人们摆脱这种困扰 1 该句可转换为 There are many easy ways that people can help out 或者There are ma ny easy ways people can help out 句中in which people can help out为 修饰the way 在定语从句中 先行 词为way时 引导词可以是 还可以 2 help out救出 帮助 摆脱困境 帮助 解决问题 做帮手 帮忙完成 They helped us out a lot during those difficulty months 在那几个月的困难日子里他们帮了我们许多忙 Would this sum help you out 这笔钱能帮你解决问题吗 Could you help me out by looking after the baby for a while 你能帮我照看一下小宝宝吗 联想 help over帮助越过 帮助克服 Please help me over a difficult English sentence 请帮我弄懂一个英语难句 This way can help the country over the energy crisis 达个办法可以帮助这个国家度过能源危机 8 Cleaning clothes and shoes before coming home from a trip removes unwanted insects 旅行返家前 先把鞋子和衣服清扫一遍 这样可以移除那些你不想带走的昆虫 分析 句中出现了两个动名词短语 一个是 是动名词短语作 另一个 是动名词短语作介词before的 汉译英 1 集邮是他的爱好之一 作主语 2 吃得太多对健康有害 作主语 3 他吃了药 感到好些了 作介词宾语 4 一听到这个消息 她就哭了起来 作介词宾语 9 Shaking out bags before leaving summer camp makes sure the bugs that belong in the woods stavy in the woods 夏日露营离开前 把我们的口袋翻过来抖一抖 就可以确保那些树林中的小虫子依然留 在原地 分析 是动名词短语作主语 是动名词短语作介词before的宾语 是make sure的宾语从句 是定语从句修饰the bugs 10 A mew and potentially serious threat to some of North America s most beautiful and p opular trees is the Asian Longhorned Beetle which is called starry sky beetle in its n ative land P20 对于北美最美丽 最受人喜爱的树种来说 一种在其本地被称为 天牛 的亚洲长角甲 虫正成为它们新的且有可能是严重的威胁 本句是一个结构较为复杂的 主 系 表 结构 简化后可以理解为 逗号后面的关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句 修饰上一句当中的 辨析 threat n 威胁 to 征兆 of The situation poses a grave threat to world peace 这一局势对世界和平构成了严重的威胁 threaten v 威胁 预示 He threatened to call the police 他威胁要叫警察 Black clouds threaten a storm 乌云预示着暴风雨的来临 11 Native to parts of Asia the beetle is believed to have arrived in North America in the wood