牛津英语七年级上期各单元知识点归纳.doc

牛津英语七年级上期各单元知识点归纳Chapter One Making friends一, 重点短语work as 从事工作 hear from sb. 收到(某人的)来信reply to sb. 回复(某人) write to sb. 写信给某人walk to school 步行去学校 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事would like to do 愿意/想做某事 be keen on 对着迷, 热衷于 less than 少于 favourite sport 最喜欢的运动a boy called Simon 一个名叫西蒙的男孩 pay attention to 注意到(注意to是介词) at the top-right corner 在右上角 look up 查找Form One (英国)中学一年级 not at all 一点也不 二, 解释句子would like to = want to reply to = answercome from = be from work as = be (am / is / are)walk home = go home on foot enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth.borrow sth. from sb.= lend sth. to sb. walk my dog = take my dog for a walk enjoy oneself = have a good time / have fun take a bus to school = go to school by busown = have / has = belong to (记得要把原句的主语和宾语位置颠倒)be keen on = be very interested in = like very muchhear from sb.= get / receive a letter from sb. = get / receive ones letter三, 语法知识1) 带特殊疑问词的特殊疑问句 (what / where / when / how / who (whom) / whose / which / why / how old / how many / how much / how long / how often / how soon / how far)要注意: 对时间提问的几个疑问词when, how long和how soon的区别； 对数量提问的how many和how much的区别(另外how much还可以问价格)；2) 不定冠词(a / an) 和 定冠词the的用法 (首次提到某人或某物用不定冠词, 谈到上文已经提过的人或物用定冠词)；3) 连词(and / but / so)的用法(and”和”表并列, but”但是”表转折, so”所以”表结果)。Chapter Two Our daily life一, 重点短语lose ones temper 发脾气 achieve A grades 获得Adiscuss business 谈论生意 drive sb. to school 开车送某人去学校make phone calls to 打电话给某人 enjoy seeing friends喜欢见到朋友be different from 与不同 fail an exam 考试不及格collect sb. from school 从学校接某人 assist sb. 帮助某人continue doing sth. 继续做某事 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事about twice a week 大约一周两次 in an hour or two 在一两个小时内 on the way to school 在去学校的路上 二, 解释句子discuss = talk about achieve A grade = get A gradecontinue doing sth. = go on doing sth. continue to do sth.= go on to do sth.drive sb. to school = send sb. to school by car return to school = go back to schoolfail the exam = not pass the exam never fail an exam = pass all the exams assist sb. with sth. = help sb. with sth. assist sb. to do sth. = help sb. (to) do sth.lose ones temper = be angry make phone calls to sb. = ring sb. up = call sb. = phone sb.collect sb. from school = pick sb. up from school三, 语法知识1) 一般现在时的用法: 用来表示现在的状态、经常的或习惯性的动作、真理、基本事实或常见现象等(注意: 表示客观真理的句子只能用一般现在时态)。2）一般现在时的构成(肯定句/否定句/疑问句)以及肯定/否定回答，谓语动词第三人称单数的变化规则，以及be动词的形式；3) 描述频率的副词和副词短语 (always / usually / often / sometimes / seldom / never)* 顺便注意这几个形近词/词组的区别 sometimes / some time / some times / sometime。Chapter Three Troubles一, 重点短语deal with 对待,处理 hold out 取出,伸出show sth. to sb. 给某人看某物 find sth. missing 发现某物不见了stare at sb. 盯着某人 hurry to 赶往某地go after 跟着某人 steal sth. from sb. 从某人偷某物sth. happens to sb. 某人发生某事 hurry aboard 匆忙等上船argue with sb (about sth.) 和某人争论(某事) go up 走上前去 get off 下(车,船等) begin arguing 开始争吵see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 on the other side of the river 在河的对岸 pick up 捡起,拿起 in time 及时二, 解释句子howdeal with sth. = what do with sth. sth. happens to sb.= sb. have sth.show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. stare at = look at tightlyin a hurry = hurriedly hurry to= go to in a hurry / hurriedlyhurry to do = do sth. in a hurry / hurriedly go after sb. = follow sb.hurry aboard = get onto the ship (or plane) in a hurry / hurriedlysteal sth. from sb. = steal ones sth. argue with sb. = speak angrily to sb.notanything = nothing what happened? = whats the matter? = whats up? = whats wrong?三, 语法知识1) 一般过去时的用法: 表示过去某一时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，常与这些时间状语连用(e.g.: yesterday, two days ago, last week, just now, in 2010)；2) 一般过去时的构成: 由主语+动词的过去式构成 (要掌握规则动词的过去式变化规则以及常见的不规则动词的变化形式 eg. gowent, catchcaught, findfound)。Chapter Four The world of numbers一, 重点短语be able to do sth. 能做某事 have to do sth. 不得不做某事hundreds of 上百个. thousands of上千个. consist of 包括 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 addto 加上 subtractfrom 减去multiplyby 乘以 divideby 除以in ancient times 在古代 stand for 代表in a flash 一瞬间,在一眨眼的时间 at least 至少startwith 从开始 two thirds 三分之二 traffic accident 交通事故 start from. 从开始 二, 解释句子however = but (后面没有逗号) almost = nearlyconsist of = be made up of = include stand for = representhelp sb. (to) do sth. = help sb. with sth. startwith = beginwithin a flash = very quickly= in a very short time plus = addtominus = subtract or takefrom times = multiply by divided by = divide by . at least = not less than三, 语法知识1) 数词的用法 (基数词 / 序数词 / 分数 / 小数 / 百分数 / 日期时间表达法)；2) 常见电话用语 (e.g.: Who is (that) speaking? 而不说Who are you?; 回答是this is XXX speaking. 而不说I am XXX.)；3) 祈使句的用法: 是用来表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议的句子。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称但常常省略；谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或问号； a. 三种常见的肯定形式 b. 四种常见的否定形式 c. 反义疑问句(注意: 以let开头的句子，疑问部分多用will/would you?; 以lets开头的句子, 疑问部分多用shall we?) d. 祈使句的回答(注意前后一定要一致 e.g.: Yes, I will. or No, I wont.) Chapter Five Beyond time and space (I)一, 重点短语tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事 lets do sth. 让我们may be 可能是(注意和maybe有区别) turn towards 转向bring sb. sth. 把带给 reply to 回复towards evening 傍晚时分 land on 着陆bring sb. to some place 带某人到某地 go through 穿过,通过get out of 从出去 turn to sb. 转向某人in peace 和平地 in pieces 成为碎片 二, 解释句子tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. maybe = perhaps = may beappear = show up what for? = why?reply to sb./sth. = answer sb./sth. suddenly = all of a suddenbring sb sth. = bring sth. to sb. trust = believe ininterrupt = make stop happen = take placelets do sth. = why not do sth.? = why dont you do sth.? = shall we do sth.? = what about doing sth.? = how about doing sth.?三, 语法知识1) 一般将来时的用法: 表示将来某一时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，或将来某一时段内经常发生的动作或状态；常与这些时间状语连用(e.g.: tomorrow / soon / in an hour / from now on / next week)；2. 一般将来时的构成: 一般由 助动词shall(对应第一人称) / will(对应所有人称) + 动词原形 也可以是be going to do sth. (要注意这两种形式的用法差别)。Chapter Six Beyond time and space (II)一, 重点短语fall asleep 睡着,入睡 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事moments later 一会儿,过了片刻 aimat 将对准go around 绕转 go out 熄灭sth. happen to sb. 某人发生某事 at once 立即,马上interrupt sb. 打断某人 attack sb. 攻击某人escape from 逃离某个地方 whats wrong? 怎么了？wake up 苏醒,醒来 have a bad dream 做噩梦二, 解释句子immediately = at once = right away = right now fall asleep = go to sleepotherwise = or moments later = after a whileinterrupt sb. = make sb. stop doing = stop attack sb. = hit sb.escape (from) = run away (from) = get away (from) secretly = quietly = no one see sb.sth. happen to sb. = sb. have/has sth.no longer = notany longer = no more = notany more 三, 语法知识1) 常见表示地点和位置的介词/介词词组的用法 (e.g.: in, on, at, to, above, below, under, over, in front of, in the front of, at the back of, behind, between, among,