zsk-英语词根词缀-12月.doc

31学苑教育文登考研 英语词根词缀说明：* 表示重要；在重音模式标注中，一个“-”代表一个音节。1. *a- Latin 1) see ab- Greek 2) not, without an- before a vowel: amoral, anarchy, acentric, asocial, apolitical, anarchismEnglish 3) at, on, in, intensive: aback, afloat, abed, ablaze, aloud, asleep, abreast2. *ab- away a- before m, p, v; abs- before c, t: abdicate, abduct, abjure, abominable, avert, abstract, absorb, abnormal, abuse, abaxial3. *ability n. of adj. ending in able: stability, changeability, adaptability（重音ability）/biliti/4. *able often -ible after t, s1) that can : perishable, changeable, adaptable 2) that can be ed: provable, expendable, readable, irresistible 3) full of : knowledgeable 4) added to stems: capable, probable（通常不影响重音，但reconcileirreconcilable）5. *-ably adv. of adj. ending in able: peaceably, comfortably, suitably (通常不影响重音)6. *ac- see ad-7. *ac 1) characteristic of: elegiac, demoniac 2) of, relating to: cardiac 3) affected by, having: maniac (both adj. and n.) （重音- - ac）/Ak/8. acal =-ac adj. maniacal （重音- acal）/kl/9. acantho- thorn acanth- before a vowel: acanthoid10. acea用于动物纲名、目名: Crustacea（重音acea）/eiFi/11. acean 1) adj. of words ending in acea or acea (=aceous) 2) a member of the stated category: Crustacean（重音acean）/eiFin/12. aceae 用于植物科名: Pinaceae （重音aceae）/eisii:/13. aceous 1) adj. of words ending in acea or acea: Crustaceous 2) adj. added to stems: curvaceous, herbaceous （重音aceous）/eisis/14. acerb- bitter, violent: acerbic, acerbity, exacerbate15. aceto- 醋酸 acet- before a vowel: acetic, acetate16. *acious adj. characterized by, inclined to, full of: tenacious, fallacious, rapacious, sagacious, veracious （重音acious）/eiFis/17. *acity n. of words ending in acious: tenacity, sagacity, rapacity, veracity (重音acity) /Asiti/18. *acle n. thing: spectacle, obstacle, manacle, tentacle, pentacle (不影响重音)19. acou- listen: acoustic, acouophone20. acri- sour, sharp: acrimonious, acrimony21. *acro- 1) pointed: acrocephaly 2) topmost: acronym, acrobat, acrophobia22. actino- of rays: actinotherapy, actinogram23. acu-, acut- sharp: acute, acupuncture, acumen24. *acy n. esp. of adj. ending in ate quality, position, condition: accuracy, obstinacy, determinacy, privacy, intimacy (不影响重音)25. *ad- motion towards, addition to, nearness to, intensiveab- before b: abbreviateac- before c, k, qu: acquit, accept, accustom, account, accredit, accompanyaf- before f: afforest, affright, affix, affirmag- before g: aggravate, aggression, aggrandize al- before l: alleviate, alludean- before n: annotate, annex, announceap- before p: appoint, appropriate, appraise, appeasear- before r: arrest, arrive, arrange, arrearas- before s: assess, assault, assimilate, assure, associateat-before t: attire, attest, attune, attracta- before sc, sp, st: ascend, aspire, astringentad- before h, j, m, v admonish, adhere, adjacent, advertise, adjust, admixture, adventure26. ad Greek 1) the name of certain collective numerals: dyad, monad 2) the title of any of certain poems: Iliad 3) any of certain plants: cycad Latin 4) adv. towards, in the direction of: caudad (不影响重音)27. *ade 1) the act of ing: blockade 2) result or product: arcade 3) participants in an action: brigade 4) drink made from: lemonade （重音: ade）/eid/28. adeno- gland or glands aden- before a vowel: adenoma, adenoid29. adip- fat: adipose30. *aer-, aeri-, aero- air: aerate, aerogram, aerospace, aerosphere, airy, aerial, aerodrome, aerolith, aerial, aerify, aerology31. *af- see ad-32. *Afro- African: Afro-American33. *after- coming behind or later: aftertaste, aftermath, aftercare, afterlife34. *ag- see ad-35. *ag-, -ig-, -agit- (frequentative), -act- do, drive, make: agent, agenda, activate, agitate, enact, actual, activism, activity, counteract, exact, exacting, inactive, inaction, interact, react, transact, agency, agile, agility, litigate, navigate36. *age n. 1) action, condition, or result of: marriage, cleavage, usage, shrinkage 2) amount or number of: acreage, mileage, percentage 3) cost of: postage, freightage, wharfage 4) place of: steerage, village, anchorage 5) collection of: peerage, package, wrappage 6) home of: hermitage, orphanage 7) loan words from French: savage, voyage (不影响重音)37. agog-, -agogue 1) leader: demagogue 2) a substance that induces the secretion of: galactagogue （重音- agogue）38. agon- contend agony, agonize, antagonist, protagonist39. *agri-, agro- agr- before a vowel field: agriculture, agrarian, agrology, agricorporation, agronomy, agrobiology, agro-town, agrestic, agrochemicals40. ain n. 1) person: villain, captain, chieftain 2) thing: quatrain (不影响重音)41. *aire n. 1) person: millionaire, doctrinaire 2) thing: questionnaire （重音aire）/Z/42. *al- Arabic 1) used in words of Arabic origin: algebra, alchemy Latin 2) see ad-43. *al 1) adj. of, like, or suitable for: hysterical, theatrical, personal, national, natural, exceptional 2) n. the act or process of: arrival, rehearsal, recital, appraisal, overthrowal 3) 醛: furfural 4) 巴比土酸盐: barbital （重音：一般不影响重音，但如果前面拼写是双辅音或发音是双元音，重音则为 al; 另外，若前面为ic，则重音为 - ical）44. alacri- quick: alacrity45. alb- white: albino, album, albumen46. algia pain: odontalgia, nostalgia, neuralgia （重音algia）/AldVi/47. ali- another, other: alias, alibi, alien48. *ality: n. of adj. ending in al: mentality, morality, logicality, formality, technicality （重音ality）/Aliti/49. *ally adv. of adj. ending in al: actually, politically, climaticaaly, heroicaaly, conditionally50. *-alter- the other: adultery, adulterate, alternate, alternative51. *alt- high: altitude, exalt, alto, altar, altimeter, altimetry, altocumulus52. *am-, -amor-, -amat- love: amity, amorous, amatory, amour, paramour, amateur, amateurish53. *ambi- both, around: ambidextrous, ambience54. *ambul- walk: ambulance, preamble, somnambulism, ambulant, perambulate, ambulate, noctambulant55. amen- as one wishes: amenity, amenable56. amic- friend: amicable57. amphi- two: amphibian, amphitheater58. ampl- large: ample, amplify, amplifier59. amylo- 淀粉: amyloid60. *an- 1) see a- 2) see ad-61. *an n. and adj. 1) (one) belonging to or having some relation to: diocesan 2) (one) born in or living in: Mexican, African, European 3) (one) believing in or following: Lutheran, Mohammedan (通常不影响重音，但ean /i:n/)62. *ana- 1) up, upward: anadromous 2) back, backward: anagram 3) again: Anabaptist 4) throughout: analysis 5) according to, similar to: analogy63. *ana sayings, writings, anecdotes, facts, or objects of: Americana, Victoriana （重音ana）/ana/64. *ance n. 1) the act or process of: discontinuance, resistance, attendance, guidance 2) the quality or state of being: forbearance, vigilance 3) a thing that s: hindrance 4): a thing that is ed: utterance (通常重音 - - ance，但如果前面拼写是双辅音或发音是双元音，重音则为- ance)65. ancill- maidservant: ancillary66. *ancy =ance but different words may take different endings: buoyancy, expectancy, occupancy, conservancy, elegancy, militancy (通常重音 - - ancy，但如果原词末尾发音是双辅音或双元音，重音则为- ancy)67. and see -end68. *andr- male, man: polyandry, androgynous, android69. androus having the stated number of stamens: monandrous70. ane 1) 饱和烃: methane, ethane 2) 某些环状化合物: cyclohexane71. *aneity n. of adj. ending in aneous: spontaneity, spontaneity, contemporaneity （重音eity）/i:ti/72. *aneous adj. of a certain quality: extraneous, spontaneous, instantaneous, miscellaneous （重音aneous）/einis/73. angio- blood vessel: angiomatosis74. *Anglo- Britain: anglophile, Anglophobia, Anglo-American75. *anim- 1) spirit, breath, life, mind: animal, animate, inanimate, animism, unanimous, magnanimous, longanimity, exanimate, reanimate, animated 2) hostility: animosity76. *ann-, -enn- year: annual, annuity, biannual (twice a year), annals, anniversary, annalist, annuity, annuitant, superannuate, biennial (once very two years), perennial, millennium77. *-ant adj. or n. of n. ending in ance or ancy 1) adj. that has, shows or does: defiant, radiant, vigilant, determinant, assistant, repentant 2) n. a person or thing that: occupant, accountant, insurant, informant, coolant, stimulant (通常重音 - - ant，但如果前面拼写是双辅音或发音是双元音，重音则为- ant)78. *ante- before, in front of: anteroom, antecedent, antenatal79. anth- flower: anthology, chrysanthemum80. *-anthrop- humankind: anthropology, philanthropist, paleoanthropology, anthropoid, misanthropy, anthropotomy81. *anti- ant- before a vowel against, the opposite: Antarctica, antibiotic, antihero, antiwar82. api- bee: apiary83. apo- ap- before a vowel or h away from: apogee, apology, apostasy, aphelion84. apt- fit, suitable: aptitude, adapt85. *aqua-, -aque- water: aquarium, aqueous, aquatic, aqualung, aqueduct, aquiferous86. aquil- eagle: aquiline87. *ar 1) adj. of, relating to, like, of the nature of: singular, polar，similar, insular, nuclear 2) n. the agent of a particular action =-er: registrar, scholar, beggar, liar, pedlar (不影响重音)88. arbitr- judge: arbitrate, arbitrary89. arc- arch: arcade90. *arch- chief: archenemy, archbishop91. *arch- rule, ruler: monarch, monarchy, anarchy, autarchy, gynarchy, oligarchy, patriarchy, matriarch, plutarchy92. archaeo-, archeo- ancient: archeology, archeologist93. -ard-, -ars- burn: ardent, ardor, arson94. *ard, -art person or thing often derog.: braggart, tankard, drunkard, laggard, Spaniard, coward, wizard (不影响重音)95. *arian n. or adj.1) (one) characterized by or having: octogenarian, centenarian 2) (one) believing in: Unitarian, utilitarian, vegetarian 3) (one) associated with: antiquarian, agrairian（重音arian）/erin/96. *arium place or container: aquarium, planetarium, sanitarium, ovarium （重音arium）/erim/97. *-arm- arms: armament, armistice98. *-art- art, skill: artifice, artifact, artisan99. arteri- of artery: arteriosclerosis100. arthr- of joints: arthritis101. articul- joint: articulate, articulation102. *ary: 1) adj. relating to, connected with: ordinary, contemporary, military, urinary, imaginary, elementary 2) n. a person or thing connected with: adversary, dictionary, secretary, notary, missionary, dignitary （通常重音British: - - ary, American: - - ary, 但如果前面拼写是双辅音或发音是双元音，重音则为 - ary）103. ase enzyme: amylase /eis/104. asper- rough: asperity, exasperate105. ast person (corresponding to words ending in -asm): enthusiast, gymnast（重音- - ast）106. *aster-, -astr- star: asteroid, disaster, astronomer, astrology, astrodog, astronaut, astrophysics, astral, asterisk, asteroid107. aster person of the stated kind (derog.): poetaster, medicaster, philosophaster108. *ate v. 1) to become: evaporate, maturate 2) to cause to become: invalidate, rejuvenate, differentiate 3) to form or produce: ulcerate 4) to provide or treat with: vaccinate, hypenate 5) to out in the form of, or form by means of: delineate 6) to arrange for: orchestrate 7) to combine, infuse or treat with: oxygenate （通常重音- - ate /eit/）109. *ate adj. 1) of or characteristic of: collegiate, corporate, roseate 2) having or filed with: passionate, proportionate, affectionate 3) roughly corresponding to p.p ending in ed animate, determinate （通常重音- - ate /it/）110. *-ate n. an office, function, agent, official or group of officials: potentate, directorate, advocate, candidate 2) the land, territory, or dominion of: priorate, sultanate 3) a person or thing that is the object of: legate, mandate 4) in chemistry slat made from any of certain acides with names ending in ic: nitrate, carbonate, borate 5) in chemistry a result of some process: distillate （通常重音- - ate /it/）111. athlon an sports event or activity for collecting money: decathlon, talkathlon112. *atic adj. of n. ending in ate, -cy, -m or after a root: climatic, ecstatic, aquatic, systematic （重音atic）/Atik/113. *ation n. of v. ending in ate or te action, condition or result: animation, invitation, variation, quotation, examination （重音ation）/eiFn/114. *ative adj. of n. ending in ation: speculative, illustrative （重音与原动词同，但如果前面拼写是双辅音或发音是双元音，重音则为 - ative）115. *ator doer: educator, instigator （重音与原动词同）116. *-atory 1) adj. of some n. ending in ation: explanatory, derogatory, preparatory 2) n. place: conservatory, laboratory, lavatory (通常重音英音 - atory，美音 atory；英音laboratory，美音laboratory )117. atmo- air: atmosphere118. -atroc- cruel: atrocity, atrocious119. atropho- atrophy: atrophoderma120. audac- bold: audacity, audacious121. *audi-, -audit-, audio- listen: audio, audit, audition, auditorium, audible, inaudible, auditor, audiometer, audiology, audiovisuals122. *aug-, -auct- increase: augment, auction, auctioneer123. *augur- sign, herald: augury, inaugurate, augural, inauguration124. aur- ear: auricle, auricular125. *Austro- Austrian: Austro-Hungarian126. *author- right, author: authoritative, authorship, authority, authorize, unauthorized127. *auto- aut- before a vowel self: autism, autograph, autobiography, autarchy128. auxili- help: auxiliary129. avi- bird, flight: aviation, aviator, avian, aviary, aviculture130. avuncul- uncle: avuncular131. *back- backward: backslide, backfire, backpedal, backdate132. bacteri- bacteria: bactericide133. -barbar- savage: barbarous, barbarism, barbaric134. baro- pressure: barometer, barometric, baroscope, isobar135. bas- low: abase, basement, debase136. basi-, baso- of the base, of alkalis: basophilia137. *bat- beat, strike: battle, combatant, noncombatant, combat, battle138. bathy- deep, sea: bathysphere139. *be- 1) treat in the stated way added to n. and adj.: befriend, belittle, becalm, befool 2) around: besiege, beset 3) furnish with, cover with: besprinkle, becloud, bedew 4) wearing: bespectacled, bewhiskered 5) completely, thoroughly: bedeck, besmear 6) away: bereave, betake, behead 7) about added to other verbs, making them into vt.: bethink, bemoan, befall140. beat- happy: beatific, beatitude141. *bel-, -bell- war, fight: rebel, rebellious, bellicose, belligerent142. *bene- well, good: benediction, benefactor, benefit, benevolent143. benzo- 苯: benzene144. *bi- two: bicycle, binary, bilingual, biweekly145. *bi-, -bio- life: biology, biography, amphibian, autobiography, biotic, antibiotic, biosphere, biochemistry, bioclean, bioelectricity146. bili- of bile: bilirubin147. *biblio- book: bibliography, bibliophile, bibliomania, Bible148. blasto- 胚，芽: blastoderm149. *-bon- positive good; -melior- comparative better; -optim- superlative best: bonus, ameliorate, optimist, optimize150. *bound: 1) kept in the stated condition: snowbound 2) moving in the stated direction: westbound （不影响重音）151. brachy- short: brachydont152. brad-, -bras- scrape: abrade, abrasive153. brady- slow: bradycardia154. brev- short: brief, abbreviate, brevity, debrief, breviary155. bronch- 气管: bronchitis156. *by- of less importance: byproduct, bypass, byroad, byname157. *caco- bad, ugly: cacophony158. *cad-, -cid-, -cas- fall: cadence, occasion, accident, incident, decadence, coincide, casual, casualty, occident, incidental, coincidence, deciduous159. calci- calcium: calcify, calcine160. calcul- calculate: calculation161. calor- heat: calorie, calorify, calorific, calorimeter162. can- dog: canine163. *cant-, -cent- song, sing: canto, incantation, decant, accent164. cap-, -capac- contain: capable, capacity165. *capt-, -cept-, -ceive-, -ceipt-, -ceit-, -cip-, -cipi- take: captive, accept, deceive, deception, recipient, anticipate, conceivable, incipient, receipt, deceit, conceit, interception, incept166. *capit- head: capital, decapitate, capitalize167. carcer- prison: incarceration168. *card-, cardio-, -cardia heart: cardiotonics, carditis, tachycardia, carditis, cardiac, electrocardiogram, tachycardia, epicardium, endocardium169. *carn- flesh: carnal, carnivore, incarnate170. carpo- fruit: carpophagous, carpology171. *cata- cat- before a vowel1) down, downward: catabolism 2) away, completely: catalysis 3) against: catapult 4) throughout: cataphresis 5) backward: cataplasia172. -caten- chain: concatenate173. caus- burn: causalgia174. caut- careful: cautious, precaution175. *ced-, -ceed-, -cess- 1) yield: cede, concede, concession 2) go: proceed, precede, exceed, excessive, supersede, precedent, unprecedented, procedure, process, procession, success, succeed, intercession176. cel- sky: celestial177. cele swelling: hydrocele178. celebr- : celebrity, celebrate179. celer- fast: accelerate, decelerate, celerity, accelerometer, decelerometer, acceleration180. celio- abdomen: celiotomy181. cell- cell: cellular, celluase, cellue, celluate182. *cent- 100: century183. *centi 1/100: centimeter184. centesis 穿刺术: cardiocentesis （重音centesis）/snti:sis/185. *centri- center: centrifugal, concentric, eccentric186. cephal- head: cephalalgia187. cerato- horn or horny: ceratoid188. -cerebr- brain: cerebration, cerebritis189. cern-, -cret- see: discern, secret190. cero- cer- before a vowel wax: ceraceous, cerate191. *cert- certain: certify, certificate, ascertain, certitude, certifiable, certification, incertitude192. chem-, chemo- chemistry: alchemy, chemophysiology193. chiro- hand: chirospasm194. chloro- 绿色，氯气: chlorosis195. cholo- bile: cholochrome196. chondr- 软骨: chrondritis197. *chrom-, -chromat- color: chromosome, chromatic, monochrome, polychrome, photochrome, homochromous, panchromous198. *chron- time: chronology, chronicle, anachronism, chronic, synchronal, synchronize, synchronoscope, chronometer, isochronism199. chrys- yellow: chrysanthemum200. *cid-, -cis- kill, cut: incisive, de