英语新目标八年级上册三单元知识点归纳.doc

Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.三单元知识点归纳一、必记单词71.outgoing adj. 爱交际的；有好的；外向的 2.better adj.& adv. ( good和well的比较级）较好的（地）；更好的（地） 3.loudly adv. 喧闹地；大声地；响亮地 4.quietly adv. 轻声地；轻柔地；安静地 5.hard-working adj. 工作努力的；辛勤的 6.competition n.比赛；竞赛；竞争 7.fantastic adj. 极好的；了不起的 8.which pron. & adv. 哪一个；哪一些 9.clearly adv. 清楚地；清晰地；明白地 10.win v. 获胜；赢；赢得11kid n. 小孩；年轻人. 12. talented adj. 有才能的；有才干的 13.truly adv. 真正；确实 14.care v. 在意；担忧；关心 15.serious adj. 严肃的；稳重的 16.mirror n. 镜子17. though adv. 不过；可是；然而 conj. 虽然；尽管；不过 18.necessary adj. 必需的；必要的 19both adj. & pron.两个；两个都 20.grade n. 成绩等级；评分等级 21.should modal v. 应该；应当；可以 22.saying n. 谚语；格言；警告 23.reach v. 伸手；到达；抵达 24.hand n. 手 25.touch v. 感动；触摸 26.heart n. 内心；心脏 27.fact n. 现实；事实 28.break v.（过去式broke）（使）破；裂；碎，损坏 29.arm n. 手臂；上肢 30.laugh v. 笑；发笑 n. 笑声 31.share v.分享；共享；公用；分摊 32.loud adj. 响亮的；大声的 33.similar adj.相像的；相似的 34.primary adj. 最初的；最早的 35.information n. 信息；消息二、重点短语more outgoing更外向 asas与一样 the singing competition唱歌比赛be similar to与相像的/类似的 the same as和相同；与一致 be different from与不同care about关心；介意 be like a mirror像一面镜子 the most important最重要的as long as只要；既然 bring out使显现；使表现出 get better grades取得更好的成绩reach for伸手取 in fact事实上；实际上 make friends交朋友 the other其他的 be talented in music有音乐天赋 be good with善于与相处touch ones heart感动某人 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 be good at doing sth擅长做某事 as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣 Its+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的 三、语法：形容词和副词的比较级、最高级1、大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really；2）比较级，表示“较”或“更”的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than,A or B,of the two, 修饰词much,a lot,a little；3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来什么比较的范围。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化： 构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-esthighshorthighershorter highestshortest以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-stlatefinelaterfiner latestfinest重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotbigthinfathotterbiggerthinnerfatterhottestbiggestthinnestfattest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est funnyeasyearlyfunniereasierearlierfunniesteasiestearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或mostbeautifulathleticoutgoingmore beautifulmore athleticmore outgoingmost beautifulmost athleticmost outgoing形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化： 原 级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least2.形容词比较级和最高级的用法（1）两者作比较用比较级，句中常用than。例如： Tom is taller than Bill.汤姆比比尔高。 She is more outgoing than me. 她比我更外向。（2）三者或三者以上作比较用最高级，句中常有“of,in”，形容词最高级前要加“the”。例如： He is the most serious of all the boys. 他是所有男孩中最严肃的。 Mary is the tallest in the class.玛丽是班里最高的。四、难点讲练讲一讲 1Peter likes to do the same things as me. 彼得喜欢和我做一样的事情。My best friend Larry is quite different from me. 我最好的朋友拉里和我很不一样。（1）the same as.意为“与相同”。例如：My birthday is the same as Toms. 我的生日与汤姆的一样。I have the same school bag as yours. 我有一个和你一样的书包。（2） different from.意为“和不一样”，是the same as.的反义词组。例如：Lucy is different from Lily. 露西与莉莉不一样。拓展 difference 意为“不同；不用之处”，可做可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。例如：There is no difference between the twins.那对双胞胎长得一模一样。 练一练 1 1. Life in the country is quite _ that in the city. A. the same B. different from C. full of D.the same as 2. Is your pen _ Jims? A.same as B.the same C.the same with D.the same as3. There is not much _ (different) in price between the two coats. 4. 我的妹妹和我不一样。 My sister _ _ _ me.讲一讲 2We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。They are both tall. 他们两个都高。both 表示两者都, neither 表示两者都不。both of/neither of 表示“两者都/都不”。例如：They both are students.= Both of them are students. 他们两个都是学生。The girls both like English.=Both of the girls like English. 这两个女孩都喜欢英语。Neither of them is a doctor. 他们两个都不是医生。练一练 25. There are lots of colorful on _ sides of the streets. A.each B.both C.either D.all6. What are your parents? They doctors. A.are all B.are both C.all are D.both are7. Li Lei and Li Ming black hair.A.have both B.both have C.has both D.both has8 Both of them are doctors.(改为否定句） _ _ them _ a doctor.讲一讲 3Huang Lei isnt as good at tennis as Larry. 黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。 as.as 与一样 not as/so.as 不如中间加形容词或副词的原级。例如：He is as tall as Tom. 他跟汤姆一样高。She isnt as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她的姐姐外向。练一练39. Jim is twelve years old. Tim is twelve years old, too.(合并为同义句） Jim is _ _ _ Tim.10. English is as easy as math.(改为否定句） English _ _ _ _ _math.11. Write _ and try not to make any mistakes.A.as careful as possible B.more carefulC.most careful D.as carefully as you can 12. Do you think football is as _ as basketball in America? A.most popular B.the most popular C.more popular D. popular 13. This math problem is _that one. A.not so easy as B.more easy than C.as easier as D.easy than讲一讲4However,Larry is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.然而，拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩。little 和much 都可用来修饰比较级，表示“更一点，得多”。例如：He is a little shorter than you. 他比你少矮一点儿。拓展 修饰比较级除了用a little 外，还可用even（甚至），far(非常），a lot(非常），a bit(一点） 练一练414. This is my friend. He is outgoing than I am. A. much B.more much C.a little more D.a lot of more15. She is _ _ _(稍矮一点）than Tom.讲一讲5I think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友会使我笑。 make v. 制造；使；让。常用结构：make sb./ sth.+adj. 使/让某人/某事怎么样；make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。例如：Mother made a birthday cake for me.妈妈为我做了一个生日蛋糕。The news makes everyone happy.这个消息使每个人都很快乐。His mother made him finish the work alone.他妈妈让他一个人完成这项工作。练一练516. The boss makes the worker _10 hours every day.A.work B.to work C.working D.works 17. Mr Bean enjoys _ jokes and often makes us _.A.to tell; to laugh B.tells; laugh C.telling; laugh D.telling; laughing18. His parents often make him _ his homework till 10 pm.A.do B.does C.to do D.doing19.这个消息使每个人都很快乐。The news _everyone_. 讲一讲6Who do you think should get the job, Jenny or Jill?你认为谁应该得到这份工作，詹妮还是吉尔？（1） 本句是由“特殊疑问句+选项”构成的选择疑问句，“do you think”作插入语。例如：Who do you think cleaned the classroom yesterday?你认为昨天是谁打扫的教室？Which bike do you think is Toms, the new one or the old one?你认为哪辆自行车是汤姆的，那辆新的还是旧的呢？or 意为“或者；还是”，常用于选择疑问句中。例如：Do you like math or English? 你喜欢数学还是英语？练一练620. Lucy ，do you think who _ the shortest in your class?A.do B.does C.is D.are21. Which do you think _ the longest river in China?A.is B.are C.am D.be22. Who do you think _ him clean the classroom yesterday?A.help B.helped C.helps D.helping 一单词.根据汉语写出英语单词1.外向的_2.有才能的_3.极好的_4. 严肃的_5.应该_ 6. 镜子_7.分享_8. 轻柔的_9. 哪一个_10.大声的_二单项选择 从各题后所给的选项中选出最佳答案。( )11. Peter is good _ playing football, so he wants to join the football club.A. toB. withC. forD. at( )12. Whats your favorite subject? _. And I always get a good grade in the test.A. Physics B. Homework C. MovieD. Concert( )13. There are some differences between Tom and Jim _ they are twin brothers.A. though B. if C. until D. so( )14. This is not Tinas ruler. _ is longer.A. Shes B. HersC. SheD. Her( )15. How many children do you have, Mrs Green?A son and a daughter. And they are _ students now.A. bothB. allC. every D. each( )16. I dont think Henry is _ than Tony.A. much popular B. more popular C. popular D. most popular( )17. His funny story made all of them _.A. laughedB. to laugh C. laugh D. laughs( )18. My brother is _ taller than me.A. veryB. tooC. soD. much( )19.Computersareverypopularnowandtheyarenotas_asbefore.A.expensiveB.moreexpensiveC.mostexpensiveD.themostexpensive（ ）20.Tonyis_thanbefore,sohehas_friendsnow.A.friendly,moreB.friendly,fewerC.morefriendly,moreD.morefriendly,fewer三. 完成句子根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。21. 我认为数学和英语一样重要。 I think math is _ important _ English.22. 我爸爸喜欢让我笑。 My father enjoys _ _ _.23. 三十多个学生参加了那次聚会。 _ _ thirty students went to the party.24.琳达和她姑姑看上去一样。 Linda _ _ _ _ her aunt 25. 他女儿是个小学生。 His daughter is a _ _ student.26. 刘英比刘丽更严肃一些吗？ Is Liu Ying _ _ than Liu Li?27. 小明擅长游泳 Xiao Ming is good _ _. 28. 我妈妈不如爸爸高。 My mother is not _ _ as my father. 29. 我和刘英都有黑色的眼睛。 _ Liu Ying and I _ black eyes.30. 我的听力比口语好。 Im _ at _ than speaking 四用所给词的适当形式填空（10分） 1.There is _ (many) more snow in winter than last year. 2. Paul is _ than Pedro. ( thin ) 3.Tom is much _ than Sam. ( heavy )4. My hair is a little _ than hers. ( short )5. Pedro is _ than Paul. ( funny ) 6. Li Ping is a little _ than me. ( outgoing ) 7. Which is _ in China, tea or coffee? ( popular)8. Tina is much _than Tara. ( beautiful )9. Liu Li is a little _ than her sister. ( quiet ) 10. Ruth is _ than any other girl in my class.( serious )、五. 阅读理解To: R From: M Subject: My best friend Dear Rose, Thank you for your last e-mail. You told me about your best friend. Now let me tell you about my best friend, Jane. Jane is as old as me, but she is a little shorter. She has brown hair and blue eyes. She is always happy. We are in the same class, and we often help each other with our schoolwork. I think she is smarter than me. We both enjoy playing table tennis, and we practice together every day. Sometimes, we play computer games. Jane usually wins(赢). What do you and your best