考博英语写作必记.doc

Pharmacopsychology精神药理学is a newly developed subject which is based on the studies on；According to；On the one hand on the other hand；speed up recovery through；indicate；placebo；The main elements of are；For example,Are fruits dispensable?Fruits contain minerals which human body needs and cant be synthesized by itself, fruits are beneficial to human health. According to related research, fruits can help to prevent kinds of diseases, such as lung cancer, stroke and coronary heart disease冠心病.co-r-on-ary同-人-上面-有关的冠的，冠状的Further research about relationship between and shows that Replace代替take the place ofthere are still some which havent been recognized. As have become an important research domain. 推迟delay，put offlove life，love your heartin the past decades，as peoples living standards are rising, cardiovascular diseases；Heart failurewhich used to happen more often among These deaths can be prevented if more people recognize the importance of leading healthy life. white collar白领should be educated aboutneglect疏忽，忽视look down uponrisk factor危险因子，风险因素avoidable可避免的junk food垃圾食品jog慢跑, swim游泳mountain climbing爬山.Surgeries and patients fearsAs is well known, surgical operationsanxious, nervous, depressed，frightened.which in turn influence the effects ofcare and comfort from family members, colleagues or doctors.Fortunately, something can be done to control or prevent for exampleHealth begins with breakfastIn fact breakfast is of great importance to Efficiency/performance效率、功效、绩效milk, egg, bread. in case of decayed teeth n. 龋齿decay衰退、腐烂de-cayadolescence青春期ado-lesc-ence阿斗像在青春期一样缺心眼，calciumPhysical exercises in winterspecial attention should be given to Light and warm clothes are advisable Meanwhile, it is important to blood vessels expand 血管ve-ss-elenergy consumption能量消耗.follow scientific instructions指示cold shower冷水浴alcohol酒精lkhlwomen in menstrual period生理期mens-tru-al男人们真的害怕女人的月经期morning exercises晨练indoor exercises；heavy foggy有雾的traffic accident交通事故road accidentpollutants污染物breathing through the nose is particularly preferred in cold weather.把作为指导 take as the guide 把握大局 grasp the overall situation 采取各种措施 adopt various measures be filled with confidence and strength 打破僵局 break the deadlock 打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone 得出结论reach a conclusion have a far-reaching impact on make important contributions贡献to bring both opportunities机遇 and challenges 挑战 to 缓和紧张状况 ease the tension alleviate someones burden 负担free our minds solve the problem of enter a new period 理顺关系 rationalize the relationship 迈出重要的一步 make an important step 审时度势 size up the situation 受到全世界广泛关注 attract lots of attention worldwide； 缩小差别 bridge the gap play a an important role in 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity 追求真理 seek the truth 遵循规则 follow the principles 二、经济类 爱岗敬业 cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares 保证下岗职工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers 被指控接受贿赂 be accused of accepting bribes 采取不同的办法 adopt various methods 采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures 承担风险 bear (take) risk 筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds (capital, proceeds) 创收外汇 earn foreign exchange (currency) 刺激国内经济需求 spur domestic demand 刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 从国外引进先进技术和管理 introduce from abroad the advanced technology and 经验 management expertise 促进地区间的合作 promote regional cooperation 促进改革 promote reform 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy 打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering 打假 take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods) 打打破垄断 break the monopoly 对提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against 对造成(构成)威胁 form (pose) a threat to 夺回失去的市场 take back lost market 发挥自身优势 give full play to ones advantages 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks 改善投资环境 improve the environment for investment 赶超先进 surpass the advanced 给带来积极影响 bring a more positive impact on 根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation 公证财产 notarize the properties 和达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with 和进一步合作 further cooperation with 和有合作关系 have cooperative ties with 活跃市场 enliven the market 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 计算出准确的工资水平 figure out an exact salary level 加快经济发展和结构调整 speed up economic development and restructuring 加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition 加快努力 speed up efforts 加强风险防范 prepare oneself against possible risks 加强管理 reinforce the management 减缓通货紧缩的压力 ease the seriousness of deflation 减轻的负担 reduce (lighten) the burden of (on) 减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 剪彩 cut the ribbon 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation 解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity) 精简机构 streamline government organs 竟争上岗 compete for the post 举报非法行为 disclose any illegal activities 开辟更多渠道 open more channels 开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market 开拓市场 exploit markets 控制通货膨胀 control inflation (keep inflation under control) 扩大贫富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor 扩大消费市场 expand consumption market 留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary 面对可能的压力和竞争 face possible pressure and competition 牟取暴利 seek excessive profits 平衡经济(的发展) balance economy 取缔非法收入 ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings) 让处于同一起跑线 put on the same platform and at the same starting point 让位于竞争需要 give way to the need for competition 申请专利 apply for a patent 实现目标 realize the goal 适应的发展 adapt oneself to the development of 损失惨重 suffer great losses 缩小不平衡状态 decrease the imbalance 缩小间的距离 narrow the gap between 提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants 提高管理水平 raise the management level 提高居民生活 improve residents standard of living 调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure 推广科研成果 turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass) production (commercialize laboratory achievements) 退还大量钱款 give back an amount of money 脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity 完善服务 perfect services 为带来多种经济和社会效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to 为提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities 吸收游资 absorb idle fund 吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment 下海 plunge into the commercial sea 陷入困境 land oneself in deep trouble 向投资巨额资金 invest huge amounts of money into 消灭假冒伪劣产品 wipe out fake products 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality 优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior 优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation 有巨大潜力 have huge potential for 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market 在建立分公司 set up branches in 造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on 造成损失 cause a loss to 增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture 占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market 招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas) 制订法律 make a law of 制定优惠政策 work out favorable policy 制造假象 create smoke screens to do 阻碍的经济发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development 阻止人才流失 stop the talent flight (brain drain) 遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy 三、文化生活类把列为世界自然文化遗产 list as a world natural heritage site 摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs (show off, keep up appearances) 保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage (relics) 博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries 不注重历史 neglect history 采取保护态度 take protective attitude 承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations 承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past and usher in the future 充分发挥知识分子的积极性 give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals 和创造性触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law 创建卫生城市 build a nationally advanced clean city 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new) 从事电子商务工作 conduct e-commerce 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally 促进交流 promote the communication 促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products 促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding 得到群众的广泛支持 enjoy grass-root support 抵住的诱惑 resist the temptation of 对持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to 对情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to 发挥的聪明才智 develop ones own talents and wisdom 发挥潜力 tap ones potential 繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art 反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China 放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off ones high horse, throw off ones airs) 腐蚀人的灵魂 poison ones mind 改进教学 improve teaching and learning 给学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 和持相同观点 share views similar to 互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars 激发旅游热情 stimulate enthusiasm for traveling 继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions 加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments 讲诚信，反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating 交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions) 教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people 经受住暴风雨的考验 weather the storm 精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care 净化因特网 purify the Net 举办文化节(展览会) hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition) 举行学术会议 hold an academic meeting 开创假日经济 initiate Holiday Economy 开发潜力 exploit ones potential 开阔视野 widen ones vision (horizon) 开设课程 offer courses 开展对外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries 开展群众性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture 攀登事业的高峰 climb ones career ladder 评估学业成绩 evaluate academic scores (achievements) 破除迷信 eradicate superstition 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal 普及科普知识，传播科学 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread 思想，倡导科学精神 scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit 启发学生 enlighten the students 容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers 扫除文盲 eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy 上网 get on (have access to, be wired to) Internet 实施以德育为核心、以创新 carry on the quality education centering on moral education 精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice 素质教育使英语达到更高水平 push ones English to a higher level 受到的关注 receive attention from 疏导游客 divert tourists 疏通关系 lubricate relationships 树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image 刷卡, 划卡 punch the card; stamp the card 陶冶情操 cultivate ones taste (temperament) 提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life) 提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants 提高全民反毒品的意识 raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs 提高知名度 raise ones prestige 提供受教育机会 offer a chance of education 通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations 透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence 推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization 挖墙脚 undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sbs feet) 物质文明,精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress 相互促进 help each other forward 向世界展示中国文化建设 introduce Chinas achievements of cultural advancement to 的成就 the world 向学生传授知识 impart knowledge to students 消除误解 clear up misunderstanding 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance 形成文明、健康、崇尚科学 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice 的社会风尚以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude 引起激烈争论 spark a hot debate 营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment 影响身心健康 affect physical and psychological health 有力地推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education 与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries 增强自我保护意识 strengthen ones awareness of protecting ones right 找工作 hunt for a job 值得重视(关注) deserve ones attention 制止盗版软件 control the pirated software 重视(优先考虑)教育发展 give priority to the development of education 重视实用性 place stress on practicality 尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people 四、科技环保类 帮助减缓全球变暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming 保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance 保持水土 preserve soil and water 保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and the 保护珍稀野生动植物 protect rare wild animals and plants 保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland 采用环保技术 adopt environmental protection technique 采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods 参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city 参加环保运动 take part in environmental protection activities 产生巨大的水文效应 produce great hydrological effect崇尚绿色生活方式 pursue a “green” life 创造良好的生态环境 create a pleasant ecological environment 促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city 发展太阳能 develop solar energy 防治污染 prevent and control pollution 非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest 改善生态环境 improve the eco-environment (ecological environment) 关闭化工厂 close chemical plants 加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control 加强城市绿化 strengthen the greening of the city 加强环境保护 strengthen environmental protection 加强生态建设 improve the eco-construction 加强水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil 坚持门前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area” 减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles 减少浪费 reduce waste 揭开人类生命的奥秘 decode the secret of human life 进一步加快环保规划 further speed up environmental protection plans 禁止露天焚烧 prohibit burning out in the open 开展保护野生动物宣传教育 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals 开展绿色活动 advocate green activities 扩建管道网络 expand the pipe network 普及环保知识 popularize environmental protection knowledge 窃取密码 snatch password 窃取知识产权 lift intellectual property 实行严格的机动车排放标准 implement strict vehicle emission standards 使电脑死机 crash computers 使用再生纸 use recycle paper 探索的奥秘 probe the mysteries of 淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉 eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers 提高环境管理水平 raise the environmental management level 提高居民的环保和生态意识 improve residents environmental and ecological awareness 提高清洁能源的比重 increase the supply of clean energy resources 投放电脑病毒 unleash viruses 完善城市基础设施建设 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 为大量野生动植物提供栖息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants 为人类提供水和食物 supply water and food for human beings 享受国家一级保护 enjoy first-class protection of the State 削减污物排放 decrease the disposal of pollutants 抑制传染病的传播 strain the spread of infectious diseases 引发一系列的问题 result in a series of problems 预防爱滋病蔓延 prevent the widespread of AIDS 增强环境意识 enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection 战胜非典 defeat SARS 治理沙地和水土流失问题 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion 注重节约资源 attach importance to saving resources 五、人口类 不服从父母 disobey their parents 倡导人力资源管理 advocate the management of human resources 调查性和婚姻状况 conduct a survey on sex and marriage 对子女寄予厚望 pin great hopes on their children 反映人们的私生活 reflect peoples private lives 鼓励创建文明家庭 encourage the idea of “Civilized Families” 过孤独的生活 lead an isolated life 坚持计划生育的基本国策 stick to the basic state policy for family planning 进行全国人口普查 carry out national population census 禁止他人作克隆人的实验 inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments 开辟人类历史新纪元 start a new chapter in the history of human 控制人口数量(增长) control the population size (growth) 实现向低出生、低死亡、低 bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction 自然增长的现代人口再生 pattern characterized by a low birth rate, low death rate and 产类型的转变 low natural growth rate 损害人类社会的道德观 damage the morality of human society 缩小代沟 narrow the gap 提倡晚婚晚育 encourage late marriage and late childbirth 提出离婚 ask for a divorce 提高人口素质 improve the population quality 维护和促进人民的生存权 safeguard and promote the peoples rights to subsistence and 和发展权 development 维护*和不断改善*状况 safeguard human rights and steadily improve the human rights situation 享受优越的生活条件 enjoy good living condition 显示明显的差异 display a marked difference 优化人口结构 optimize the population structure 优生优育 bear and rear better children 占总人口的10% account for 10% of the total population 造成不同的思想和观念 result in a different ideology and concepts 造福人类和科学 benefit mankind and science 正确处理经济发展同人口、 correctly handle the relationship of economic development 资源、环境的关系 versus (with) population，natural resources and environment 征求父母的意见 ask for her parents opinion 挣零花钱 earn their pocket money 重视人口老年化问题 pay attention to the problem of an aging population 逐渐削弱长辈的权威 undermine the authority of the older generation 尊重和保障* respect and guarantee human rights 六、体育类 避开与比赛 avoid playing against 标志一个历史时刻 mark a historic time 表现完美 give some very good performance 剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody 采取新的计分方法 adopt a new scoring system 参加火炬接力 participate in the torch-relay 参加热身赛 take part in a key warm-up game 参加申办活动 participate in the bidding campaign 超过世界记录 surpass the world record 成为国家的骄傲 become the pride of the nation 创新世界纪录 set a new world record 达到国际体育标准 reach the standard for international games 打败比利时队 defe