2011年理工B职称英语真题及答案.doc

第1部分：词汇选择（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。1.Theoldconcernsloseimportanceandsomeofthemvanishaltogether.A.develop B.disappear C.linger D.renew2.IntheUnitedStateseducationalsystem,intermediateschoolisthetransitionalphasebetweentheprimarygradesandhighschool.A.stage B.notion C.pattern D.alternative3.Fluoridedeterstoothdecaybyreducingthegrowthofbacteriathatdestroytoothenamel.A.facilitates B.overwhelms C.inhibits D.loosens4.ThefirmofBonninandMorrisinPhiladelphiawasprobablythefirstAmericanCompanytomanufactureporcelain.A.silverware B.crystal C.china D.linen5.Gunpowderwasusedextensivelyinfirearmspriorto1990.A.in B.around C.from D.before6.WepackedupthethingsIhadaccumulatedoverthelastthreeyearsandleftforgood.A.close B.near C.past D.final7.Thechemicalislethaltoratsbutsafetocattle.A.toxic B.harmful C.deadly D.contagious8.Sheisveryconscientiousaboutherwork.A.worried B.careful C.anxious D.nervous9.Shehasconsolidatedherpower.A.strengthened B.won C.hardened D.united10.Thedrinkingwateriscontaminatedwithimpurities.A.blackened B.polluted C.darkened D.mixed11.HernoveldepictsafuturisticAmerica.A.writes B.sketches C.describes D.indicates12.Heexpressedconcernthattheshipmightbeindistress.A.despair B.difficulties C.need D.danger13.Theyareendeavoringtochangesocietyasawhole.A.trying B.working C.doing D.making14.Youreternalboastingannoyseveryone,A.unchangeable B.everlasting C.boring D.monotonous15.Theotherwomenseemedcontentedandtheyevenexhibitedtheirbellieswithpride.A.demonstrated B.uncovered C.spread D.showed第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后，列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。MotherNatureShowsHerStrengthTornadoes(龙卷风)andheavythunderstormsmovedacrosstheGreatLakesandintoTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.Thestormsweredramaticanddangerous.GeorgeSnyderwasdrivingthefiretruckdownRoute88whenhefirstnoticedthatafunnel(漏斗状的)cloudwasbehindhim.Istoppedthetruckandwatchedthefunnelcloud.Itwasabout100feetoffthegroundandIsawitgoupanddownforawhile.ItwasmovingtowardBradleyRoadandthensuddenlyitdisappeared.Snydersaid.SnyderonlysawoneofthefunnelcloudsthatpassedthroughnortheasternOhioonSaturday.InTrumbullCounty,atornadoturnedtreesontotheirsides.SometreesfeelontohousesandCars.Othertreesfellintotelephoneandelectricalwiresastheywentdown.AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartywhenthestormbegan.Iknewsomethingwaswrong，shesaid.Isawtheskygogreenandpink(粉红色).Thenitsoundedlikeatrainrushingtowardthehouse.Istartedcryingandtoldeveryonetogotothebasementforprotection.Thetornadocausedalotofdamagetocarsandhousesinthearea.Itwilltakealongtimeandmuchmoneytorepaireverything.Therewasalsoseriouswaterdamagefrommeunderstorms.Theheavyrainsandhighwindcausedthepowertogooutinmanyhomes.Thestormscausedseriousfloodinginareasneartheriver.MorethanfourinchesofrainfellinpartsofTrumbullCounty.Theriverwassohighthatthewaterranintostreetsandhouses.ManystreetshadtobeclosedtoCarsandtrucksbecauseofthehighwater.Thismadeitdifficultforfiretrucks.policecars，andotherrescuevehiclestohelppeoplewhowereintrouble.Manypeoplewholiveneartheriverhadtoleavetheirhomesfortheirownsafety.Somepeoplereportedfivefeetofwaterintheirhomes.Localandstateofficialsopenedemergencysheltersforthepeoplewhowereevacuated(撤走).TheRedCrossservedmealstothem.Thiswasareallyintensestorm。saidSnyder.Peoplewereafraid。MotherNaturecallbefierce.Wewereluckythistime.Noonewaskilled.16.TheweatherwasniceinTrumbullCountyonSaturdayevening.A.Right B.WrongC.Notmentioned17.GeorgeSnyderwasafirefighter.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned18.AmandaSymcheckwashavingapartyinthebasementwhenthestormbegan.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned19.Powersupplysystemwasnotdamagedduringthestoma.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned20.TherehadnotbeensuchaseverestorminTrumbullCountyforahundredyears.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned21.Rescuevehicleshadahardtimegettingtopeople.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned22.Severalpeopleweremissingduringthestorm.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有两项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2-5段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Cloning：FuturePerfect?1Acloneisanexactcopyofaplantoranimalproducedfromanyonecell.SinceScottishscientistsreportedthattheyhadmanagedtocloneasheepnamedDollyin1997,researchintocloninghasgrownrapidly.InMayl998,scientistsinMassachusettsmanagedtocreatetwoidenticalcalvesusingcloningtechnology.Amousehasalsobeenclonedsuccessfully.ButthedebateovercloninghumansreallystartedwhenChicagophysicistRichardSeedmadeasurprisingannouncement:Wewillhavemanagedtocloneahumanbeingwithinthenexttwoyears,hetoldtheworld.2Seedsannouncementprovokedalotofmediaattention,mostofitnegative.InEurope,nineteennationshavealreadysignedanagreementbanninghumancloningandintheUSthePresidentannounced:WewillbeintroducingalawtobanallhumancloningandmanystatesintheUSwillhavepassedanti-cloninglawsbytheendoftheyear.3Manyresearchersarenotsonegativeaboutcloning.Theyareworriedthatlawsbanninghumancloningwillthreatenimportantresearch.InMarch,theNewEnglandJournalofMedicinecalledanyplantobanresearchoncloninghumansseriouslymistaken.Manyresearchersalsobelievethatinspiteofattemptstobanit,humancloningwillhavebecomeroutineby2010becauseitisimpossibletostoptheprogressofscience.4Istherereasontofearthatcloningwillleadtoanightmareworld?Thepublichasbeenbombardedwithnewspaperarticles,televisionshowsandfilms,aswellascartoons.Suchinformationisoftenmisleading,andmakespeoplewonderwhatonearththescientistswillbedoingnext.5Withinthenextfivetotenyearsscientistswillprobablyhavefoundawayofcloninghumans.Itcouldbethatprettysoonwewillbeabletochoosethepersonthatwewantourchildtolooklike.Buthowwoulditfeeltobeacloneamonghundreds,theanti-clonersask.Prettycool,answerthepro-cloners.23.Paragraph1_24.Paragraph2_25.Paragraph3_26.Paragraph4_A.StrongReactionsB.AnxietyaboutthefutureofCloningC.TheRightChooseD.WhatIsCloning?E.ArgumentsinFavorofCloningF.ACommonSight27.RichardSeedclaimedtobealleletoclone_28.RichardSeedsannouncementreceived_29.TheUnitedStateswillintroduce_30.Withintenyearsscientistswillprobablyhave_A.thenucleusofacellB.clonedhumanbeingsC.ahumanbeingintwoyearsD.alawtobanhumancloningE.areportonhumancloningF.heavymediacoverage第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每道题确定一个最佳选项。第一篇WalkingRobotCarriesaPersonThefirstwalkingrobotcapableofcarryingapersonunveiledonFridayinTokyo,Japan.ItscreatorsatWasedaUniversityinTokyoandtheJapaneseroboticscompanyTmsukhopetheirtwo-leggedcreationwillonedayenablewheel-chairuserstoclimbupanddownstairsandassistthemovementofheavygoodsoveruneventerrain.Thebattery-poweredrobot,code-namedWL-16,isessentiallyanaluminumchairmountedontwosetsoftelescopicpoles.Thepolesareboltedtoflatplateswhichactasfeet.WL-6uses12actuatorstomoveforwards,backwardsandsidewayswhilecarryinganadultweighingupto60kilograms(130pounds).Therobotcanadjustitspostureandwalksmoothlyevenifthepersonitiscarryingshiftsinthechair.Atpresentitcanonlystepupordownafewmil1imeters,buttheteamplanstomakeitcapableofdea1ingwithanormalflightofstairs.Ibelievethisbipedalrobot,whichIprefertocallatwo-leggedwalkingchairratherthanawheel-chair,willeventuallyenablepeopletogoupanddownthestairs,saidAtsuoTakanishi,fromWasedaUniversityWehavehadstrongrobotsforsometimebutusuallytheyhavebeenmanipulators,theyhavenotbeengearedtocarryingpeoplearound,saysRonArkin,attheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyandroboticsconsultantforSony.ButIdontknowhowsafeandhowuser-friendlyWL-16is.TmsukchiefexecutiveYoichiTakamotoarguesthatbipedalormulti-leggedrobotswillbemoreusefulthanso-calledcaterpillarmodelsformovingoverunevenground.WL-16snormalwalkingstridemeasures30centimeters,butitcanstretchitslegsto136cmapart.Theprototypeiscurrentlyradio-controlled,buttheresearchteamplanstoequipitwithastick-likecontrollerfortheuserinfuture,Takanishisaid,itwi1ltakeatleasttwoyearstodeveloptheWL-16prototypeintoaworkingmodel.Smaller,ground-huggingrobotshavebeendevelopedtopassacrosstrickyterrain.Onemaggot-likedeviceusesamagneticfluidtopulseitswayalong,whileanothersnake-likerobotusessmartsoftwaretodevisenewmovementstrategiesifthelandscapetakesitstollonanyonepart.Oneball-shapedrobotevenusesaleap-and-bounceapproachtotraveloverbumpyterritory.Butnoneofthesearebigorstrongenoughtocarryapersontoo.31.TherobotthatunveiledonFridayinTokyo,JapanA.hastwolegsandisabletocarryaperson.B.surprisedvisitorsfromWasedaUniversity.C.enableswheel-chairuserstoclimbupanddownstairs.D.cantransportheavygoodsoveruneventerrain.32.WhichofthefollowingabouthowtherobotworksisNOTcorrect?A.Therobotisbattery-powered.B.Therobothastwosetsofpolesmountedonflatplates.C.Therobotusesactuatorstomoveabout.D.Therobotcancapanadultofupto60kilograms.33.WhatdoesRonArkinthinkofWL-l6?A.Hethinkstherobotisuser-friendly.B.Hethinksiti8anotherkindofmanipulator.C.HeisnotsureiftherobotcancappeoplesafelyD.Hedoubtsiftherobotisstrongenoughtoclimbstairs.34.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionaboutWL-l6istrue?A.Itisaground-huggingrobot.B.Itisacaterpillarmodel.C.Itneedstimetobedevelopedintoaworkingmodel.D.Itisgoingtoberadio-controlled.35.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Differentshapesofrobotsperformdifferentfunctions. B.Manykindsofrobotshavebeendevelopedtowalkovertrickyterrain.C.Robots,bigorsmall,performalmostthesamefunction.D.Noneofthefourkindsofrobotsarestrongenoughtocarrypeoplearound.第二篇NightoftheLivingAntsWhenanantdies,otherantsmovethedeadinsectoutofthenest.Thisbehaviorisinterestingtoscientists,whowonderhowantsknowforsure-andsosoon-thatanotherantisdead.Dong-HwanChoe,ascientistattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatArgentineantshaveachemicalontheoutsideoftheirbodiesthatsignalstootherants,Imdead-takemeaway.ButtheresatwisttoChoesdiscovery.Theseantsarealittlebitlikezombies.Choesaysthatthelivingants-notjustthedeadones-havethisdeathchemical.Inotherwords,whileanantcrawlsaround,perhapsinapicnicorhome,itstellingotherantsthatitsdead.Whatkeepsantsfromhaulingawaythelivingdead?ChoefoundthatArgentineantshavetwoadditionalchemicalsontheirbodies,andthesetellnearbyantssomethinglike,wait-Imnotdeadyet.SoChoesresearchturneduptwosetsofchemicalsignalsinants:onesays,Imdead,theothersetsays,Imnotdeadyet.Otherscientistshavetriedtofigureouthowantsknowwhenanotherantisdead.Ifanantisknockedunconscious,otherantsleaveitaloneuntilitwakesup.Thatmeansantsknowthatunmovingantscanstillbealive.ChoesuspectsthatwhenanArgentineantdies,thechemicalthatsaysWait-Imnotdeadyetquicklygoesaway.Oncethatchemicalisgone,onlytheonethatsaysImdeadisleft.Itsbecausethedeadantnolongersmellslikealivingantthatitgetscardedtothegraveyard,notbecauseitsbodyreleasesnewuniquechemicalsafterdeath,saidChoe.Whenotherantsdetectthedeadchemicalwithoutthenotdeadyetchemical,theyhaulawaythebody.ThiswasChoeshypothesis.Totesthishypothesis,ChoeandhisteamputdifferentchemicalsonArgentineantpupae.WhenthescientistsusedtheImdeadchemical,otherantsquicklyhauledthetreatedpupae7away.WhenthescientistsusedtheWait-Imnotdeadyetchemicals,otherantsleftthetreatedpupaealone.Choebelievesthisbehaviorshowsthatthenotdeadyetchemicalsoverridethedeadchemicalwhenpickedupbyadultants.Andthatwhenanantdies,thenotdeadyetchemicalsfadeaway.Othernearbyantsthendetecttheremainingdeadchemicalandremovethebodyfromthenest.36.Whatismeantbydeathchemicalmentionedinparagraph3?A.Achemicalthatcontainspoison.B.Achemicalthatcausesdeath.C.Achemicalthatannouncesdeath.D.Achemicalthatpreventsdeath.37.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothequestionWhatkeepsantsfromhaulingawaythelivingdead?(paragraph4)?A.Howdoantsknowwhatistobehauledawayfromthedeadants?B.Whatpreventsantsfromremovingtheantsthatarenotyetdead?C.Whatdoantsdotokeepthemselvesawayfromthedyingants?D.Whatpreventsantsfrombeingcarriedawayaftertheydie.38.WhatisNOTtrueaboutChoesfinding?A.Whenanantdies,itproducesaIamdeadsignal.B.Livingantshavethedeathchemicalontheirbodies.C.Antshavetwosetsofchemicalsontheftbodies.D.AntshavetheIamnotdeadchemicalontheirbodies.39.AccordingtoChoeshypothesis,A.anantstillsmellslikealivingwhenitdies.B.theIamdeadchemicalleavestheantsbodywhenitdies.C.theIamnotdeadyetchemicalisleftwhenanantdies.D.theIamnotdeadyetchemicalleavestheantsbodywhenitdies.40.WhatistheresultofthetestonChoeshypothesis?A.Itprovesthathishypothesisistime.B.Notenoughevidencehasbeenfoundtosupporthishypothesis.C.Itshowsthathishypothesisiswrong.D.Itindicatesthathishypothesisneedsrevising.第三篇HowtoInterviewPeopleInterviewing(采访)isoneofthoseskillsthatyoucanonlygetbetterat.Youwillneveragainfeelsoillateaseaswhenyoutryitforthefirsttime,andyoullprobablyneverfeelentirelycomfortabletryingtogetfromanotherpersonanswersthatheorshemaybetooshytoreveal.Butatleasthalfoftheskillismechanical.Therestisinstinct,whichcanallbelearnedwithexperience.Thebasictoolforaninterviewarepaperandtwoorthreewell-sharpenedpencils.Butkeepyournotebookorpaperoutofsightuntilyouneedit.Theresnothinglesslikelytorelaxapersonthanthearrivalofsomeonewithanote-takingpad.Bothsortofpersonyouredealingwith,gettinghimorhertotrustyou.Nevergointoaninterviewwithoutdoingwhateverhomeworkyoucan.Ifyouareinterviewingatownofficial,knowhisvotingrecord.Ifitsanactor,knowwhatplayshehasbeenin.Youwillnotbelikedifyouinquireaboutfactsthatyoucouldhavelearnedinadvance.Manybeginninginterviewersareafraidthattheyareforcingtheotherpersontoanswerquestionsandhavenorighttoinquireabouthispersonalsecrets.Thisfearisalmost100percentunnecessary.Unlessthepersonreallyhatesbeinginterviewed,heisdelightedthatsomebodywantstointerviewhim.Mostmenandwomenleadlivesthatareuninteresting,andtheygraspanychancetotalktoanoutsiderwhoseemseagertolisten.wThisdoesntnecessarilymeanthatitwillgowell.Ingeneralyouwillbetalkingtopeoplewhohaveneverbeeninterviewedbefore,andtheywillgetusedtotheprocessawkwardly,perhapsnotgivingyouanythingthatyoucanuse.Comebackanotherday;itwillgobetter.Youwillbothevenbegintoenjoyitproofthatyouarentforcingyourvictimtodosomethinghedoesntreallywantto.41.Thewordreveal(inline4ofparagraph1)couldbestbereplacedbyA.askB.questionC.giveD.seek42.Accordingtothepassage,duringaninterviewnotebooksorpapershouldA.neverbeusedB.beusedonlywhennecessaryC.bekeptathomeD.begiventotheinterviewee43.Thewriterofthepassagesuggeststhatbeforeinterviewingaperson,youshouldA.haveagoodrestB.visitatownofficialC.meetanactorD.makepreparations44.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph4thatmostmenandwomenA.areafraidtomeetinterviewersB.hatebeinginterviewedC.likebeinginterviewedD.feartospeaktooutsiders45.Accordingtothepassage,ifapersonbeinginterviewedistoouneasytogiveyouanythinguseful,whatshouldyoudo?A.ArrangeanotherinterviewB.GivehimorherabadscoreC.WaituntilheorshecalmsdownD.Trytomakehimorhertrustyou第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。ConservationorWastedEffort?Theblackrobin(旅鸫)isoneoftheworldsrarestbirds.Itisasmall，wildbird，anditlivesonlyontheislandofLittleMangere，offthecoastofNewZealand.In1967therewereaboutfiftyblackrobinsthere;in1977therewerefewerthanten._(46).Energeticstepsarebeingtakentopreservetheblackrobin._(47)Theideaistobuyanotherislandnearbyasaspecialhome，areserve，forthreatenedwildlife，includingblackrobins.TheorganizerssaythatLittleMangereshouldthenberestocked(重新准备)withtherobinsfood.ThousandsoftherequiredplantsareatpresentbeingcultivatedinNewZealand.Isallthisconcernawasteofhumaneffort?_(48)Arewelosingoursenseofwhatisreasonableandwhatisunreasonable?Intheearthslong，longpasthundredsofkindsofcreatureshaveevolved，risentoadegreeofsuccessanddiedout.Inthelong，longfuturetherewillbemanynewanddifferentformsoflife.Thosecreaturesthatadaptthemselvessuccessfullytowhattheearthofferswillsurviveforalongtime._(49)Thisisnaturesprovenmethodofoperation.Theruleofselection-thesurvivalofthefittest-istheonebywhichhumanbeingshavethemselvesarrivedonthescene.We，beingodeofthemostadaptablecreaturestheearthhasyetproduced，maylastlongerthanmost._(50).Youmaytakeitasanotherrulethatwhen，atlast.humanbeingsshowsignsofdyingout，noothercreaturewillextendapaw(爪)topostponeourdeparture.Onthecontrary,wewillbehurriedout.Lifeseemstohavegrowntootoughforblackrobins.Ileaveyoutojudgewhetherweshouldtrytodoanythingaboutit.A.Somecreatures，certainsmallanimals，insectsandbirds，willalmostcertainlyoutlast(比长久)man，fortheyseemevenmoreadaptable.B.Thosethatfailtomeetthechallengeswilldisappearearly.C.Detailedstudiesaregoingon，andapublicappealformoneyhasbeenmade.D.BothrepresentordersintheclassificationoflifeE.Isitanybusinessofourswhethertheblackrobinsurvivesordiesout?F.Thesearetheonlyblackrobinsleftintheworld第6部分：完形填空(第5165题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定一个最佳选项。TheCaseoftheDisappearingFingerprintsOneusefulanti-cancerdrugcaneffectivelyerasethewhorlsandothercharacteristicmarksthatgivepeopletheirdistinctivefingerprints.Losing51becometroublesome.AcasereleasedonlineinaletterbyAnnalsofOncologyindicateshowbiga52oflosingfingerprintsis.Eng-HuatTan,aSingapore-basedmedicaldoctordescribesa62-yearoldmanwhohasusedcapecitabineto53hisnasopharyngealcancer.Afterthreeyearso