2018年湖南省师大附中高三高考模拟卷(二)试题英语.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除2018年湖南省师大附中高三高考模拟卷（二）试题英语本试题卷分为听力、阅读理解、英语知识运用和写作四个部分，共14页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEnglishWorld languageOnce people dreamed of a language that everybody in the world could understand. Now, for the first time in human history, perhaps there is oneEnglish. It is the official language in more than 50 countries and 250300 million speak it as a second language. Some say that half the world will be speaking it in the year 2050.b5E2RGbCDifficult to master?English is not the easiest language to learnmost of its common verbs are irregular and it has a large vocabularyat least 200，000 words are in common use. Its pronunciation and written form are also very different.p1EanqFDUserfriendlyBut some things make it easynouns dont have gender and verbs are less complicated than other languages. There is only one form to speak to someone directlyyou. Adjectives dont agree with nouns, and many nouns are often also verbs.DXDiTa9EEnglish is everywhereSome other languages may have more speakers, like Spanish or Mandarin. But English is used in many different areas. It is the language of transport: most airline pilots and airtraffic controllers use it. At sea a simple form of English is the international language of communication.RTCrpUDGEnglish for progressIt is also the first language of science, technology and educationan estimated 80 per cent of the information stored on the internet is in English and 90 per cent of schoolchildren in European countries study it as their first foreign language.5PCzVD7HNew wordsAround 25,000 new words and expressions enter the English language every year. Do you know what a helicopter parent is?a mother or father too involved in the life of their child. And what about a boomerang child?a young adult who returns to live with their parents for financial reasons.jLBHrnAIThe future of EnglishWhat is the future of English as a global language? Will another language ever replace it? Many think notit is already too popular.xHAQX74J21. According to the text, how many people speak English as a second language?LDAYtRyKA. Around 25，000 million.B. 250300 million.C. At least 200，000 million.D. 90 million.解析：第一段中可找到答案。答案：B22. According to the text, why could English be used as a global language?Zzz6ZB2LA. It has more speakers, compared with other languages.dvzfvkwMB. Adjectives agree with nouns.C. It is the first language of science, technology and education.rqyn14ZND. It is the easiest language to learn.解析：根据第四段第一句可知A错误，从第三段看出B错误，从第五段可知C正确，从第二段可知D错误。答案：C23. Which of the following words best describes the writers attitude?EmxvxOtOA. Objective.B. Subjective.C. Indifferent.D. Critical.解析：阅读全文可知，作者只是在客观陈述事实，并没有发表个人看法，所以A正确。答案：ABMy son Gilbert was eight years old and had been in the Cub Scouts(童子军团) only a short time. Once he was handed a sheet of paper, a block of wood and four tires and told to return home and give them all to his father. That was not an easy task for Gilbert to do. The piece of paper was a set of instructions about how to build a wooden racing car. Gilberts father laughed when he read the instructions. The block of wood remained untouched as the weeks passed.SixE2yXPFinally, I stepped in to see if I could figure it all out. Having no skills, I decided it would be best if I simply read the instructions and let Gilbert do the work. And he did. Within days, his block of wood was turning into a pinewood racing car.6ewMyirQThen the big night came. With his pinewood racing car in his hand and pride in his heart we headed to the big race. As the race was done in elimination fashion(淘汰赛形式), you could keep racing as long as you were the winner.kavU42VRFinally, it was between Gilbert and the fastestlooking car there. As the race was about to begin, Gilbert asked if they could stop for a minute, because he wanted to pray. Then the race stopped.y6v3ALoSGilbert prayed in earnest for a very long minute. The Master came up to Gilbert and asked the obvious question, “So you prayed to win, Gilbert?”M2ub6vSTMy young son answered, “Oh, no Sir. It wouldnt be fair to ask God to help you beat someone else. I just asked him to make it so I dont cry when I lose.”0YujCfmUChildren seem to have wisdom far beyond us. Perhaps we spend too much of our prayer time asking God to control the race, make us number one, or remove us from the struggle, when we should be seeking Gods strength to get through our difficulties.eUts8ZQV24. The block of wood remained untouched for weeks because_.sQsAEJkWA. Gilbert didnt want to make the carB. nobody guided Gilbert through the instructionsC. Gilberts father was too busy to make the carD. the author promised that she would make the car解析：从下文可知，妈妈给Gilbert念了说明，他就自己把车做好了，所以A错误B正确。C项和D项没有提及。GMsIasNX答案：B25. _ finally made the pinewood racing car.A. GilbertB. Gilberts fatherC. The authorD. Gilbert and his father解析：从第二段可知，作者只是给Gilbert 阅读了说明，是Gilbert自己做的车。答案：A26. We can infer from the passage that _A. Gilberts father was irresponsibleB. Gilbert was very proud of his carC. Gilbert wanted to win the game very muchD. Gilbert was the cleverest child in his class解析：Gilbert的爸爸不和他一起做车并不能推出他就是不负责任的，所以A错误。从第三段第二句可知B正确。从后文可知C错误。D项没有提及。TIrRGchY答案：B27. The author wrote the passage in order to tell us that _7EqZcWLZA. winning is the most important thingB. victory is having the courage to overcome difficultieslzq7IGf0C. we should spend more time with our childrenD. children have much more wisdom than adults解析：全文作者的观点是名次并不是最重要的，重要的是有克服困难的勇气。A项的输赢不是重点，B项正确，C项没有提及，D项只是作者的一个感慨，且文章句中用的是seem，并不是说客观上总是这样，所以D错误。zvpgeqJ1答案：BCFinding fruits and vegetables at your typical grocery store that have been grown without the extensive use of pesticides can be difficult. Fortunately, The Environmental Working Group(EWG) has done all of the work for you in finding healthy and pesticidefree produce.NrpoJac3EWG has created the 2018 Shoppers Guide to Pesticides in Produce, which helps shoppers to find uncontaminated produce. Many consumers do not realize that pesticide residues(残留) are very common on conventionally grown produce products, even after they have been washed or peeled. Because of this, EWG has created their series of guides to lead consumers to safer food choices.1nowfTG4In order to create these guides, EWG analyzed the USDA pesticides tests, which found a total of 230 different pesticides and pesticides breakdown products on thousands of produce samples. Analyzing this information, EWG observed the big differences of the amount of pesticides found from product to product.fjnFLDa5The guides two main components are two compiled lists highlighting the cleanest and dirtiest produce concerning pesticides. These two lists, Dirty Dozen and Clean Fifteen, show consumers how certain foods continue to carry trace amounts of pesticides with them all the way to the grocery store shelves, while others make it to your kitchen virtually pesticidefree.tfnNhnE6Some of the highlights from their analyses included the following findings：HbmVN777 More than onethird of strawberry samples analyzed in 2016 contained 10 or more pesticide residues and breakdown products.V7l4jRB8 Spinach(菠菜) samples had, on average, almost twice as much pesticide residue by weight compared to any other crop.83lcPA59 No single fruit sample from the Clean Fifteen tested positive for more than four pesticides.mZkklkza“With EWGs guide, consumers can fill their fridges and fruit bowls with plenty of healthy conventional and organic produce that isnt contaminated with multiple pesticide residue，” said Sonya Lunder, a senior analyst in EWG.AVktR43bOnly 25 years ago, the National Academy of Sciences raised concerns about exposure to poisonous pesticides in our food, yet consumers still consume a mixture of pesticides every day in America.ORjBnOwc28. Why did EWG create the 2018 Shoppers Guide to Pesticides in Produce?2MiJTy0dA. To analyze the USDA pesticides tests.B. To advertise organic produce.C. To warn some food companies.D. To help consumers make safer choices.解析：由题干关键词EWG和Shoppers Guide定位至第二段，第二段第二句详细解释了原因。第三句because of this 与第二句相呼应，后面的to lead consumers to safer food choices对原因进行了总结和直接表达，故选D。gIiSpiue答案：D29. What is the result from the analysis of the USDA pesticides tests?uEh0U1YfA. All the samples are polluted.B. 230 pesticides are banned.C. Pesticide amounts vary in products.D. All strawberries are poisonous.解析：由题干USDA和analysis定位到第三段最后一句话，analyzing是analysis的同义替换，故答案隐藏在Analyzing的后面，故选C。IAg9qLsg答案：C30. Where are shoppers most likely to find spinach?WwghWvVhA. Dirty Dozen list.B. Organic food advertisement.C. Clean Fifteen list.D. Safer food list.解析：由题干spinach定位到第五段第二个发现，即菠菜含有比其他作物两倍以上的农药残留物，结合上下文对4个选项的含义解释，可得A答案。asfpsfpi答案：A31. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?ooeyYZTjA. All conventional produce is safe.B. No pesticides were used on crops 25 years ago.C. Consumers never worry about pesticides.D. Produce safety remains a problem.解析：最后两段提到消费者在EWG的指导下可以选择许多健康无农药残留的产品以及25年前科学院就人们的食物中接触有毒农药提出了担忧，但消费者仍然每天都在消费混合农药。故A、B都错，A错在太绝对，B和文中事实相反。C是逻辑错误，假如消费者不担心，这个组织也不会创建这些指南，消费者也不需要用清洗或者去皮的方法防止食入农药了，故选D。BkeGuInk答案：DDScientists have discovered why the Mona Lisas expression looks so different to different people and at different times.PgdO0sRlFor centuries, art lovers and critics have been confused by and debated the Leonardo Da Vinci paintings gaze and slight smile?3cdXwckmBut new research from the University of California, San Francisco has shed_new_light on the shining and seemingly changing face of the Mona Lisa.h8c52WOnThrough experiments, they discovered that our emotions really do change how we see a neutral(中性的) face.v4bdyGioDr Erika Siegel and her colleagues study how our emotions change our perceptions(感知) of the world around useven when we arent aware that something has changed our feelings.J0bm4qMpThis relies on the modern theory of the brain as a predictive organ, instead of a reactive one， says Dr Siegel.XVauA9grIn other words, we have a lifetime of experience and we use those experiences to predict what we are going to experience next.bR9C6TJsWe all have one dominant(支配的) eye and one more passive nondominant one. If each eye is receiving different information, we only consciously perceive what dominant one sees. But nondominant sights can still enter our subconscious.pN9LBDdtThey showed 43 people two sets of flashing images at the same time, so that the dominant eye saw and registered neutral expressions, while the nondominant eye saw flashes of neutral, or smiling faces, which they would only subconsciously be aware of.DJ8T7nHuAfter viewing the flashing faces, the researchers showed the participants options of faces and asked them to pick out which ones they had seen.QF81D7bvWhen their nondominant eyes had seen a happy face, they were more likely to think the neutral face had actually been smiling, and the same was true for other expressions.4B7a9QFwThis means that if you see the Mona Lisa after you have just had a screaming fight with your husband, youre going to see the painting differently， says Dr Siegel.ix6iFA8xBut if youre having the time of your life at the Louvre, youre going to see the mysterious smile, she adds.wt6qbkCyWe are the architects of our own experience. Our brain makes predictions about what it expects to see and uses information from the world to update its expectations, Dr Siegel says.Kp5zH46z32. What is the purpose of Dr Erika Siegels research?Yl4HdOAAA. To help appreciate the Mona Lisa.B. To discover why people perceive the same thing differently.ch4PJx4BC. To win a debate.D. To tell a smiling face from a neutral face.解析：由题干Dr Erika Siegels research定位到第三、四、五段，这几段都是围绕情绪如何影响感知展开，并对人们对蒙娜丽莎的不同解读也做出了解释，perceive是perception，see等词的同义替换。qd3YfhxC答案：B33. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to “shed new light” in Paragraph 3?E836L11DA. Made something bright.B. Provided new explanations.C. Added lightcolored paints.D. Increased amount of natural light.解析：shed light on 是解释某物的意思。shed new light on sth意为对某物做出新的解释。S42ehLvE答案：B34. Why did the researchers show the participants two sets of flashing images?501nNvZFA. To play a game.B. To confuse their dominant and nondominant eyes.jW1viftGC. To strengthen the effect of the nondominant eyes.xS0DOYWHD. To provide images of more expressions.解析：由题干定位到第九段，研究者提供两组照片是为了让主视眼看中性表情，非主视眼看中性表情或者笑脸来证明nondominant sights can still enter our subconscious。如果只提供一组照片的话两个眼睛看到的都是一样的，非主视眼的作用就发挥不了了，所以选C。LOZMkIqI答案：C35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ZKZUQsUJA. Effects of emotionsB. Seeing is believingC. A mysterious researchD. Is Mona Lisa smiling?解析：本文的主要内容是某研究所提出了一个新发现即我们的情绪改变我们的感知，这个问题很契合这篇文章的主题。dGY2mcoK答案：D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Insomnia, a lack of sleep or sleeplessness, is something of an epidemic(流行病) affecting millions of Americans right now. The National Institutes of Health estimates that 50 million to 70 million Americans of all ages suffer sleeprelated problems.rCYbSWRLThree different types of insomnia exist. 36._ Insomnia lasting from one night to a few weeks occasionally is referred to as transient. Acute insomnia means consistent inability to sleep well for a period of three weeks to six months. Insomnia is considered to be chronic, the most serious, if it persists almost nightly for at least a month, and sometimes longer.FyXjoFlMSleeplessness can be caused by many different things. 37._ Once the stimulus passes, the ability to sleep will usually return. Chronic sleeplessness may be caused by ongoing health concerns such as the physical pain of arthritis(关节炎) or the emotional pain of anxiety and depression.TuWrUpPOThose who suffer from sleepless nights may find themselves have the feeling of sleepiness and tiredness during the day. And those who have little sleep may be more affected by both acute and chronic illnesses like high blood pressure and diabetes.7qWAq9jPSleeplessness not only has effects on your physical self but also your emotional wellbeing. 38._ However, if sleeplessness becomes chronic, the price could be much higher in the form of anxiety or depression.llVIWTNQThere are numerous ways for mild sleeplessness at home. 39._ Dont exercise too much before bedtime; instead, do something to relax yourself. Finally, create an environment which is favorable for sleeping by removing stimulants from your bedroom like extra lighting or a television. 40._yhUQsDgRA. Being unable to sleep well for a few nights may only produce anger.MdUZYnKSB. Most people experience sleeplessness for an outside stimulus such as stress, improper diet or a poor sleeping environment.09T7t6eTC. Prepare your body for sleep by avoiding drinks such as tea or coffee before bed.e5TfZQIUD. If you still cannot find relief, it may be time to visit your physician for help.s1SovAcVE. Insomnia may be classified as transient, acute, and chronic.GXRw1kFWF. Being unable to sleep well for a few nights may cause serious health problems.UTREx49XG. What is transient insomnia?解析：略。答案：EBACD第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The aim of advertising is to change our ideas about things we want and need.8PQN3NDYMany ads use peoples 41 like fear or loveto persuade us that we need the product. Think of a TV commercial that shows a woman out 42 in a car on a rainy day, with her two small children. 43 , another car turns in front of her. The mother quickly hits the 44 , and her car comes to a stop. The children are 45 smiling and laughing. The message is: This car will keep you safe. Other examples are 46 that tell you to “take vitamins to prevent heart diseases”， or “buy insurance 47 your family”mLPVzx7ZCommercials for soft drinks often show everyone in the ad is having a good time. The message is: 48 you buy this drink, you will have a good time too. Many ads like this are based on peoples 49 for fun and enjoyment.AHP35hB0Advertising for designer products uses peoples vanity(虚荣心) to 50 the products. The ads try to create a personality for each brand. 51 , one brand of watches is for people who like adventure, 52 ads featuring an auto racer or a pilot wearing them. 53 brand of watches is for elegant and fashionable people, and the ads show wealthy travelers on a cruise ship. The watches look almost the sameonly their images are 54 . When you buy that brand of watch, you are buying the 55 .NDOcB141After an ad is prepared, advertisers use psychology to make it more 56 . Psychologists have found that people have positive feelings about things they see more often, so the same ad is used for a long time before it is 57 with a new ad. Other studies found that people 58 an ad better when it is fresh in their memory, 59 TV ads are repeated very often. Knowing about 60 in advertising lets us make better decisions about the things we buy.1zOk7Ly241.A. emotionsB. hobbiesC. sensesD. affection解析：考查名词。根据本句“like fear or love”破折号后面的内容是对前者的解释说明，由此可以断定A“情感”符合句意。fuNsDv23答案：A42.A. sittingB. ridingC. drivingD. waiting解析：考查动词。根据上下文“一位女士在雨天带着两孩子驾着车，突然，另一辆汽车拐到她前面。”可知C符合句意。tqMB9ew4答案：C43.A. ImmediatelyB. DesperatelyC.