课程实习文本部分.docx

基础部分 阅读学习A.中高口译之黄金原则1、动宾连接原则Those potent weapons for deflecting pitches that offer everything from bigger body parts to lower mortgage rates have attracted the ire of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and mass marketers.deflect: 打击 转变原定行动步骤2、时态原则中华民族历来爱好自由和和平。The Chinese people have always been cherishing freedom and peace.The Chinese people always cherish freedom and peace.The Chinese people are always cherishing freedom and peace.中国过去是、现在是、将来是中国人民更深感自由与和平的珍贵。 The Chinese people have cherished freedom and peace than ever.3、主语确定原则比如强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操。 For example, they lay emphasis on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that all under heaven are equal, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, “everybody is responsible for the fate of the country.4、谓语最小化原则将动词变成名词使用带有to的目的状语使用介词短语（with，for）使用分词短语使用带有which的非限制性定语从句今年的亚太经济贸易合作组织会议将主要侧重两个方面：一是加强亚太经合组织成员之间的合作，共同应对可能出现的经济衰退，重树信心；二是继续推进亚太经合组织贸易投资自由化进程，推动世界贸易组织尽早开始新一轮谈判。 The APEC meeting in this year will focus mainly on two aspects: one is on strengthening the cooperation among all APEC members to cope with the possible economic recession with rebuilt-up confidence; the other is on promoting the liberalization of trade and investment among all APEC members for the start of a new round of negotiations by WTO.5、动宾换序原则The rest of the world will have to react to this millennial economic shift to Asia, and to the rising power of China. 在新千年，经济重心将向亚洲转移，中国将迅速崛起，世界其他地区将不得不对此做出反应。6、句群逻辑关系原则经过二十多年的快速发展，中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础，社会保持稳定，市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善，为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。 Thanks to the rapid development in the past 20-plus years, a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology has been laid in the western region of China.1972年联合国人类环境会议以来，尽管国际社会做出了巨大努力，但全球环境仍在持续恶化，成为人类面临的共同挑战，而快速发展的全球化更使环境形势日益复杂。全球环境仍在持续恶化快速发展的全球化更使环境形势日益复杂日益恶化的环境问题成为人类面临的共同挑战Since the UN Conference on the Human Environment has been steadily deteriorating. The acceleration of globalization has compounded environmental degradation. These are challenges common to all human beings.亚太地区各国应结合自身特点，采取适当的宏观政策措施，促进本地区的经济发展，促进全球经济的复苏。亚太地区各国应（通过）结合自身特点，采取适当的宏观政策措施的（方式），（以达到）促进本地区的经济发展，促进全球经济的复苏（的目的）。Countries in the region should promote regional growth as well as global economic recovery by opting for appropriate macro-economic policies and measures suited to their own conditions.为此，中国将鼓励创新，加快商业化、工业化和国家化的进程。为此，中国将鼓励创新，（以此来）加快商业化、工业化和国家化的进程。For this purpose, China will encourage innovation to accelerate the process of commercialization, industrialization and internationalization.中国提出了建设和谐世界的理念，也将为达到这个目标努力奋斗。（既然）中国提出了建设和谐世界的理念，（中国）也将为达到这个目标努力奋斗。As/Since China has put forward the concept of building a harmonious world, it will also strive hard to attain this goal.In putting forward the concept of building a harmonious world, China will also strive to attain this goal.7、连接原则书无所不读，全无所惑，并不着急，教书做事，均甚认真，往往吃亏，也不后悔。Not vexed by reading comprehensively though futilely, I deal seriously with teaching and handling affairs and have no regret for suffering losses.奥运会会徽，不仅是国际奥林匹克运动和奥运会形象品牌的重要载体，而且体现了奥运会举办城市独特的文化魅力，体现了奥运会举办国家的民族性格和精神风貌。The emblem of the Olympic Games, in particular, is not only an important representation of the Olympic Movement and the Olympic brand, but also a demonstration of the charm of the host citys unique culture and its national character and spirit.最近，中国国家主席胡锦涛在联合国首脑大会上提出了努力建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界的主张。Recently, Chinese President Hu Jintao put forward his proposal at the United Nations Summit for striving to build a harmonious world characterized by lasting peace and common prosperity.8、减少of原则中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.我们之间关系的发展，使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友，而且成为兄弟。Our relations have so grown that bind us not only as close friends but also as brothers.9、名词词组与分句互译原则They provide a means by which wealthy people and corporations can in effect decide how their tax payments will be spent.基金会提供了一种方式，可以让有钱人和大公司能实际支配花去税款的方式。10、要词原则Collectively, the Asian Countries will have a larger economy than the rest of the world put together.亚洲国家的经济总量将超过其他国家地区的总和。Inside these nations there will be mass prosperity, but with a large minority in serious poverty, and a small number who are very rich.这些国家虽然呈现出欣欣向荣的态势，但其中还有许多处于极端贫穷的弱势人口，还有少部分人口极端富有。口译练习一，外交The Peoples Republic of China National DayJohn KerrySecretary of StateWashington, DCSeptember 27, 2013On behalf of President Obama and the people of the United States, I am delighted to extend our best wishes and congratulations to the people of China as you celebrate your National Day on October 1.我很高兴代表奥巴马总统和美国人民在10月1日中国国庆节到来之际向中国人民致以最良好的祝愿和祝贺。The relationship between our countries has grown by historic measures since President Nixons visit to China forty-one years ago. We have worked together to forge a mature relationship, one that recognizes that economic prosperity is not a zero sum game, that a prosperous China is good for the United States, and a prosperous United States is good for China。自尼克森总统41年前访问中国以来，我们两国关系取得了历史性发展。我们一直共同努力构建一个成熟的关系，其中我们承认经济繁荣不是一场零和游戏，一个繁荣的中国对美国有利，一个繁荣的美国对中国有利。The candid and productive discussions this year at Sunnylands, the Strategic & Economic Dialogue, and the G-20 are meaningful steps in expanding our positive and comprehensive cooperation, including by elevating our shared interest in cooperation on climate change and sustainable energy. Equally important are the strong bonds between our students and scholars, our scientists, and our business communities。今年在萨尼兰兹、在战略与经济对话、在G-20会议上的坦诚而富有成效的讨论都是扩大我们积极与全面合作的重要步骤，包括通过提升我们在气候变化和可持续能合作方面的共同利益。同样重要的是我们的学生和学者、我们的科学家以及我们商业界人士之间的牢固纽带。On this 64th National Day, please know that the United States wishes you a joyous holiday celebration with friends and family。值此第64周国庆节之际，美利坚合众国祝你们与家人朋友共度一个愉快的节日。二，文化Tea time enjoymentThe warm weather outside may look perfect for outdoor exercise. But for those who are not that sporty, what could be nicer than having a relaxing afternoon tea with a few good friends and taking a break from studying?温暖的天气最适合进行户外活动了。但对那些非运动型的人来说，还有什么能比在学习之余、约上三五好友一起畅享轻松下午茶来得更惬意呢？But are you familiar with the culture of afternoon tea its origins, whats included, and the proper etiquette? We sum up a few things you need to know about this traditional English custom so that you can enjoy it more.但你了解下午茶文化吗？包括它的起源、内容以及礼仪？为了让你更尽兴地享受这一英式传统，我们为你盘点了一些喝下午茶的必备知识。Where it all began起源While the tradition of drinking tea dates back to more than 3,000 BC in China, it was not until the mid 17th century that the concept of “afternoon tea” first appeared in the UK.在中国，饮茶的传统可以追溯到公元前3000年，而直到十七世纪中叶，英国才首次出现了“下午茶”的概念。In 1840, Anna Maria Russell, the seventh Duchess of Bedford, started asking for a tea tray with butter, bread and cakes at 4 pm every day, as she found she was hungry at this time and the evening meal in her household was served fashionably late at 8 pm. She found this new habit difficult to break and soon invited other ladies in society to join her.1840年，第七世贝德福德公爵夫人安娜玛利亚罗素每天都会吩咐仆人在下午4点备好一个盛有黄油、面包以及蛋糕的茶盘，因为她发现自己每天下午4点都会饿，而当时时兴的晚餐时间是晚上8点。很快她发现这个新习惯令人欲罢不能，便邀请另一些女士来加入其中。This pause for tea quickly became a fashionable social event. During the 1880s, upperclass and society women would change into long gowns, gloves and hats for their afternoon tea.这种茶歇很快便成了当时的社会潮流。到了19世纪80年代，上流社会女性则会为了享用一顿下午茶而专门换上长礼服、手套以及帽子。What an afternoon tea includes下午茶的内容Traditional afternoon tea, which is typically served between 4 pm and 6 pm, is technically a small meal, not a drink. It consists of a selection of dainty sandwiches (thinly sliced cucumber sandwiches with the crusts cut off are a classic), freshly baked scones served with cream and fruit jam, cakes and pastries. Of course, tea or coffee, served with milk and sugar, is also provided.传统的下午茶一般会于下午四点至六点间供应。确切来说，这是一顿简餐，并非仅仅喝茶而已。餐点包括精致的三明治（去边面包制成的薄片黄瓜三明治则是经典之选）、新鲜出炉的英式松饼配上奶油和果酱，还有蛋糕和其他甜点。当然少不了搭配奶和糖的咖啡或茶。Nowadays, you can enjoy a traditional yet fancy afternoon tea with pot-brewed tea and delicate snacks in many restaurants and hotels. But in the average home, afternoon tea is likely to be much simpler biscuits with a mug of tea, usually produced using a teabag.如今，你能在很多的餐厅和酒店享受到这样一顿传统而别致的下午茶一壶沏好的香茗，配上数样精美糕点。但在寻常人家，下午茶往往就简单得多了用马克杯冲泡一个茶包，再配上几块饼干就可以了。Etiquette of afternoon tea下午茶礼仪As with everything, a particular etiquette is associated with afternoon tea. Here are a few tips for ensuring your tea taking standards are faultless.事事皆有礼仪，下午茶亦不例外。下面这些小贴士，可以确保你享受一次完美的下午茶。1. By definition, afternoon tea is a dainty meal. So, when you drink your tea, take small sips rather than “glugging” it down. Theres a definite order to taking tea, but the actual drinking of tea can take place throughout the “meal”.1.显然，下午茶是精致的一餐。所以，饮茶时要小口啜饮，不能端杯见底。虽然喝茶的顺序有讲究，但实际上，在整个下午茶过程中，你随时可以品尝香茗。2. Similarly, the food served should be consumed in a restrained fashion as well. Sandwiches are eaten first, followed by the sweet snacks, such as cakes, pastries and scones.2.同样，品尝下午茶食物也是十分讲究的。先吃三明治、然后是甜点，例如蛋糕，点心以及英式松饼。3. Scones are always broken, never cut. They should be served with jam and clotted cream, or butter. The jam goes on first, followed by the cream or butter.3.英式松饼往往是小块的，不再作切分。一般会配上果酱、固体奶油或黄油。先抹果酱，然后再涂奶油或黄油。4. Crumpets are buttered whole and then cut before eating.4.吃烤饼时先要整体涂满黄油，食用前再切开。5. Cakes and pastries should be made so that the use of a pastry fork is not needed, although if thats not the case, the use of such an implement is perfectly acceptable.5.蛋糕和点心都是事先准备好的，因此不需要使用糕点叉，但如遇例外，也完全可以使用这些餐具。6. If you take milk with your tea, pour the tea first and then add milk.6.若要在茶中添加牛奶时，切记要先倒茶再加牛奶。（21世纪）旅游中国公民国内旅游文明行为公约Tourism Etiquette Rules for Chinese Citizens Travelling at Home营造文明、和谐的旅游环境，关系到每位游客的切身利益。做文明游客是我们大家的义务，请遵守以下公约：The cultivation of a congenial and harmonious travel environment benefits every tourist. It is our bounden duty to be a tourist with refined manners. So please observe the following tourism etiquette rules:1.维护环境卫生。不随地吐痰和口香糖，不乱扔废弃物，不在禁烟场所吸烟。Keep the environment clean and tidy. Dont spit about or spit out chewing gum. Dont drop litter. Dont smoke except in designated areas.2.遵守公共秩序。不喧哗吵闹，排队遵守秩序，不并行挡道，不在公众场所高声交谈。Observe public order. Dont yell or shout out loud. Always join a public queue for good order. Dont walk abreast on a sidewalk. Dont talk loudly in public places.3.保护生态环境。不踩踏绿地，不摘折花木和果实，不追捉、投打、乱喂动物。Preserve the ecological environment. Stay off public lawns, and refrain from picking flowers or fruits. Dont chase, catch, or throw stones at animals or feed them irresponsibly.4.保护文物古迹。不在文物古迹上涂刻，不攀爬触摸文物，拍照摄像遵守规定。Protect historical sites and cultural relics. Dont inscribe anything or scrawl graffiti on them. Dont touch or climb on top of ancient relics, and heed the restrictions when taking photos with them.5.爱惜公共设施。不污损客房用品，不损坏公用设施，不贪占小便宜，节约用水用电，用餐不浪费。Be careful with the use of public facilities. Dont smear or break objects in hotel rooms. Dont vandalize or damage public facilities. Dont attempt to make off with public belongings. Conserve water and electricity by using them efficiently. And dont waster food.6.尊重别人权利。不强行和外宾合影，不对着别人打喷嚏，不长期占用公共设施，尊重服务人员的劳动，尊重各民族宗教习俗。Be respectful to the people around you. Dont try to snapshoot pictures with foreign friends without their permission. Dont sneeze into the face of others. Dont occupy public facilities for too long. Esteem the work of service staff. And respect the local religious customs.7.讲究以礼待人。衣着整洁得体，不在公共场所袒胸赤膊；礼让老幼病残，礼让女士；不讲粗话。Show courtesy to others. Be dressed appropriately. Dont go barebacked in public places. Be considerate towards the aged, the infirm, the sick and the disabled and give priority to them. Be chivalrous to the female by following the rule lady first. Never use vulgar language.8.提倡健康娱乐。抵制封建迷信活动，拒绝黄、赌、毒。Take part in healthy entertainments. Say no to feudal supe