小学单复数变形规则和针对练习.doc

名词一、定义：名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。二、名词的数1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词可以数的名词 不可数名词数不清（没有复数）Drink： milk，tea，water，orangejuice，coke，coffee，porridge粥Food： rice，bread，meat，fish，fruit，cake，dumplings饺子2、可数名词分为单数和复数。名词单数就是该词本身，在其前面加a或an。1）单数 如a desk（一张桌子） an old desk（一张旧书桌）2）复数：要表示一个以上概念时，要用名词复数形式规则变化1）一般情况下加-s 如book-books（书）desk-desks（书桌）2）以s ,x ,ch , sh结尾加-es 如box-boxes（盒子）bus-buses(公共汽车)以 th 结尾加-s, month-months stomach-stomachs3)以辅音字母+结尾，变y为i再加- es。 如city-cities(城市)country-countries(国家)元音+y，直接加s。如：day-days(天)，boy-boys(男孩)4)以f或fe结尾，复数变f或 fe 为v再加-es。 如knife-knives(书) ,half-halves(一半)(thief ,wife ,life ,shelf ,knife ,leaf ,self ,half ,wolf)有少数词后直接加s，如roof-roofs (屋顶)5)以o结尾(1)辅音字母加o结尾名词的有生命的加-es 如negro-negroes（黑人）,hero-heroes（英雄）,tomato-tomatoes(西红杮), potato-potatoes(土豆)美国黑人和英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿(2)辅音字母加o结尾名词的无生命的加-s 如piano-pianos (钢琴),zoo-zoos(动物园)photo-photos (照片),kilo-kilos(千克)zero 两种方式都可：zero-zeros或 zeroes(零)不规则变化1) 元音字母发变化。如man-men(男人) ， woman-women(妇女) tooth-teeth(牙齿)， foot-feet(脚)mouse-mice(老鼠)， policeman-policemen(警察)policewoman-policewomen(女警察)2) 词尾发生变化。如child-children(小孩)， ox-oxen(公牛)3) 单、复数形式相同。如fish-fish(鱼) ，sheep-sheep(绵羊) ，deer-deer(鹿) ，Chinese-Chinese(中国人) ，Japanese（日本人），yuan-yuan(元) ，jinn-jinn(斤) 不说an English，要说an Englishman.国家变复数的时候记住中日不变，英法要变，其他加s，Chinese-Chinese(中国人) ，Japanese（日本人）；Englishman-Englishmen(英国人)，Frenchman-Frenchmen(法国人）；German-Germans(德国人）fish作鱼肉讲时不可数，没有复数。fishes指各种不同种类鱼或指几条鱼。4) 形似单数，实为复数意义。如people(人，人们)these people (不说a people，可说a person)police(公安，警察)ten police (不说a police，可说a policeman)5) 由man和woman构成的合成名词，变复数将名词及man或woman都变成复数。 如a man driver-men drivers(男司机)a woman doctor-women doctors (女医生)6) 有些名词只有作复数。如scissors(剪刀)a pair of scissors(一把剪刀)trousers(裤子)shorts(短裤)jeans(工装裤)compasses(两脚规)scales(天平)sunglasses(太阳镜)surroundings(环境)savings(储蓄)writings(作品)英语专项测试名词复数（总分100分）一、请写出下列词的复数形式。(1*50=50)city _ _zoo _country _ tooth _ mouse _ boy_ broom _car _ tree _horse _ bus_ fox _ branch _ baby _ family _ dish _ radio _ photo _ piano _ knife _ leaf _ life _ thief _ _man _ woman _ child _ foot this _ watch_ diary_ day_book_dress_sheep_ tea_ box_strawberry_ peach_ sandwich_ paper_juice_water_milk_rice_people _ CD ox_deer_ fish_二、单项选择 (1*10=10)( )1. The _ in our yard are very beautiful. A. clothB. waterC. flowers( )2. Tom is one of the Chinese _ in our school. A. boy B. boys C. boies( )3. A cat has four _ , doesnt it? A. foots B. feet C. feets( )4. There are three _ and five _ in the room. A. American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese( )5. Can you see nine _ in the picture? A. fish B. book C. horse( )6. The _ has two_. A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch( )7. The _ are flying back to their country. A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans( )8. The girl brushes her _ every day before she goes to bed. A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths ( )9.I saw many _ in the street. A. peoples B.people C.peoples( )10.The green sweater is his _. A. peoples B.people C.peoples( )10.The green sweater is his _. A.brother B.brothers C.brothers三、选择填空 (1*10=10)( )1. They come from different _A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys( )2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato( )3. They are_. A . woman teachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher( )4. Would you like _ ,please? A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters( )5. Most of _ live in _. A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany( )6. There are some _ in these _. A. knifes pencil-boxes B. knives pencils-box C. knives pencil-box D. knives pencils-boxes( )7. _ like _ by air. A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling( )8. I wonder why _ are interested in action films(武打片). A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples( )9. There is no _ in the plate. A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs ( )10.My uncle has three _. A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2*10=20)1. I have two_ (knife)2. There are many _ here. (box)3. There are many _ on the road. (bus)4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy)5. The _ are