动词、非谓语动词专项.doc

初三英语中考二轮复习 专项之 -动词、非谓语动词 A、动词可以分为四类。一、实义动词（行为动词）1. 不及物动词。不能直接跟宾语，常需加介词后才能跟宾语。如：listen (to), look (for/at)2. 及物动词。后面必须跟宾语，意义才完整。在及物动词+副词构成动副搭配时，代词放中间。如：give it up3. 注意区分几组易混淆的同义动词。 look-see-watch-read, say-speak-talk-tell, borrow-lend, bring-take, listen-hear, look for-find-find out, put on-wear-dress, forget-leave4. 有些及物动词后可以跟双宾语，即直接宾语（表物）和间接宾语（表人），间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，若颠倒两者的位置，则通常在间接宾语前加一个介词（to或for）。二、连系动词常见的连系动词有be, become, turn, get, grow, keep, feel, look, seem, smell, fall, sound，etc. 系动词通常无被动。三、掌握助动词do, does, did, have, has, will, would等的用法四、注意使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice的用法（后接不带to的动词不定式）B. 非谓语动词共有三种：不定式、动名词和分词一、不定式的句法功能。1. 作主语。不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，往往以it作形式主语。如：收到你的来信真好。_2. 作宾语。通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember, agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等词后。 3. 作表语 4. 作定语。不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。5. 作宾补。通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause, force等词后。6. 作状语 7. 作独立成分。如：跟你说实话，我撒了一个谎。_8. “疑问句+不定式”结构 9. 不定式的否定式二、动名词。动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。后面常接动名词的动词和短语：mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practice, keep, suggest, allow, be worth doing, be used to doing, be busy doing, cant help doing, it is no good doing, it is no use doing, look forward to doing, pay attention to doing, devote to doing, lead to doing, prefer doing to doing三、分词。分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能，分为现在分词和过去分词两类。现在分词表主动、正在进行，过去分词表示被动、完成。五年中考真题：1. World Expo 2010 Shanghai China _ people from all over the world to the theme “Better City, Better Life.” A. attends B. attracts C. allows D. advises2. He _ his umbrella to me yesterday, so I didnt get wet. A. borrowed B. kept C. lent D. bought3. It is a good habit to_ all your things in correct places. A. put away B. put up C. put out D. put off4. Will his new novel _ in September this year? -Yes, we are all looking forward to it. A. come over B. come back C. come out D. come from5. I hear the weather will _ cold for another week. I hope not. I hate cold weather. A. turn B. last C. get D. stay6. If you dont now how to spell these new words, _ in the dictionary.A. look up them B. look for them C. look them up D. look them for7. Mr. Li says learning English _ action, or we will get nothing. A. requires B. reduces C. refuses D. realizes8. The radio _ that there will be another heavy rain in Guangdong. Too bad. It has rained for the whole week.A. tells B. talks C. says D. speaks9. She couldnt _ her words _ by the students.A. get; understanding B. get; understood C. make; to understand D. make; understand10. Lets hurry! There are only ten minutes _. A. leave B. to leave C. left D. leaving11. How do you know that she likes singing? -I often hear her _ after class. A. to sing B. sang C. sing D. sings12. Hell use what he has _ her a new dress. A. bought B. to buy C. buying D. been bought13. At school our teachers do all they can _ us with our lessons.A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped14. What a heavy rain! -So it is. I prefer _ at home _ on such a rainy day.A. watch TV; to go out B. watch TV; go out C. watching TV; to going out D. to watch TV; going out实战演练: 一.根据句意,用所给动词的适当形式填空. 1. I hope _ (find) a good job in a foreign company after I graduate from school.2. Bob speaks Chinese quite well. Yes, so he does. He practices _(speak) Chinese.3. The boy _(stand) in the teachers office was found smoking yesterday.4. There was a man _(call) Sandwich at the gate.5. Before 2018 we will finish _(build) the schools.6. He found it hard _(catch up with) his class.7. Mother asks me _(not play) computer games before finishing my homework.8. We have two rooms _(live) in, but I cant decide which one _(choose).9. Would you mind me _(play) the piano?10. I saw him _(swim) in the river when I walked past it yesterday.11. The boy lay on the grass, _(look) at the sky.12. Is it necessary _(learn) a foreign language? 13. Do you have anything _(say) for yourself? 14. Dont keep me _(wait) for a long time. 15. The speaker spoke too quickly for us _(understand). 二、选择填空. 1. Would you please _ the door for me? A. holding B. not to hold C. hold D. held 2. Wed really like you _ to the party tonight. A. come B. to come C. will come D. should come 3. We can do nothing but _ the experiment. A. to repeat B. repeat C. repeating D. repeated 4 We cant have him _ like that all day. A. to work B. working C. to be worked D. work 5. _ has not been decided yet. A. To start when B. Why to start C. When to start D. Start to where 6. Do you think it difficult _? A. for me to do so B. for my to do so C. for I to do so D. for me doing so 7. Our house needs _ before the rainy season arrives. A. to repair B. to be repair C. repaired D. repairing 8. She usually forgets _ the door, but she remembered _ it yesterday. A. to shutto shut B. shuttingshutting C. to shutshutting D. shuttingto shut 9. He stood there for two hours _ the game. A. watched B. watching C. is watching D. was watching 10. Who do you think youd like _? A. to make friends B. make friends C. to make friends with D. make friends with 11. -Excuse me, sir. Look at the sign on the wall NO _. -Oh, Im sorry. Ill never do it again. A. PARKED B. SMOKE C. SPITTING D. SMOKED 12. -Boys and girls, will you please _ the park this afternoon? -OK. A. not cleaning out B. not to clean out C. to clean up D. clean up 13. Her hope _ a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games. A. to win B. is to win C.winning D. will win 14. Would you please pass me the knife _? A. to cut the watermelon with B. to cut the watermelon C. cutting the watermelon D. cutting the watermelon with 15. It is better to teach a man to fish than _ him fish. A. giving B. to give C. gives D. gave 16. Id rather _ on the land _ in a factory. A. work; than work B. work; work C. to work; than to work D. to work; to work 17. Would you mind _ because therere so many children _ here? A. smoke; play B. smoking; playing C. not smoking; play D. not smoking; playing 18. Im busy today. Im going to have my CD player _. A. fixed B. fixing C. to fix D. fix19. Did the book give the information you needed? -Yes, but _ it, I had to read the whole book.A. finding B. find C. found D. to find20. I saw Ann _ a green dress at the school meeting. I think she looks better _ red.A. dressed; in B. put on; wear C. wearing; in D. wear; put on春雨的色彩说课稿 一、教材内容分析：春天里万物复苏，百花争艳、绿草如荫、一派迷人的景色。春雨的色彩意境优美，散文诗中绵绵的春雨，屋檐下叽叽喳喳的小鸟，万紫千红的大地，给人以美的陶冶和享受，与此同时启发幼儿通过简洁优美的语言以及相应的情景对话练习感受春天的勃勃生机。激发幼儿热爱大自然的情感，启发幼儿观察、发现自然界的变化，感知春的意韵，并尝试运用多种方法把春雨的色彩表现出来，以此来表达自己的情感体验。 二、幼儿情况分析：中班下学期的幼儿探究、分析、观察能力有了一定的发展，并且孩子们充满了好奇心和强烈的探究欲，能主动地去探究周围和环境的变化，并且能根据变化运用自己的表达方式将感知到的变化加以表现。同时这个时期的幼儿的语言表达能力及审美能力有一定的发展，孩子们在平时的活动中也积累了许多有关绘画方面的经验在活动展示出来。 三、活动目标：教育活动的目标是教育活动的起点和归宿，对教育活动起着主导作用，我根据中班幼儿的实际情况制定了一下活动目标：1、情感态度目标：引导幼儿感受散文诗的意境美。2、能力目标：发展幼儿的审美能力和想象力。3、认知目标：帮助幼儿在理解散文的基础上感受春天的生机，知道春雨对万物生长的作用。 四、活动的重点和难点：重点是：引导幼儿份角色朗诵小动物的对话，感受散文诗的优美，进而丰富词汇、发展幼儿的观察能力、思维和语言表达能力。难点是：学习词语“淋、滴、洒、落”、学习春雨的对话、诗句“亲爱的小鸟们，你们说得都对，但都没说全面，我本身是无色的，但我能给春天的大地带来万紫千红”。 五、活动准备：1、经验准备：课前学会朗诵诗春天，并组织幼儿春游，根据天气情况实地观察春雨，让幼儿感受了解春天的有关知识经验。2、物质准备：小动物头饰、 教学课件、幼儿绘画用纸笔 六、教法：陶行知先生曾经说：“解放儿童的双手，让他们去做去干”所以在本次活动中，我力求对幼儿充分放手，对大限度的激发幼儿的学习兴趣，让他们自己去探究、去发现、去感受，我主要采取了以下教学法：1、谈话法：在活动得导入环节我运用与幼儿进行有关春天主题的谈话，帮助幼儿积累整理自己积累的有关春天的知识经验。2、演示法：在活动中我通过多媒体课件向 幼儿展示春天的勃勃生机，春雨的色彩散文诗的情景，也是通过课件中轻柔的配乐诗朗诵体现出来的。现代教学辅助手段的运用进一步强化了他的作用，使幼儿对春天、春雨更加了解和熟悉。3、情景演示法：将幼儿置身于春雨的色彩散文情景中，通过角色表演，强化幼儿对春雨的色彩的感受。此外我还适时采用了交流讨论法、激励法、审美熏陶法和动静交替法加以整合