6a语法总结.doc

结构：“主语+动词的过去式”用法：1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。He was here yesterday.I got up at seven yesterday morning.My mother was at work yesterday afternoon.Did you have a good time last summer?2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。My mother often went to work by taxi last year.When I was a student, I often listened to music.3.常与一般过去时态连用的时间有：at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year),一段时间+ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years agoin 1990, (in 1997) ,just now, long before, long, long ago二.动词过去式构成规则（一）1、一般在动词原形末尾加edhelphelped, looklooked, playplayed, workworked, listenlistened, washwashed, cleancleaned,2、结尾是e的动词加- dlive-lived hope-hoped use-used like - liked3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加edstop-stopped plan-planned4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加edstudy-studied carry -carried cry - cried worryworried(二)动词过去式的读音规则规则动词加-ed的读音:基本规则是轻轻,浊浊,既在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/。在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/。例：askasked /a:skt/, cookcooked /kukt/, passpassed /pa:st/,例：movemoved /mu:vd/, livelived / livd/, listenlistened /lisnd/, staystayed /steid/在/t/ /d/之后念/id/ ,即ed在/t/ /d/音后面念/id/例：shoutshouted / , startstarted /sta:tid/,wantwanted /wantid/, needneeded /ni:did/(三)不规则动词的过去式：a.过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同：letlet, putput, readread,(注意read的过去式读red)b. ia: beginbegan, drinkdrank, givegave, ringrang, singsang, sitsat, swimswamc. io: drivedrove, riderode, writewroted. owew: growgrew, knowknew, throwthrewe.含ough或augh的：bringbrought, buybought, thinkthought；catchcaught, teachtaughtf. am is -wasare -weredo-didcan-couldcome-came不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。 三.句型转化：1be动词的过去时的句型如下：(1)否定句： 主语+ be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not(2)疑问句：be动词的过去式（was, were）+主语 ？a.He was busy yesterday. (肯定句)他昨天很忙。b.He was not busy yesterday. (否定句)他昨天不忙。c.Was he busy yesterday? (疑问句)他昨天忙吗？d.There werent any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。e. Were there any boys in the room?房间里有男孩儿吗？2行为动词的否定式和疑问式：(1)若肯定句中只有一个行为动词,那就得在行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didnt,并把这个行为动词由过去式改为动词原形。例如：a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.I did not / didnt call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.I didnt borrow a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.(2)行为动词的一般疑问句若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式,那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问,然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形,并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did.例如：a. We stayed there for 10 days last month.Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didnt.b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening.Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, she didnt 动词过去式的练习：一用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. We _ (live) in Japan last year.2. Susan_ (stop) the car on the street yesterday.3. My mother_ (clean) my room and _(study) for the English test last Sunday.4. What _ you _(do) last night?5. On Saturday morning I _(play) football.二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。(1) May_ (finish) her homework very late yesterday evening.(2) Han Mei _ (bring) her pet to the park that day.(3) His father _ (buy) a new computer for him last week.(4) Miss Du_ (walk) to work every day last term.(5) We _ (move) to Shenyang 8 years ago.(6) _ you _ (have) bread for breakfast this morning?(7) She _ (give) me a nice present last night.(8) The police _ (stop) the car and _ (catch) the thief (小偷) just now.(9) Tom _ (carry) water for the old man last Saturday.(10)Uncle Wang _ ( come )into the room and _ ( find ) something to eat.(11).Lily _ ( study ) in the classroom for two hours and then _ ( leave ).(12).Jimmy _ ( do ) a lot today. He _ ( go ) shopping and _ ( cook ) supper.(13).We _ ( go ) to the cinema last night. The film _ ( be ) very good.(14).What time _ you _ ( get ) to school this morning?三按要求变换下列句型,每空一词。(1) Wei Fang cleaned the classroom an hour ago. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答)_ Wei Fang _ the classroom an hour ago?_, she _._,she _.(2) Li Hong did her homework yesterday afternoon. (改为否定句)Li Hong _ _ her homework yesterday afternoon.(3) Uncle Li drove a truck to Wuhan three months ago(改成一般疑问句)_ Uncle Li _a truck to Wuhan three months ago?(4) Miss Gao taught them English last term.(对划线部分提问)_ _ Miss Gao _ _ English?(5) Mr Ren always went to work on foot last year. (对划线部分提问)_Mr Gao _ to work last year？(6)Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home.(7)He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge?(8)She stayed there for a month.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there?(9)There was some tea in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ tea in the cup?四.选择( )1.The two _in the same class last year.A. areB. wasC. were( )2.-Where_ you ?-I went to buy some food for supper.A.are goB.did goC.do go( )3.The students in Li Leis class_ on a farm last week.A. workB. worksC. worked( )4._ that worker _in a shoe factory a year ago?A. Do, workB.Did, workedC. Did, work( )5.-Have you found your pen ?-Yes, I_ it two hours ago.A. foundB. findC. finded( )6. _your mother _to work last Saturday?A. Did, goB. Do, goC. Does, go( )7.They_ not late the day before yesterday.A. didB. wereC. are( )8._ they away from school last October?A. DidB. WereC. Do( )9. _you_ to school last Sunday?A. Did, comeB. Do, comeC. Were, come( )10.What _they_ for breakfast last week?A. were, haveB. did, haveC. will, have( )11.My friend _his homework fifteen minutes ago.A. finishB. finishesC. finished( )12.The boys_ only two subjects last term, but this term they_ five.A. have, haveB. had, hadC. had, have( )13.Why _Ann _TV last night ?A. didnt, watchB. dont ,watchC. doesnt , watch( )14.They stopped here because they_ the way to the station.A. didnt knowB. dont knowC. will know( )15-Where _ you find your ticket?-I _it on the ground.A. did, foundB. do, foundC. were, find五.将下列各词重新排序使其成为正确的句子：1. you go the did to city yesterday (?)_2. did he what in eat evening the (?)_3. went there I taxi by (.)_4. wal