2014年12月28号托福真题及解析.doc

TASK1A friend of yours is afraid of speaking in front of other people, what suggestion do you have?(你的朋友人前讲话总是恐惧，你有啥好的建议不? )这道题目看似话题新颖，不过咱来分析一下，其实本题的适用答题方向非常多，首先呢，思考几个问题：a) Why do you think he is afraid of speaking in front of others?你觉得他为啥会害怕呢？b) What method might help him strengthen this weakness?他需要克服的话，可以用啥方案?c) How do you think it might help?为啥你觉得会有用呢说说看。人前说话恐惧症，有这么几种情况：一是缺乏自信，二是心理问题(如小时候人前说话时候被嘲笑过)，三是慢热Okay，那么其实咱们得知道，有些时候哈，为了要克服自己的某种缺陷，咱们可以通过不断重复自己不舒适的事情，来渐渐克服不适感或者恐惧感。那么对于这道题来讲，不甘于人前说话，是不是应该多一点机会让他接触他人，并和他人交流、沟通呢？当然了，对于自信的问题。个人觉得：自信源自于准备！所以如果他总是人前说话紧张啊，那就下回让他在说话之前做好充足的准备 充分了解自己要说的内容，然后通过pre-practice来进一步熟悉和强化，这样的话，就会变得更加自信，也更有可能在make a public speech 的时候得到他人的赞美，赞美多了以后当然会更有可能帮助他渐渐克服自己人前说话恐惧的问题咯。那好，来，咱组织一下答案：Assertion：根据我自己的经验啊，我想给他俩建议 (According to my own experience, I wanna give him two suggestions to help him overcome this problem.)Reason 1：多创造一些机会和他人进行接触、沟通、交流。比如说：他可以去参加一些社团或者俱乐部。这样的话他就会有更多的机会接触到更多的人，而且社团形式的沟通不会给他造成太大的压力。有助于让他愿意去和他人沟通，然后慢慢get used to be surrouned by people and talk to them.First of all, I think he can create some opportunities to get in touch with more people. For example, he can join in some school activities or clubs. Thus itll be more likely for him to get in touch with more strangers and talk to them. And the environment like club or school activity wont give him too much pressure, so he might be more willing to open himself in front of others. And then I believe he can gradually get used to be surrounded by people and talk to them.Reason 2：再者，我觉得他如果总是人前说话紧张啊，那就下回让他在说话之前做好充足的准备 充分了解自己要说的内容，然后通过pre-practice来进一步熟悉和强化，这样的话，就会变得更加自信，也更有可能在make a public speech 的时候得到他人的赞美，赞美多了以后当然会更有可能帮助他渐渐克服自己人前说话恐惧的问题咯。TASK2When going on vacations, some people prefer to take pictures or keep a jounal to keep their experiences, some prefer to simply enjoy themseves in the journey and not to keep record, which one do you prefer and why?(度假、出去玩儿的时候，有些人喜欢拍照或者记旅行笔记来留念，有些人啥也不做，就是简简单单的享受假期，享受美景，你喜欢哪个？ 为啥？)这道题 啥也别说了，点题班讲过4、5次了，每次都是重点强调，咱不答Good，谁拿Good呢咱如果出去玩过，肯定听过导游说过这么一句话： 上车睡觉，下车尿尿，看就风景就照，回家啥也不知道？这句笑谈，其实是道出了目前咱国人出国旅游时候的一种现状，到了景区就是各种闪光灯，手机，卡片相机、单反、自拍神器齐上阵，但是说时候旅游结束以后，有心思去整理照片然后去回忆旅程的人真的很少啊。这种情况事实上就和好多人特别喜欢下载、存储各种文件、电影和资料是一样的，大大的存储硬盘里面都快塞满了，却很少会去整理并利用好自己已有的资源。而且还会乐此不疲地接着不断下载并收集各种资源，好像是自己的资源越多，就越能彰显自己的博学一般, 这种行为多可笑啊 尼采先生就有这么一句话，给出了对于这种现象最直接露骨的见解，甚好：不加选择的只是冲动，就和不分对象的性冲动一样，都是下流的标志 读万卷书，行万里路。如果拍照真的很有用，能够帮助大家长见识，提高自己的阅历或者人生高度，那以前没法儿拍照的古人该咋整？ 呵呵 所以说呢，咱电脑里、硬盘里有多少能够证明咱们去了多少地方的照片不重要，重要的是：哪怕就只去几个地方，都可以让自己有成长，你说对么？ _当然啦，任何事情啊，都不能走地太过极端 拍照也不是一无是处的，至少很多非常精彩的、幸福的、如画的、悲伤的、激动的瞬间，如果因为照片得以保存，真的会让我们的回忆充满细节，充斥快乐。Assertion：我觉得我还是更喜欢玩儿的时候好好玩，少拍照，多感悟。Reason 1：(不要脸地再说说旅行的好处吧 () )我特别喜欢旅行，因为我觉得 the problem of being in the same place always the same time is that my world will become smaller and smaller. So as soon as I finish my work or study, I would go and traveling, try to go to some place new and some place different. So that I can push my mind and challenge myself to see the world in a different way. And traveling without taking pictures will give me a better chance to concentrate on the scenery and enjoy myself in the journey.Reason 2：接着说呗 举个反例，不就妥了么?I loved taking pictures while I was traveling before, and it turned out that I could not fully enjoy myself in the trip by the things I saw and interesting places I went to. And once 套路大家明白了不 TASK3letter: allow beverages in library 1. stulearn better if drink tea or coffee 2 X damage books or spill with drinks stuwill be carefull with beverages. nothing bad will happen. LISTEN: she X 1. cafe near library it is 2min walk stu can get what they want there. X take things back tolibrary.convenient. take 10 min break is better for study 2. inevitable.damages can add up. university has to replace books and equipment. and clean upthe stains.TASK4information overload READING it occurs whenthe amount of the information people receive exceeds their ability- they sort the info.people have 2 solution to deal with it. 1ignore it 2focus on a particular part of it.LISTEN:EXAMPLE1: a owner wants to hire an employee. she willreceive hundreds of emails 1st day. deal with many recommandations resumes. she focus on one part of the info working time.EXAMPLE2: a professor read academic journals andarticles every day. she receive daily email with the articles that arerecommanded. she just ignore the email.信息过载阅读它发生在人们得到的信息的数量超过了他们的能力,他们对信息进行排序。人2的解决方案来处理它。1忽略它2集中在一个特定的一部分。听:例二:一个老板想要雇佣一个员工。她第一天将收到数百封电子邮件。处理许多recommandations简历。她关注的一部分信息EXAMPLE2 工作时间。教授每天读学术期刊和文章。她每天收到邮件推荐的文章。她只是忽略这封邮件。TASK5p: woman has many classes and night job.Xtime to go to gym to do exercisess1: ride bikes instead of taking bus toschool climate uncomfortable: hot andhumid. take up too much timeS2: get up early to go to the gym. take ashower there. get to class earlierp:女人有很多类和晚上工作。X的时间去健身房做锻炼s1:骑自行车代替坐汽车上学气候不舒服:炎热和潮湿的。占用太多时间S2:早起去gym.洗澡。早些时候到达学校TASK62 types of adaptation that help animalsurvive in the Arctic EXAMPLE1 a kind of butterfly. face the sum and spreadwings to absorb heat. Example2 kind of fly. it can tolerante the freezingtemperature. the water in its body will freeze. has special body part to protectits tissue from damage2种类型的适应,帮助动物生存在北极例二的一种蝴蝶。脸和传播总和翅膀吸收热量。Example2飞。它可以tolerante冻结温度。水在它的身体会冻结。有特殊的身体部分保护组织免受损害独立写作部分今天的独立真是简单令人发指啊！比较类的政府话题题目!看过小范围机经和听过点题的同学应该都已经对它们爱搭不理了啊!政府应该花钱保护老建筑还是建新房，保护环境还是发展经济，提高网络还是发展交通.不管选项是什么，一律分类讨论搞定，分成发达国家不发达国家，一句话：有钱任性，想搞什么搞什么，没钱只能倔强地发展经济关注底层需求。有的同学反映之前政府类话题是最头疼的，但是自从学了分类讨论，一口气写五篇，不费劲儿!今天的独立题目重复20120715和20140524的题目It is important for the government to allocate money on beautiful things, not just for things that are practical.类别：比较类参考思路：1.In developed countries where people leadan affluent lifestyle, governments have good reasons to allocate money onbeautiful things, say, galleries and architecture, in that what satisfies thenationals is not mere convenience, but also higher-level enjoyment.2. However, in poverty-stricken countries,practical things likeinfrastructure and livelihood should stillbe highest on the priority list of governments, given their financiallystressed condition.SampleAs for the priority for governmentinvestment, some people assert that government should provide more money forbeautiful things. However, I would like to point out that the improvement ofpractical things related to the well-being of people is of the samesignificance to beautiful things that enhance the happiness of peoples lives.My specific reasons are as follows.Undeniably, beautiful things contribute a lot to the happiness ofpeoples lives. First, beautiful things could release the working pressure,relax life intensity and enhance the efficiency of work.For example, roofgardens could provide a comfortable and leisure room for the refreshment of worklabors during their workweek. Planting trees and flowers along the roads orpavements could absorb the dust and give pedestrians and drivers a good mood.Public parks could offer citizens a place to do exercise and have a rest.Second, artist exhibitions could improve the taste and civilization of peopleand make the society more harmonious.Take the artistic centers for example.The decline of crime rate of the surrounding areas could be observed obviously.Third, the preservation and protection of scenic spots could attract moretourists, thus increasing fiscal revenue, and making the local place famous allover the country.Therefore, governments should put a moderate number of moneyon beautiful things which helps greatly with peoples happiness and the localliving standard.Nevertheless, never should practical things, like transportation,education and public health, that are closely related to the well-being ofpeople and the stability of the nation be neglected.First, investment oninfrastructure construction like highways and railways could create jobs andmake the transportations more convenient for the public. Building highways andrailways offers jobs to migrant workers from poor areas; building railways forhigh speed trains or metros shortens the distance among different places of acity and between two cities.Second, investment on culture and education unitesthe nation and boosts the cultural level of people. More money should be placedinto the improvement of schools and the educational quality so that moretalents can be fostered for the advancement of the nation.Third, investment onpublic health could build up a society that is environmentally healthy forpeople. Measures should be taken to curb the spreading of AIDS and pollutions,both of which can cause hazardous effects to peoples bodies.Therefore,governments should deposit a sufficient number of money to ensure thewell-being of the people and the stability of the society.In light of what I have mentioned above, I am confident that I havemade you aware of the same importance of investment on beautiful things andpractical things.Judging from all the reasons I illustrate, governments shouldmake a balance between the investment of beautiful things and practical things.Only by this way can people live happy lives and the nation achieve stable andsustainable development.扩展题目：1. Though modern agriculture damages the environment,feeding the worlds growing population is more important than protecting the environment.2. Governments should focus budgets more onenvironmental protection rather than economic development.3. It is more important for governments toput money in improving the Internet access than improving publictransportation.总之，了解了两类国家的特点，积累一些常用表达和替换，各准备一个例子比如美国和苏里南，你就是站在政府类题目巅峰的男人女人。综合写作部分今天的综合写作也是原题生物类题目，关于有袋动物的竞争力。阅读观点：文章给出三个理由解释为什么 Marsupials are less competitive than placentals1. 因为M动物在母体内容发育的不成熟，导致其出生后身体素质差。2. M动物，比如说，松鼠 对体温控制的不好。不如P动物的体温恒定，随着外界变化体温。这一点证明M动物适应能力弱。3. 南美洲，M动物数量和种类比P少，说明同样的情况下，M动物竞争力差。例如：澳大利亚，由M动物统治，因为这里P少，less competitive。听力反驳：1.M动物在母体内也能得到很好的保护，也有一个很好的发展，母体内有免疫力，身体素质并不差。2. M动物的体温能够跟随外界环境的变化而变化， 体现灵活的适应外界环境。3. 澳大利亚，M动物已经生活了好多年，以前的时候M和p都在这里生活，但是M统治这个地区而不是不是P，证明M很有竞争力。参考答案：The article discusses why Marsupials a