【素材】Book 4 Unit 10L3 Your Money 重点句型

【素材】Book 4 Unit 10 L3 Your Money 重点句型1. They are very practical and easy to wash.分析：这里to wash为主动形式表被动的意义。拓展：主动形式表示被动含义的句型英语中主动形式表示被动含义的句型总结如下：(1)表示被动含义的主动动词.a.系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。b.一些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开), act(上演)等,例如:The door wont open.这门打不开。c.一些与well(很), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如: sell(销售) , wash(洗), clean(打扫), burn(燃烧), cook(煮)等,例如:The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well.这些衣服很耐洗。d.用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,例如:This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。(2)表示被动含义的主动结构.a.动名词be worth(值得), want (=need)(需要), need(需要), require(需要)后所用的动名词,必须用主动结构表示被动意义,例如:These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully.这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).你的头发该剪了。b.不定式作定语:不定式结构常表示动宾关系,即用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这种情形最常出现在“There + be +主语+修饰主语的不定式”和“及物动词+宾语(或双宾语)+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中,特别是“主语+have+宾语+修饰宾语的不定式”结构中,例如:Give him some books to read.给他点书看。There is a lot of work to do.有许多工作要干。在“主语+be+形容词+不定式”句型中,有时主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语,这是应用主动形式表示被动含义。适合于此结构的形容词比较多,最常用的有amusing(有趣的), cheap(便宜的), dangerous(危险的), difficult(困难的), easy(容易的), important(重要的), nice(令人愉快的), pleasant(愉快的)等,例如:That question is difficult to answer.那个问题不容易回答。在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表主动,被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义:Who is to blame for starting the fire?这场火灾应由谁负责?A lot remains to do.还剩下许多事情要做。3)特殊结构.“be + under +名词”结构:这种结构表示某事“在进行中”。例如:The building is under construction.这座楼正在建设中。The whole matter is under discussion (=is being discussed).整个事情正在讨论中。经常这样用的名词还有repair(修理), treatment(治疗), question(质问)等。“be worthy of +名词”结构:在这一结构中,名词和句子的主语有被动含义,如:a man worthy of support一个值得支持的人.nothing worthy of praise没有值得称道的事情.此结构后通常用表示行为的名词,而不用动名词的被动形式。2. Charles believes that many people want to earn a lot of money so that they will not have any worries.分析：此句中的so that 引导的是目的状语从句。so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，引导目的状语从句时，从句中常含有情态动词。如：Lets take the front seats so that we may see more clearly. 我们坐前排吧，可以看得清楚。She stayed at home so that she might take care of her mother. 她呆在家里为了能够照顾她的母亲。【真题演练】Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ he rboss could read it first the next morning. A. so that B. because C. before D. or else 解析：本句的意思为；“Sally 为了完成报告，晚上工作得很迟，以便于他的老板第二天早晨能够读到它。该题考查复合句中连词的用法，可采用词语辨析法解题。四个选项，词义有别，so that 指“以便于”，because 指“因为”，before 指“在 之前”，or else 指“否则，要不然”。辨析出词义，再结合句义，可知A项符合句义逻辑。【高考链接】John shut everybody out of the kitchen_ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B. when C. so that D. as if 解析：so that 引导目的状语从句，表示越翰把每个人都关在厨房外面的目的是能够准备做在聚会上使人们大吃一惊的事情。when表示两个动作同时发生；as if 的意思是“似乎”，与所提供的情景John shut everybody out of the kitchen 不相吻合；which引导定语从句时作主语、宾语或表语，显然也不是正确答案，故答案为C。3. Tom found it easy to master a foreign language.分析：在find , think , make, consider ,feel 等动词之后，接不定式作宾语时，如果不定式带有自己的补语，我们常用it 代表不定式，而将不定式放到补语之后，如： We think it wrong not to tell him. 我们觉得没有告诉她是不对的。【高考链接】 The chairman thought_ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. that Bit C. this Dhim解析：答案为B。此题考查固定句式，it 在句子中作形式宾语。to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting 作真正的宾语。 【跟踪再练】 我发现和他在一起工作很愉快。 我想不值得费这么大的事了。 Key: I fond it quite pleasant to work with him. I dont think it worthwhile taking such trouble. 4. It is no bigger than a credit card!分析：句中用到了no more than句型。关于no more than/not more than举例区别如下：比较：John is not better than Tom. John is no better than Tom. 前一例表示“约翰不比汤姆好”，属于普通比较结构；后一例用了no情况就不同了，no better than相当于as bad as，含义是两人一样坏。这里，“no十形容词或副词比较级十than所表示的可以说是该形容词或副词的相反含义。又例如:no richer than = as poor asno bigger thanas small asno later than as early as同样地：I have not taken more than six courses this semester. I have taken no more than six courses this semester.后一例表示只选了六科，表示少的意思。上述结构与表示前后都否定的no morethan(notany more than)有所不同。例如：A whale is no more a fish than a horse is此句的含义是鲸和马同样不是鱼，即鲸不是鱼，如同马不是鱼一样。在某些结构中单独使用more than(其后为分句时有情态助动词cancould )也能表示否定概念。例如：That is more than I can say.含义是“简直不” 。又例如：My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing. 含义是不仅仅是游览观光而已。诸如此类的结构有的是通常的比较，有的形式上象是比较，实质上并非正的比较，在后一种慎况下，往往可以与除形容词或副词以外的词语连用。5. , and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they would do once they got rich.分析：句中once用作连词，意思是“一旦,一经.便”。如：Once you get into a bad habit, youll find it hard to get out of it.一旦染上坏习惯,想改掉就难了。once的用法：(1) 用作副词，意为“一次”、“从前”、“曾经”。Computers are much cheaper nowadays than they once were. 现在电脑比过去便宜多了。He once knew her, but they are no longer friends.他以前认识她,但他们已经不是朋友了。(2) 用作连词，意为“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。Once printed, this dictionary will be very popular! 一旦出版，这本词典将会非常畅销！Once you begin you must continue.你一旦开始, 便不可停下来。(3) once的常见短语：all at once 突然, 忽然 at once 马上，立刻；同时once (and) for all 最后一次once upon a time 从前once more再一次once in a while 有时, 间或, 偶而【高考链接】_ you lose confidence, you can never expect to do your work well.A. Twice B. Before C. once D. unless解析：答案为C。句意：一旦失去信心，你别想把工作搞好。Once一旦就。6. For a start, it can buy you a precious tree, which will make the land fertile.分析：句中which引导的是非限制性定语从句，which指代a precious tree。非限制性定语从句在句中起补充说明作用，其学习注意如下几点：1) that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句2) 除which外，还可用when; where; whose; whom等引导非限制性定语从句，且各自的用法及差异与它们用在限制性定语从句时相同。3)“介词关系代词”也可以引导非限制性定语从句。关系代词只可用whom或 which, 不可用who或 that 。4) 在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不能省略。5) 非限制性定语从句的关系代词which，既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句的含义。【高考链接】In the office I never seem to have time untilafter 5:30 pm, _ many people have gone home A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by whichtime 解析：答案为D。先行词5:30pm与time之间是一种同位关系，可用which来作定语替代。从句中的完成状态，常与by短语连用，故选D。He paid the boy 10 yuan for washing ten wind