专业英语试卷11级A答案.doc

南京工业职业技术学院2013/2014第一学期期末考试试卷（A）答案闭卷【】课程： 专业英语 出卷人： 谢云舫 考试类型：开卷【】适用班级： 机自1111/21 班级学号姓名一、Translation of Terms（20分）1. third-Angle projection 第三角投影2. clearance fit 间隙配合3. casting or molding processes 铸造成形工艺4. mechanical properties 力学性能（机械性能）5. polymeric materials 高分子材料6. application program 应用程序7. computer graphics (CG) 计算机绘图8. computer-aided engineering (CAE) 计算机辅助工程9. computer-aided business (CAB) 计算机辅助经营10. computer-aided design and drafting (CADD)计算机辅助设计和绘图11. alloy steel 合金钢12. forming or metalworking processes 金属成形工艺13. 1abrication processes 金属制造工艺14. material removal (machining) processes金属去除(机械加工)工艺15. shell mould casting壳型铸造16. harden ability 淬透性 17. hardening capacity 淬硬性18. case hardening 表面硬化，渗碳19. hardness profile 硬度分布（硬度梯度）20. heat treatment procedure 热处理规范二、Translation of Sentences（50分）1. These spin-off terms all refer to specific aspect of the CAD/CAM concept. 以上这些派生术语都是指CAD/CAM概念的某些专门领域。2. The servomotor then moves the table (on which the workpiece is mounted) to specific positions, through linear or rotary movements, by means of stepping motors, leadscrews and other similar devices.借助于步进电动机、等距丝杠和其他类似装置，伺服电动机驱动工作台（固定工件的地方）到达指定位置。3. The trend in NC machines is the type of machine in which a number of operations can be done in a single setup, which is called a “machining center”. 数控机床的发展趋势是在一次安装上完成许多工序，这种数控机床称为“加工中心”。4. A great effort is made to keep porosity, segregation, impurities and nonmetallic inclusions to as low a level as possible.（为了工具钢的冶炼，）要最大限度地降低钢中的气孔、偏析、杂质以及非金属夹杂物等的含量。5. Because of their number and the fact that the properties of the individual metals vary widely, both in their relatively pure form and as base metals for alloys, they provide an almost limitless range of properties for the design engineer.由于非金属的数量及独特的性能变化范围比较宽，并且它们以相对纯的形式和合金形式存在，这为设计工程师提供了性能范围几乎没有限制的选择。6. To properly select a tool material, there are several physical and mechanical properties you should understand to determine how the materials you select will affect the function and operation of the tool.为了合理选择工具材料，你应当掌握材料的一些物理性能和力学性能，以便确定所选材料对工具的功能和操作会有何影响。7. This combination of heating and controlled cooling determines not only the nature and distribution of micro constituents, which in turn determine the properties, but also the grain size.（在热处理过程中，）加热与冷却控制相结合的方法不仅决定着材料中微观组织的分布和性质（进而决定了该材料的性能），而且也决定了材料内部晶粒的大小。8. With most of the medium-carbon forging steels, alloyed and unalloyed, normalizing is highly recommended after forging before machining to produce more homogeneous structures, and in most cases, improved machinability.对于大多数中碳锻钢来说，不管它是否合金化，在锻造后或加工前通常推荐采用正火处理工艺，这样有利于形成更均匀的组织，并且在大多数情况下可改善材料的切削加工性能。9. In order to understand the fabricating characteristics of cast irons, it is necessary to become familiar with the characteristics of the metal and the various types and classifications that are available.为了更好地了解铸铁的生产特点，熟知金属的特性、各种类型和可能的分类是必要的。10. Irons with a carbon equivalent of over 4.3% are called hypereutectic and are particularly good for thermal-shock resistance, such as for ingot molds.碳当量超过4.3%的铸铁称为过亚共晶铸铁，这种铸铁的抗热冲击性能特别好，常用于铸造钢锭模。三、Translation of Reading materials.（30分）First-Angle ProjectionIf the vertical and horizontal planes of projection are considered indefinite in extent and intersecting at 90with each other, the four dihedral angles produced are the first, second, third, and fourth angles（Figure1-1-3a）.If the object is placed above the horizontal plane and in front of the vertical planes, the object is in the first angle. In this case, the observer always looks through the object and to the planes of projection. Thus, the right-side view is still obtained by looking toward the right side of the object, the front by looking toward the front, and the top by looking down toward the top; but the views are projected from the object onto a plane in each case. When the planes are unfolded (Figure1-1-3b), the right-side view falls at the left of the front view, and the top view falls below the front view, as shown. A comparison between first-angle orthographic projection and third-angle orthographic projection is shown in Figure1-1-4a. Ultimately, the only difference between third-angle and first-angle projection is the arrangement of the views. Still, confusion and possibly manufacturing errors may result when the user reading a first-angle drawing thinks it is a third-angle drawing, or vice versa. To avoid misunderstanding, international projection symbols, sho