英国文学史 练习题.doc

Twentieth Century LiteratureDefine the following terms Modernism Modernism in English literature prevailed during the 20s and 30s of the 20th century. It was a movement of experiments in new technique in writing. Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base. The modernist writers concentrate more on the private and subjective, mainly concerned with the inner being of an individual. Therefore they pay more attention to the psychic time than the chronological one. The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself Stream of Consciousnessv Stream of consciousness is a psychological term indicating the flux of conscious and subconscious thoughts and impressions moving in the mind at any given time independently of the persons will. v In late 19th century, the literary device of “interior monologue” was originated in France as an application of modern psychological knowledge to literary creation. In the 20th century, under the influence of Freuds theory of psychological analysis, a number of writers adopted the “stream of consciousness” method of novel writing. The striking feature these novelists is their depiction of the characters mental and emotional reactions to external events, rather than events themselves.Fill in the blanks 1. Abroad with Frieda, Lawrence finished _, the autobiographical novel at which he had been working off and on for years. 2. _is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist. Give a brief analysis of Tess tragedy in Tess of the DUrbervillesTess of the DUrbervillesThemesn The novel is a fierce criticism of the hypocritical morality of the society and the cruel and inhuman exploitation of the capitalists who invaded the English country and destroyed the peasantry from the root. Tess, a beautiful, innocent, sweet-natured and hard-working country girl, is easily taken in and abused by the hypocritical rich, constantly suppressed by the social conventions, brutally exploited by the inhuman capitalists, and eventually executed by the unfair legal system. She is a typical victim of the society. Poverty of the family, inhumanity, injustice and hypocrisy of the society decide her tragedy. The two men-the one who takes away her virginity and purity, the other who takes away her love but deserts her on the very wedding nightthough apparent rivals, join their forces in bringing about her final destruction. Hers is a personal tragedy; it can also be a social one.n On the other hand, there is a strong naturalistic tendency in the novel. Fate plays an important role in Tess tragedy. In a way, Tess seems to be led to her final destruction step by step by fate. Coincidence adds one “wrong” to another until she is caught up in a dead end. So, it is necessary to understand the ending remark of the author: “Justice was done, and the President of the Immortals had ended his sport with Tess.”The Victorian AgeFill in the blanks 1. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _ appeared after the Romantic poetry. 2. _ was the greatest representative of English Critical realism. 3. Charlotte Brontes masterpiece is _; Emily Brontes masterpiece is _. Define the following termCritical Realismv Critical Realism The critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the fourties and in the beginning of the fifties. The realists first and foremost set themselves the task of criticizing capitalist society from a democratic viewpoint and delineated the crying contradictions of bourgeois reality.The greatness of the English realists also lies in their profound humanism which is revealed in their sympathy for the labouring people.Answering the questions 1. Give a brief analysis of the features of Dickens novels.Characteristics of Dickens Novels1) The wide spreading of critical realism. 2) The spirit of democracy and humanism.3) The construction of plot in Dickens novels is pretty complicated. Besides the main core of the story, there are always more than one minor clues that are usually very loosely mingled with each other.4)Charles Dickens is a master story-teller. His language could, in a way, be compared with Shakespeares. His humor & wit seem inexhaustible. Character-portrayal is the most outstanding feature of his works. His characterizations of child (Oliver Twist, etc.), some grotesque people (Fagin, etc.) & some comical people (Mr. Micawber, etc.) are superb. Dickens also employs exaggeration in his works. Dickenss works are also characterized by a mixture of humor & pathos. 2. Make an analysis of the character of Jane EyreJane Eyres character v Jane Eyre, an orphan child with a fiery spirit & a longing to love & be loved, a poor, plain, little governess who dares to love her master, a man superior to her in many ways, & even is brave enough to declare to the man her love for him, cuts a completely new woman image.v In this novel Charlotte characterizes Jane Eyre as a naive, kind-hearted, noble-minded woman who pursues a genuine kind of love. Jane Eyre represents those middle-class workingwomen who are struggling for recognition of their basic rights & equality as a human being. The vivid description of her intense feelings & her thought & inner conflicts brings her to the heart of the audience. The Romantic Period Fill in the following blanks 1. _ and _ represented the spirit of what is usually called pre-Romanticism. 2. The most important and decisive factor in the development of literature is _, English Romanticism was greatly influenced by the _ and _. 3. The 18th century was distinctively an age of _. 4. Byron is chiefly known for his two long poems, one is Childe Harolds Pilgrimage, and the other is _. 5. _ is Shelleys work of literary criticism. 6. “Ode to a Nightingale” was written by _. Define the following terms. Roamticism Answer the questions about the poem I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud. 1. Who wrote the poem? 2. What is poem mainly about? 3. This poem contains four six-lined stanzas. What kind of meter is it applied in these stanzas? 4. What is the rhyme scheme in each stanza?. Answer the following questions about Ode to the West Wind . 1. The west wind in this poem is generally considered as a symbol. What does it symbolize? 2. The poem falls into five stanzas. Sum up the main idea of each, and explain the theme of the poem as you see it. 3. What kinds of stylistic devices are used in the poem? Answer the questions about Jane Austen1. Please enumerate five works of Jane Austen. 2. Give a brief analysis on the theme of Pride and Prejudice 3. Please comment on Austens writing featuresThe 18th CenturyDefine the literary terms listed below Enlightenment Movement neoclassicism satire Fill in the blanks 1. The Enlightenment on the whole was an expression of the progressive class _ against _. 2. The 18th century in English literature is an age of _. 3. “A Modest Proposal” is made to _ government to relieve the poverty of _ people. Answer the following questions 1. What is Popes position in English literature? 2. Could you comment on Swifts features in writing? 3. Whats the theme of Gullivers Travels?The 17th CenturyFill in the blanks 1. The Glorious Revolution in _ meant three things: the supremacy of _, the beginning of _, and the final triumph of the principle of _. 2. Milton and Bunyan represented the extreme of English life in the 17th century. One gave us the only epic since _, the other gave us the only great _.Define the following literary terms blank verse conceit allegory Give a brief analysis of Satan, the central figure, in Paradise LostThe Renaissance1. Define the literary terms Renaissance humanism sonnet2. Blank Filling 1)The 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up of _ relations and the establishing of _. 2)Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of _.3. Find out the author and his work.l Thomas More d a. Gorge Greenl Edmund Spenser c b. Eupheusl John Lyly b c. The Fairy Queenl Marlowe e d. Utopial Robert Greene a e. The Jew of Malta4. Answer the following questions 1)Give a summary about the English literature during the Renaissance 2)Talk about the significance of William Shakespeare Geoffrey ChaucerDefine the literary terms listed below ballad heroic coupletFor the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the titl