动词及时态的复习辅导.doc

一动词的种类：1. 2.3.4.练习：一、写出否定句 1. Li Lei has already read the book . Li Lei _ _ read the book _.2. He has some books. He _ _ any books.3. They had to do the housework. They _ _ to do the housework.4. Jim does his homework at eight. Jim _ _ his homework at eight.二、写出反意疑问句1.Lucy has breakfast at home , _ _?2.Lucy has finished the work , _ _?3. John and Tony have to stay here , _ _?4.John and Tony have been to Paris , _ _?5.He had supper at home last Sunday , _ _?6.They had eaten up all the apples before you came back , _ _?三、写出下列动词的四种形式（第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词）work_ _ _ _ do_ _ _ _ leave_ _ _ _play_ _ _ _ stop_ _ _ _ sit_ _ _ _ carry_ _ _ _ buy_ _ _ _ 一般现在时第三人称单数动词的变化形式：情 况构 成 方 法例 词一般情况以s, x, sh, ch 结尾以辅音字母+ y结尾以o结尾动词的现在分词的构成规律：情 况例 词一般直接+ing以不发音e结尾的词，去e 再加ing以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，应双写词尾的辅音字母，再加ing以ie结尾的词，变ie为y 再加ing规则动词的过去式、过去分词的构成：情 况构 成 方 法例 词一般情况以不发音e结尾的词以辅音字母+ y结尾的词结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词时态一般现在时的谓语构成：第一、二、三（复）作主语 动词原形第三（单）作主语 动词要变形We go to school every day.He goes to school every day.一般现在时的用法： 1.表示经常发生的动作、现阶段的习惯或状态。常用时间状语often, sometimes, usually, always, every day, on Sundays等。eg；He always helps others.They are at work now.2.表示事实或普遍真理。如：A plane travels faster than a car.China is in Asia.3.在时间和条件状语从句中，主将从现I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.练习：1.He _ swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)2.His mother usually _ up at six every day (get)3. I will tell her the news when she _ (come) to see me next week.4. He told me the earth _(move) round the sun.一般过去时的谓语构成：动词过去式 一般过去时的用法： 1.在过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与表示过去的时间状语连用，a few minutes ago, yesterday, just now, the other day, last Sunday, last year等。 a. We visited a car factory last Sunday.b. He was here just now. 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，可与时间状语often, always, usually连用。When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.练习：1. Mr Green _ the car in 1998.(buy)?2. He _ down and began to read his newspaper . (sit)3. I often _ football when I was young.(play)4. Lucy _ a book the other day. (lose)5. He _ me his bike just now. (lend)6. How often _ you _ to the park when you were in Tianjin? A. do, go B. did, go C. will, go7. I have seen the film. When _ you _ it? A. did, see B. have, seen C. do, see D. will see 一般将来时的谓语构成： 1. will (shall) + 动词原形2. am/is/are going to +动词原形一般将来时的用法： 1.表示将来发生的动作或将来存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow, in a few days, next week, next Sunday等连用。a. He will be back next week.b. We will meet at eight tomorrow.2. am/is/are going to + 动词原形：含有打算、计划、准备将做某事的意思a. We are going to plant trees next Sunday.b. He is going to have a picnic tomorrow.3. am/is/are going to +动词原形还可以表示快要发生的动作. Look at the cloud, it is going to rain.When she _ next time, I _ her everything. A. is going to come; will tell B. will come; shall tellC. comes; will tell D. come; will tell Lucy _ 16 years old next year .A. is going to be B. will be C. has been Dont forget to give my best wishes to your parents. -Thanks, I _. A. will B. wont C. do D. dont There _ a sports meeting next week. A. will have B. is going to have C. will be过去将来时的构成：1. would +动词原形 2. was / were going to + 动词原形过去将来时的用法： 表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中。如：a. Lily said there would be a concert later.b. I was sure they wouldnt do that.c. We wondered when we would set off for London.1. He said that he _ back in five minutes. A. will come B. came C. would come2. I _ that you _ good care of her. A. thought; will take B. thought; would take C. told; will take D. tell; would take 3. The visitors _ where they _ a short test. A. ask; would take B. asked; will take C. asked; would take D. asked; can take现在进行时的谓语构成：am / is / are +动词ing 现在进行时的用法：表示此时此刻正在进行的动作， 常与at the moment, now, look, listen, be quiet连用。如：a. The boys are reading magazines at the moment.b. Mr. Green is talking with Jim in the classroom now.表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作（尽管此时此刻该动作并不进行）, 常与these days, these years连用。如：- What is he doing this week?- He is translating a novel.练习：1. Look, the children _ basketball on the playground. A. playing B. is playing C. are playing2.Shush, be quiet! The baby _ in the next room. OK. Sorry.A. sleep B. slept C. sleeps D. is sleeping 3. Listen! Mary _ in her room. It _ beautiful.A. sing , hear B. is singing, sounds C. sing, listen D. is singing, hear4. Jackson, I havent seen you these days. I _ for the coming English test.A. am preparing B. will prepare C. prepare D. have prepared 5. -_ the baby still _? - No, it _ crying. A. Has cried ; has stopped B. Is crying ; stopped C. Did cry ; stopped D. Is crying ; has stopped 过去进行时的谓语构成：was / were + 动词ing 过去进行时的用法： 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。如：a) He was watching TV when I came in.b) They were listening to the teacher at seven last Sunday.c) Jim was watching TV at this time yesterday.d) He was reading a novel in the library from 7 to 10 last Sunday.小练：1. He _ to the radio when I left. (listen)2. What _ you _ at this time yesterday? (do)3.Has your father finished his report? Sorry, I dont know. He _ it this morning. A. was writing B. wrote C. has written D. had written 4. Were you at home at 7 oclock last night? Yes, I _a shower at that time. A. took B. was taking C. was taken D. am taking 现在完成时的谓语构成： have / has + 动词过去分词现在完成时的用法: 现在完成时表示说话之前已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，句中没有具体时间状语。句中常会出现：already, ever, just, yet, never, before 等副词。如： a. Ive already finished my homework, so I can leave now.b. I have already read that book. 现在完成时表示到现在为止包括现在在内所做的事情，标志词有：so far / up to now，in the last few years, recently, lately, these days等。a) He has learned 8,000 words so far.b) Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years.c) They have made great progress recently.d) We have visited five cities these days.现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去。常与for+时间段，since+时间点的时间状语连用。如：a) He has studied English since 1985.b) I have lived here since I was born.c) -How long have you been here? -Ive been here for an hour.英语中有些常用的单词如： come, go, begin, start, finish, find, die, buy, borrow, leave, get up, arrive, become 为瞬间动词，不能用于how long 引导的疑问句中, 也不能与表示一段时间的for+时间段，since+时间点连用。这些瞬间动词和时间段连用时常常转换成延续词语。如： 短暂性动词延续性动词短暂性动词延续性动词 borrow keep become be buy have fall asleep be asleep die be dead begin/start be on come / go (to) be (in) join be a member of leave be away get marriedbe married open be open closebe closed小练：1.You are late. The meeting _ for about ten minutes. Im sorry. The traffic is heavy. A. has begun B. began C. has been on 2. Mikes father _ for ten years.A. has been dead B. has died C. was dead 3. Jim _ here since last year. A. has come B. has left C. has been短暂性动词与延续性动词转换1. Jim joined the Army two weeks ago.a) Jim _ _ in the Army for two weeks.b) Jim _ _ a _ _ two weeks ago.2. I borrowed the book five days ago.I _ _ the book for five days.3. Kate has had the bike for one year. Kate _ the bike one year _.4.He has been a Party member for ten months. a) He _ a Party member ten months _. b) He _ _ in the Party for ten months.5. Uncle Li died five years ago. a) Uncle Li _ _ _ _ five years ago. b) It _ five years _ uncle Li _.c) Five years _ _ since uncle Li _.6. The shop opened two weeks ago. a) The shop _ _ _ _ two weeks. b) It _ two weeks _ the shop _.c) Two weeks _ _ since the shop _瞬间动词有现在完成时，但它不能和时间段连用。She has come back. () She has come back since last week. () 。 have / has been to , have / has gone to , have / has been in的区别：have / has been to用来表示去过某地，人已经回来” 。Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾去过长城吗？（不能用have gone）They have been to Beijing twice. 他们去过北京两次。（不能用have gone）have / has gone to表示 “到去了，人未回来”，一般不与第一、第二人称连用。He has gone to Shanghai. 他到上海去了。（他可能在途中，也可能已到上海）have / has been in +地点 + 时间段 表示在某地We have been in China for two weeks.小练：1. Where have you been? -I _ the post office. A. have gone to B. have been to C. went to2. Jim _ Beijing twice.A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to3. Where is Lucy ? She _home. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone4. - Is Cindy at home ?No, she _ the library. She _ there a moment ago.A. has gone to, went B. has gone to, has been C. has been to, went D. has been to, has gone 过去完成时的谓语构成：had + 动词过去分词1 过去完成时：表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到过去某一时间。He had learned two hundred English words by the end of last term.I had stayed in Beijing for three years by then.She had only been here for ten minutes when Jim came in.表示两个动作在过去发生，发生先的用过去完成时，发生后的用一般过去时。When they got to the field, the football match had already started.注：在含有由after, before等引导的状语从句中，由于这类词本身的意义明确表示时间的先后关系，因此谓语动词常用一般过去时代替过去完成时。如：a. After he finished his homework, he went to bed.b. Jim had lunch before his father came back.1. We _ in a good harvest because we _ enough rain. A. had got; had had B. got; had had C. had got; had D. got; had2. By the time the meeting ended, I _ for about two hours. A. waited B. had waited C. have waited3. What did you do before you came here. - I _ bikes for ten months. A. has repaired B. repaired C. have repaired综合练习:1. May _ to school. A. never walks B. is never walkingC. walk never D. never is walking2. Since ten years ago great changes _ in China.A. happened B. have been happened C. were happened D. have taken place3. we _ for two years so far. A. have worked B. had worked C. was working D. worked4. I will go home for the holiday as soon as I _ my exams. A. will finish B. finish C. finishing D. finished5. You _ your train, so you have to wait. A. will miss B. have missed C. are missing D. had missed6.Jack has never been to Disneyland before，but he _there this summer沈阳市 A has been B. is going C. went Dgoes 7. Its raining! When did it start? I dont know exactlyIn fact，it _all this afternoon. 北京市 A. lasts B. has lasted Clasted Dwill last8. -Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr. Black? -Sorry. He _ the Xuanwu Lake Park. 南京市 A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. will go to 9. -I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer. -Oh, sorry. I _ with my cousin in the supermarket. 安徽省 A. shop B. was shopping C. shopped D. will shop 10.Oh, Mrs King, your necklace looks nice. Is it new? No, I_ it for two years. A. had B. have had C. bought D. have bought 11. _ you _ your dictionary? No. So I have to buy a new one today.A. Did; find B. Have; found C. Are; finding D. Had; found 12. -How clean the bedroom is! Yes, I am sure that someone _it. A. cleans B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. had cleaned 13. - _ you _ your drawing? -Not yet! It will be done in a few minutes. A. Did; finish B. Will; finish C. Do; finish D. Have; finished14. He _ his homework and is now listening to music. A. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is finishing15.Did you see a girl in red pass by just now? No, sir. I_ a newspaper. A. read B. am reading C. would read D. was reading短文填空：Xiao Shenyang, a comedy actor, was born in 1981 in Liaoning, China. He (76)_(become) famous after taking part in the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. He is one of the students of Zhao Benshan. He (77)_(be) good at Er Ren Zhuan, a popular folk(民间的) song-and- dance duet(二重唱) in northeast China. He (78)_(give) many excellent performances in different TV shows so far. More and more people like his style of performance. Now, he (79)_9try) to create different styles of performance. We believe he (80)_ (make) great progress in the future.1 Hi, Mimi ! How are you? We (1)_(have)a good time here now .Yesterday we went to Disney World .It was so much fun .I met Mickey Mouse .My parents(2)_(take) a picture of us together. It was like a dream world here! I (3)_(buy)a few things form a store. Tomorrow we(4) _ (go) down south, to a famous park called the Every Glades .After that ,we are going to drive to the beach .I hope I can find some shells. Well. time to go .Ill see you when I _(5) (get ) home ! 2Hello, Im a reporter from Huanghe TV Station. I am talking to you from Yangtze Park .It is a bright Saturday morning .Teenagers usually(1)_(stay) by their computers at this time ,but as you see, these fine girls Li Na and Wang Ping(2)_(pick) up the trash .Its quite a sight to see ,watching the two girls making our park a better place . “We (3)_(start) half an hour ago ,” says Wang Ping while holding the trash bag . “We(4)_ (do) this for about a month .And I am sure if everyone in our city does the same ,our world (5)_(become) more and more beautiful ,” explains Li Na . 3I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon three years ago .I (1)_ (take) a big black rubbish bag with me .Ten minutes after starting to pick up litter , my bag was filled with cans , bottles , broken glass and newspapers .I (2)_(be) to the forest more than ten times to pick up litter ever since then . I like to be there and I (3) _(feel) great to do something for the environment . I cant understand why people drop litter .But I (4) _(keep) picking up litter until they stop dropping it .What I (5) _(do) now is only a small bit to help the earth , but I still think it is important . 4We have a radio station in our school. it is great because it is run by the students for the school .It(1)._ (start) two years ago .And I(2) ._(be) a student member of the radio station for two years .Every mooning we tell the student about the weather and latest news .During exam time we have a special program that(3) ._(tell) the students the things they should or shouldnt do for preparation . At the end of the school year, many students who(4) _(graduate) use our station to give messages to their close friends or teachers .When parents come to visit the school and talk to the teachers in the evening ,we always report the events to the parents, such as outings and school plays . Im graduating soon . I (5) _(miss) the radio station , and I hope it shall live on forever . 5Peter Blake is a successful businessman. Now he (1)_ (sit) in his bright and large office. Five years ago he was very poor and (2)_ (live) a hard life. He had worked in a pub as a waiter before he started his own business. During the hard time, he told his parents that he would set up his own company, but they advised him not to do so. He thought, “I (3)_ (decide) it already. I (4)_ (work) hard and try my best to start my own business.” He was interested in flowers so he set up a company to sell flowers.These years his company (5)_ (develop) very well. And his parents think Peter made the right decision. They are proud of Him. 6Miss Grey lived in a small house. She was old and didnt like noise at all, so she was very pleased when her noisy neighbor (1)_ (move) away. Later, a young man moved in, and Miss grey thought the young man (2)_ (seem) to be quiet.However, at three oclock one morning, the noise of a dog (3)_ (wake) her up. She thought she had never heard a dog bark there before. It must be the young mans dog. So she telephone the young man, said something bad about the dog and then (4)_ (hang) up the telephone before he could answer. Nothing more happened until three oclock the next morning. Miss Greys telephone rang. When she answered, a voice said, “You telephoned me twenty- four hours ago. Now I (5)_(ring) you up to say that I dont have a dog! ”7Todays young people are taking a more active part in online activities. Although the Internet can be useful for students to collect information and communicate with their friends, teachers and parents (1)_ (become) more and more worried about the unhealthy content of web pages in the bar. They (2)_ (think) that the idea of “harm- free Internet bars” is an important step to protect teenagers. It was Sunday afternoon and there (3)_ (