大学英语四级考前作文复习.doc

(一)现象描述段现象段：（引出问题+具体描述+总结问题）1）引出问题：首句. In current society, it has become a (prevalent) trend for sb. to do sth.或者Nowadays，it has become a common phenomenon for sb. not to do sth. e.g (1). In current society, it has become a (prevalent) trend for some youngsters to communicate with each other through the Internet. e.g.(2.) In current society, it has become a common phenomenon for individuals to purchase various goods from the Internet. e.g. (3.) On many campuses, it has become a trend for many students to give less attention to spelling in English learning. e.g. (4.) Nowadays, it has become a trend/ severe problem/ common phenomenon for some young students not to focus on spelling when they study English. 2）首段第二句：具体描述（事实描述：相关人+感受）： Meanwhile, an increasing number of individuals find it rather convenient/ comfortable/ inexpensive/ natural / necessary to do. sth. convenient负面：difficult/ hard/ troublesome/useless/ unnecessarye.g. (1) Meanwhile, an increasing number of young people find it rather useless and unnecessary to deal with small things.e.g. (2) Meanwhile, an increasing number of teenagers find it rather difficult and boring to understand literature. e.g. (3) Meanwhile, an increasing number of youngsters find it rather convenient and efficient to keep online contact.e.g. (4) Meanwhile, an increasing number of youngsters find it rather convenient, comfortable and efficient to gain knowledge or information they need.3）首段三句（举例子）e.g. (1) Taking a look around, we can find plenty of spelling mistakes in students writing. e.g. (2) Taking a look around, we can notice plenty of examples just like the scene in the picture. e.g. (3) A typical example is the girl/boy in the above picture. e.g. (4) Taking a look around we can notice a great many shopping websites like this: Taobao, Dangdang and Amazon.4）首段四句（总结问题：承上+启下）三句1: Therefore/Thus, we should keep a close eye on this issue. 三句2：As a result/ Consequently/ Accordingly，sth. calls for close attention of the whole society.(二)分析原因段原因段=主题句+原因1+原因2+总结e.g. (1) (主题句)It is evident that the causes of this phenomenon are diverse. (原因1：家庭)To begin with, the change of family structure is the root cause. (原因1体现) A typical example is that in most families, there is only one child who is loved by not only parents, but also grandparents. (原因2)In addition, the incorrect sense of parents love constitutes another major cause. (原因2体现)To be specific, as parents, they deem that loving means giving children all they want.e.g.(2) The causes of this phenomenon, as I see, are diverse. In the first place, students incorrect means of learning is the root cause. Based on a survey, a majority of students admit that they spend much time reading and listening, ignoring the importance of spelling. In the second place, teachers ignorance in teaching constitutes another major cause. Last but not least, the teaching policy carried out in many schools does not enable students to put emphasis on the learning of word-spelling. 主题句1：Generally speaking, several reasons can account for this phenomenon. 主题句2：It is evident that the causes of this phenomenon are diverse/ various. 原因1：In the first place, _ is the root cause. A good case in point is that _/(According to a survey), a majority of _ admit that _. (原因+例子/或调查法描述)原因2：In the second place, _ constitutes another major cause. To be specific, _. (原因+具体说明:即现象描述).原因总结：As a consequence, people pay relatively less (more) attention to _.（三）分析危害段e.g.(1) Apparently enough, there are some negative impacts which we should not ignore. To begin with, long-term exposure to mobile phones may damage our health and even lead to some health problems, such as insomnia, headaches and even cancers. Then, it is the overuse of cell phones that does not enable us to care about people around us and even to put us in danger. As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the negative impacts of cell phones. 危害段：（弊）=主题句+危害1+危害2+总结主题句1: Apparently enough, there are some negative impacts which we should not ignore/neglect. 具体危害写法危害1：To begin with, _ may damage/ hurt/ injure/ harm/ impair/ the development of _, (because_). 危害2：Moreover, (强调句式) it is _ that does/do not enable _to build up / expand /enjoy_.危害3：Besides, (it can be argued that) _ means/equals a grave amount of time/energy/natural resources; 万能危害总结：As a matter of fact, _in large numbers have ignored the significance /necessity of _( 四) 利弊分析段 A number of people favor online shopping because of its benefits. In their eyes, without it, it is impossible for them to stay at home and get their favorite clothes, books and so on. In addition, it is online shopping that enables them to expand their scope of shopping choices and enrich their life. (弊) Even so, others hold a different view that online shopping carries some risks. Firstly, this practice means certain time, energy and money; however, the quality of goods is not always as satisfactory as expected. Besides, what worries many shoppers is that their private information may be stolen and misused, such as telephone numbers, address, names or even bank accounts. 支持方观点（利）支持方主题句1：A number of individuals favor /prefer_ because of its/their benefits. 支持方观点(利)1：In their eyes, without _, it is impossible for them to _.支持方观点(利)2: In addition, it is_that helps/ enables _ to expand/ strengthen / enjoy / enrich / attract _. 支持方观点(利)3：Another evident advantage/ merit/ strength/ benefit is that _ may offer /provide/bring entertainment/ pleasure/ an enjoyable life. 反方观点（弊）(三句=主题句+反方观点1+反方观点2)主题句1：Even so, others hold a different view that _ carries some risks/doubts. 反方观点(弊)1：First and foremost, _ means certain/ a great amount of time, money and energy; however the result/quality/ reality of _is not always as satisfactory as expected.反方观点(弊)2：In addition, what worries many parents/teachers is that _. 反方观点 3 ：Another important consideration is that _ （五） 意义阐述段：意义阐述本质=利或好处。Apparently enough, it is of great significance for young people to realize the importance of doing small things. For one thing, without this quality/ awareness, it is impossible for them to lay solid foundation for future development. To be specific, how to deal with these small things is the essential skill for young people to achieve their future success. For another, it is these small tasks that enable youngsters to build up adequate knowledge, skills and experience. Actually/As a matter of fact/ In fact, people in large numbers have come to realize the importance of doing small things.主题句1：Apparently enough, it is of great significance for _ to _. 具体意义1：For one thing, without this quality/ virtue/ awareness, it is impossible for _ to _. 具体意义2：强调句式：For another, it is _ that enables/ helps us to build up chances of success _. build up- strengthen/ enrich / expand / broaden / sharpen /contribute to speed - confidence/ optimism/ experience/ horizon/ vision/ scope of knowledge/ harmony/.意义总结. Actually/As a matter of fact/ In fact, _ people in large numbers have come to realize the importance / convenience of _. ( 六) 建议措施段As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by mastering basic skills. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to devote more time and energy to lay a solid foundation for future career. Sparing no efforts to do so, we will witness a hopeful and promising future of our career and life. (主题句)I am convinced that there are various ways in which parents can help their teenagers to be independent. (建议1) First, it is suggested that parents should strengthen the awareness of loving children appropriately. (建议2)Then, they should educate, advocate and encourage their kids to deal with their own problems independently in life and study. (展望未来)If all parents can try their utmost to do so, the future of our next generation will be hopeful and promising. As a youngster, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for us to enhance/ strengthen/ promote communication in real life. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse addition to Internet. Do bear in mind: electronic communication can never replace face-to-face contact. However, as a customer, I am convinced that quality of goods far outweighs their packaging. Thus, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse all excessive packaging in real life.2013年12月四级写作真题解析之“手机过度使用”Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture above. You should start your essay with a brief account of the increasing use of the mobile phone in peoples life and then explain the consequence of overusing it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. (图片来源：网络；题目中英文内容：People are crossing the street looking at their cell phones and using walking sticks in order to see)解析：传统的作文归类方式，如观点对比、问题解决或按图画、图表或名言警句类划分的方式正逐渐退出历史舞台。相反，按照题目要求写相应的“功能段落”和表达是答题的永恒方式，永远不会因为出题方式的改变而失效。显然，试题未要求考生给作文命题，更没有要求考生抄写题目，所以不写题目丝毫不影响成绩。题目写对了当然也不会加分，但题目写错了得分必受影响。本篇作文体裁明确，话题清晰，内容要求具体，即：简要解释手机的过度使用并分析其可能产生的后果。可以看出，题目明确要求写的“现象”、“危害”，此外可写的是“建议”。The given picture can be naturally associated with peoples overuse of mobile phones: the past decades have seen the speedy development of mobile phone industry; however, if we intend to enjoy a harmonious and safe life, it is not advisable for us to spend all time on cell phones. In contemporary society, it has become a common phenomenon for people to purchase, own and use cell phones in daily life. Meanwhile, an increasing of individuals find that mobiles phones are being used excessively. Taking a look around, we can notice a great many examples like scene in the picture: students focus on cell phones in class, ignoring studying; youngsters concentrate on cell phones in family, ignoring other family members. Then, it is the overuse of cell phones that does not enable us to care about people around us and even to put us in danger. As a matter fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the negative impacts of cell phones. As a youngster, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for us to refuse to be the slave of cell phones. Thus, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to spend more time communicating with others face to face. Do bear in mind: cell phones are just our tool. (总字数：219词，可以将中间段砍掉开头两句或尾段砍掉最后两句)思路简析：首段：题目确实未要求考生对图画描述，因此不描述也行，或改写图片提示信息即可。二段首句点明主题并对主题简评，二句概述图片所指现象，三句相关人感受，四句排法举例，五句万能表达（强调句式）指出其危害，六句总结。尾段首句表述自己观点，二句提出号召建议，尾句展望未来。2013年12月四级写作之“网络是否取代面对面交流”Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （图片来源：网络；图片中文字信息：“Dear Andy, -How are you? Your mother and I are fine. We both miss you and hope you are doing well. We look forward to seeing you again the next time your computer crashes and you come down-stairs for something to eat. -Love, Mom and Dad.） 解析：如考题英文指令部分翻译如下：“指令：在本部分，你有30分钟时间完成一篇基于以下图片的短文。你应该首先简要解释一下网络对于人们交流方式的影响然后解释电子交流是否会替代面对面交流。你应该写至少120词但不高于180词。”显然，首先的第一项要求写的内容是“网络对于人际交流的影响”，却非图画描述。之后，提出一个问题“电子交流是否会替代面对面交流”，考生需要自己给出观点。下面是使用所讲表达写的一篇简易范文，请参考。首段：图画联系主题（阐述网络对人际交流的影响）This simple but thought-provoking cartoon can be naturally associated with the impacts of Internet on interpersonal communication: Internet shortens distance in communication, but it causes/ leads interpersonal relationship to be indifferent/ cold/ alienated.二段：现象描述In contemporary society, it has become a trend for individuals to communicate with each other via Internet. Meanwhile, an increasing number of youngsters find it rather convenient and efficient to keep online contact. However, it is Internet that does not enable individuals, teenagers in particular, to spend more time chatting face to face. A case in point is the guy and his parents in the picture: they seldom see each other and only when his computer crashes, will that guy come down-stairs for something to eat and have a face-to-face communication. As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the bad effects/ impacts of modern technologies on/upon our life. 尾段：观点+建议+号召（回答试题核心问题）As a youngster, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for us to enhance/ strengthen/ promote communication in real life. Accordingly, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to refuse addition to Internet. Do bear in mind: electronic communication can never replace face-to-face contact. 2013年12月四级作文真题之 网络信息与教育真实含义Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on learning and then explain why education does not simply mean learning to obtain information.（图片来源：网络；图片中文字信息：“Once I learn how to use Google, isnt that all the education I really need?”）简析：今年试题英文部分的内容比较诡异，细看题目确实未要求描述图片信息，而是要求“作文基于图片信息，且以解释网络对教育的影响开篇，阐述为什么教育不仅仅意味着学会如何获取信息。”功能段落解析范文：This picture can be naturally associated with the impact of Internet on learning: Internet does provide adequate information for learners, but if youngsters intend to gain/ get/ acquire better education, it is not advisable for them to focus only on getting information from the Internet. In contemporary society, it has become a trend for a host of people to surf the Internet for diverse information. Meanwhile, an increasing number of youngsters find it rather convenient, comfortable and efficient to gain knowledge or information they need. Taking a look around, we can notice a great many students and their favorite websites: Google, Baidu and Yahoo. However, it is Internet that does not enable some learners to build up their correct perception of education. A case in point is the boy in the picture: to his understanding, all education is “how to use Google”.As a college student, I am convinced that education means not only obtaining information, but also acquiring other important qualities, like scientific methods, optimistic attitudes and strong wills. Accordingly, teachers should educate, advocate and encourage their students to cultivate their over-all quality. （181words）2013年6月之“做小事和成大事”Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. （引入图画）Given is a simple but thought-provoking cartoon: (图画描述：人/物+动作+环境+文字) the youngster/ guy expresses his worries about “disposing of the nuclear waste”; to his surprise, his father responds/answers: “If you can empty the dustbin here, you can do anything.” (图画联系主旨) Obviously, this picture can be naturally associated with the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big: (主题评论) if youngsters intend to achieve success, it is advisable for them to begin with little things. (现象概述) In contemporary society, it has become a trend for a host of teenagers to ignore tiny things in life: cleaning rooms, washing clothes and emptying dustbins. (相关人+感受) Meanwhile, an increasing number of young people find/deem it rather useless or unnecessary to deal with these things.(举例) A case in point is the boy in the picture. However, (意义) it is these small tasks that enable youngsters to build up adequate knowledge, ability and experience. (万能总结) As a matter of fact, intelligent people in large numbers have come to realize the significance of doing small things for something important. (观点：尾段首句万能) As a college student, I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to enhance ourselves by doing small things. (万能建议) Thus, we should educate, advocate and encourage our friends, classmates and acquaintances to cultivate this awareness. (万能结尾：展望) Sparing no efforts to do so, we can witness a hopeful and promising future of our life, work and study. 2013年6月之“阅读文学重要性”Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. (图画引出) This is a funny but enlightening drawing: the teacher gives/ hands/presents her student a book of literature and tells/ encourages the girl: “Just think of it as if youre reading a long text-message.”; what surprises the teacher is that her student seems unwilling to accept it. (图画联系主题) Apparently, such a scene can be easily linked to the importance of reading literature: (图画评论) if students intend to achieve success in study, it is advisable for them to read more literature books. (现象概述) In contemporary society, it is a common phenomenon for a host of youngsters to ignore learning literature. (相关人+感受) Meanwhile, an increasing number of teenagers find it rather difficult and boring to understand literature. (举例)A typical example is the girl i