剑桥商务英语课文辅导08.business expenses.doc

1 Homework Review 2 Business Expenses3 Reading - A new expanses claims system4 Unit 8b - Airline services 5 Reading - Flying high with cheap frills6 Vocabulary consolidation on unit 8a and 8b7 商务文章阅读赏析8 口语考试小结（二）9 HomeworkI. Homework Review1. Self-study ex. 1, 3 and 4 of unit 7b on page 104.Ex. 1Deal with complaintsDraw up a smoking policyPut up withMeet the needsKeep up withPrioritizeEx. 3Ex. 4Exaggerate-exaggerationJustify - justificationAbuse -abuseBan -banBehave - behaviorNegotiate - negotiationRefuse - refusalComplain - complaint 2. To: Staff Concerned From: David Guan, Training Department ManagerDate: 17 January 2005 Subject: Foreign Language TrainingSince our company has won a large export order from a French company, some of our staff may use French to co-operate effectively with French counterparts. Therefore, we set up a series of French Training courses from 3 February. Staff from Export Sales, Marketing and Customer Service Department should attend. 3.Managing peoplel What skills do you think are important for managing staff?I think managing skills should include communication, listening, leadership, and patience.l Do you think people can be trained to manage staff well?Yes, most of the skills I mentioned just now can be acquired by training. l Do you think its easier to manage a small team or a large team?I think its easier to manager a small team because a small team can effective flow of information and fighting spirits.l Do you think employers should have longer hours than their staff?Basically, I dont think so. Employers should work the same hours. But in fact, employers usually work longer hours to make decisions or receive important clients.Part Two考生A的卡片示例思路扩展：career advancement, promotional activities, teamwork思路扩展：attitude to work, personality, appearance, sex for different jobs (males for drivers but females for receptionists)思路扩展：circulation frequency, circulation regions, reputation of the magazine考生B的卡片示例：思路扩展teamwork, history in the industry, salary level, reputation,思路扩展：accommodation arrangements, documentation, culture understanding思路扩展：cost, room sizesII. Unit 8a- Business ExpensesClaiming expensesSpeaking 1.expense noun1 uncountable and countable the amount of money that you spend on something 花费，开销legal/medical/living/travel etc expenses (=the money that you spend for a particular purpose) 法律费/医疗费/生活费/旅行费He borrowed 150,000 and used the money for legal expenses. 他借了15万磅，用于支付法律费用。at great/considerable/vast expense Conference rooms were equipped at great expense. 会议用房间装备齐全花费很大。2 expensesmoney that you spend on things such as travel and food while you are doing your job, and which your employer then pays to you 开支，经费，津贴on expensesCan you claim this meal on expenses? 你能报销这顿饭吗？typical adjective1having the usual features or qualities of a particular group or thing 典型的，有代表性的，有象征性的typical British weather典型的英国天气typical ofThis painting is typical of his work.这幅油画是他的作品中具有代表性的。This advertisement is a typical example of their marketing strategy. 这个广告是他们市场开发战略的典型案例。typically adverb1 in a way that a person or group is generally believed to behave 通常地Typically, he didnt even bother to tell anyone he was going. 他总是不愿意告诉别人他要离开。2 in a way that shows the usual or expected features of someone or something典型地a delightful, typically Dutch hotel 一间令人高兴的典型地荷兰饭店The male of the species is typically smaller than the female. 该种群的雄性总是比雌性小。3 in the way that a particular type of thing usually happens 大多数情况下Women in developing countries typically have their first child when they are very young. 发展中国家的妇女大都在他们很年轻的时候就生育了第一个小孩。I typically get around 30 emails a day. 大多数情况下，我每天接到30封电子邮件。incur verbtransitive formalpast tense and past participle incurred present participle incurring1 if you incur a cost, debt, or a fine, you have to pay money because of something you have done, or you do not make money遭受，承担incur expenses/costs/losses/debts etc If the council loses the appeal, it will incur all the legal costs. 如果该委员会在申诉中失利的话，他们就将负担所有的法律费用。the heavy losses incurred by airlines since September 11th 自从911事件发生后各个航空公司遭受了巨额的损失2 if you incur something unpleasant, it happens to you because of something you have done 招致incur somebodys displeasure/wrath/disapproval etc She wondered what shed done to incur his displeasure this time. 她不明白她做了什么让他这次不高兴。Ex. 2. Situation One.fill in phrasal verbDOCUMENTfill something into write all the necessary information on an official document, form etc 填写Dont forget to fill in your boarding cards. 不要忘记把你的登机牌填写好。TELL SOMEBODY NEWSfill somebody into tell someone about recent events, especially because they have been away from a place 告知某人最近发生的事情fill somebody in onI think youd better fill me in on whats been happening. 我想你最好告诉我最近发生的事情。DO SOMEBODYS JOBto do someones job because they are not there 接替别人的工作fill in forIm filling in for Joe for a few days. 我只接替几天琼的工作。small print noun uncountable especially British English（合同等的）限制性附属细则 （因多用小字体印刷或书写故名）all the rules and details relating to a contract or agreementAmerican Equivalent: fine print read/check the small print 仔细阅读/检查附属条款Always read the small print before you sign anything. 在签字前一定要读附属条款。Situation Two.secure verb transitiveGET/ACHIEVEto get or achieve something that will be permanent, especially after a lot of effort 努力后获得Boyds goal secured his teams place in the Cup Final. 的入球确保他所在的球队在世界杯决赛中的地位。secure a deal/contract 获得一笔买卖/一个合同The company recently secured a $20 million contract with Ford. 这家公司最近与福特公司签订了一笔价值2千万美元的合同。Negotiators are still working to secure the hostages release. 谈判人员还在就人质释放的事情努力着。Redgrave won his third Olympic gold medal, and secured his place in history. .获得了他奥运会上的第三块金牌，确保了他在历史上的地位。SAFE FROM HARMto make something safe from being attacked, harmed, or lost 使.安全Troops were sent to secure the border. 军队派来保护边境的安全。secure something against somebody/somethingThey built a 10ft high fence to secure the house against intruders. 他们修建了10英尺高的围墙保护这座房子不受入侵者的威胁。an agreement to secure the future of the rainforest 一项旨在保护雨林未来的协议BORROWING MONEYif you secure a debt or a loan, you legally promise that if you cannot pay back the money you have borrowed, you will give the lender goods or property of the same value instead 抵押贷款He used his house to secure the loan.他用自己的房子作了抵押贷款。come to somethingto add up to a total amount总计That comes to 23.50. The bill came to 48.50.Situation Three.a false claim check out phrasal verbMAKE SUREa) check something outto make sure that something is actually true, correct, or acceptable 调查同义词 investigateI made a phone call to check out his address. 我打电话向要查到他的住处。check something out withCheck it out with your boss before you do anything. 在做事之前要先向你的老板把情况调查清楚。b) if information checks out, it is proved to be true, correct, or acceptable 真实，正确His credit record checks out.他的信用记录证实可靠。LOOK AT SOMEBODY/SOMETHINGcheck somebody/something outto look at someone or something because they are interesting or attractive 查阅，浏览If I hear about a website that sounds interesting, I check it out. 如果我听说某个网站有意思，我就会登陆浏览。Hey, check out that car! 嘿，瞧瞧那辆车。GET INFORMATIONcheck somebody outinformal to get information about someone, especially to find out if they are suitable for something 获取信息Ill check them out as potential employers. 我会了解有关他们的情况，看看他们有没有这个潜质成为老板。HOTELto leave a hotel after paying the bill 从饭店结账We checked out at noon. 我们马上结账。BOOKScheck something outAmerican English to borrow a book from a library 从图书馆借书The library allows you to check out six books at a time. 图书馆允许一次借阅六本书。Listening 1. 1. marketing conference2. 803. Paul Limbert4. faxes5. Sweden6. hotel bill7. call him8. cash payments9. 25th-26th10. Hotel Continental11. train/ Eurostar12. metro tickets听力原文56.70Saying prices价格表示法目前使用最多的货币就是英镑和美圆了。他们表达方法如下：10 ten pounds$10 ten dollars8.5eight pounds and fifty pence (pence是penny的复数，意思是便士。)eight pounds fiftyeight fifty$8.5eight dollars and fifty centseight dollars fiftyeight fiftyIII. Reading - A new expense claim systemReading 1. undertake verbtransitive formalpast tense undertook past participle undertaken 1 to accept that you are responsible for a piece of work, and start to do it 从事undertake a task/a project/research/a study etc 完成任务/项目/研究Dr Johnson undertook the task of writing a comprehensive English dictionary. 约翰逊博士承担着编撰一本英语字典大全的任务。2 undertake to do somethingto promise or agree to do something 同意、答应做某事He undertook to pay the money back in six months. 他同意在六个月之内还钱。reimburse verb transitiveformal to pay money back to someone when their money has been spent or lost 报销reimburse somebody for somethingThe company will reimburse you for travel expenses. 公司会为你报销差旅费。reimbursement noun uncountable and countabletrial verbpast tense and past participle trialled present participle triallingtransitive British Englishto thoroughly test something to see if it works correctly or is effective 全面试验These techniques were trialled by teachers in 300 schools. 这些方法由300所学校的老师来试验是否有效。cash advance noun countablemoney that you get from a bank, using a credit card（使用信用卡从银行提取的）钱It seems so easy to get a $100 cash advance every few days at a local ATM machine. 从当地自动提款机上每隔几天提取100元现金真是很容易。operational adjective1 not before noun working and ready to be used 即可使用（或起作用）的The boat should be operational by this afternoon. 这条船这个下午就可以用了。The new system became operational in March. 这套新体系三月份可以实施。Our main offices are now fully operational. 我们主要的几个办事处现在全面开放。2 only before noun relating to the operation of a business, government etc 经营上的；业务上的Patco accepted full responsibility for operational management. .承担了经营管理的全部职责。operationally adverbdeduct verb transitive to take away an amount or part from a total 扣除，减去同义词 subtractdeduct something from somethingThe payments will be deducted from your salary. 费用会从你的月薪中扣除。deductible adjective settle up phrasal verbto pay what you owe on an account or bill结账；清债We settled up and checked out of the hotel. 我们结清了费用，从饭店出来。settle up withIll settle up with the bartender, then lets go. 我向酒吧服务生付款后离开了。settle PAY MONEYtransitive to pay money that is owed 付欠款settle a bill/account/claim I always settle my account in full each month.我每个月都结清帐户中的欠款。These insurance companies take forever to settle a claim. 保险公司永远会给顾客理赔。settle withHe was able to settle with his creditors, and avoid going to jail. 他可以还清债权人的钱，也就可以躲过入狱这一截了。Line IN A COMPANY/ORGANIZATIONcountable a series of levels of authority within an organization 机构管理层一系列的职权Decisions are taken by senior officers and fed down through the line of command to the ordinary soldiers. 高层军官作决定，经过逐级下达直至普通士兵。There should be more direct discussion between managers and workers lower down the line. 经理和底层工人之间由该有更多直接的讨论。line manager noun countable British English1 a manager in a company who is responsible for the main activities of production, sales etc 直线经理2 somebodys line managersomeone who is one level higher in rank than you in a company and is in charge of your work 某人的上级经理monitor verb transitive1 to carefully watch and check a situation in order to see how it changes over a period of time严密观察，检查Patients who are given the new drug will be asked to monitor their progress. 参与试验新药的病人将被观察他们治疗的进展。The government is monitoring the situation very closely. 政府正在密切监控局势。The temperature is carefully monitored.温度被密切监控。2to secretly listen to other peoples telephone calls, foreign radio broadcasts etc监听He suspected that his phone calls were being monitored.他怀疑有人监听他的电话。random adjective1 happening or chosen without any definite plan, aim, or pattern 随机的，随意的The company has introduced random drug testing of its employees. 该公司对员工实施随机药物检查制度。We looked at a random sample of 120 families. 我们察看随机抽查的120个家庭的样本。a random selection of women who were in the shop 随机选择了商店中的妇女2 at random 随机without any definite plan, aim, or patternchoose/select/pick something at random The gang picked their victims at random. 这个犯罪集团随意挑选受害者。randomly adverb seven randomly chosen numbers 7个随机抽出的数字submit verbpast tense and past participle submitted present participle submitting1 transitive to give a plan, piece of writing etc to someone in authority for them to consider or approve 呈交计划、作品等待批准submit an application/claim/proposal etc 递交申请/报销费用申请/计划书All applications must be submitted by Monday. 所有申请资料都必须在周一前递交上来。2 intransitive and transitive formal to agree to obey a person, group, set of rules, especially when you have no choice 屈服同义词 give insubmit toDerek has agreed to submit to questioning. 同意接受质询。Reading Ex. 1(1) A corporate charge card (Amex) and an automated expenses reimbursement system.(2) It will eliminate the need for cash advances, reduce administrative time, reduce the cost of processing claims and reduce the time employees spend on claiming expenses.(3) Employees who travel on company business.(4) All purchases made on the Amex card.(5) The business purpose of each purchase, the name of any guests if entertainment expenses are entered on the form, information about personal expense incurred on the card, and information about corporate expenses paid for in cash.(6) Line managers will make random checks of 15-20% of expenses claims.Speaking Ex. 2Advantages:Employees can avoid spending their own money on expenses and having to wait to claim it back.Employees will not have to be careful about keeping receipts for expenses.Disadvantages:The system will not work if employees dont give the necessary additional information about expenses. Some employees may be tempted to spend more if payment is made by card rather than cheque.Listening 2.Speaker 1bring somebody/something around/round phrasal verb1 bring the conversation around/round to something to deliberately and gradually introduce a new subject into a conversation （在谈话中）引入某一新话题Ill try to bring the conversation around to the subject of money. 我想把谈话引到钱的问题上。2 to make someone become conscious again 让某人重新恢复意识I slapped his face a couple of times to try to bring him round. 我几次拍打他的脸试图恢复唤醒他。3 to manage to persuade someone to do something or to agree with you试图劝说She wont listen to me. Lets see if Sue can bring her round. 她不听我的话，我们看看苏可不可以让她回心转意。bring somebody/something around/round toIm sure I can bring him around to our point of view. 我相信我能说服他接受我们的想法。4 to bring someone or something to someones house 把人、东西带到Ill bring the books around tomorrow. 我明天把书带到你那里去。Speaker 3photocopy nouncountableplural photocopiesa photographic copy, especially of something printed, written, or drawn 复印件I sent him the original document, not a photocopy. 我给他寄去的是原件，不是复印件。photocopy verbtransitivepast tense and past participle photocopied present participle photocopying third person singular photocopiesto make a photographic copy of somethingLeave the papers with me and Ill get them photocopied. 把文件留给我，我会把他们都印好的。photocopying noun uncountable Could you do some photocopying for me tomorrow? 你明天能帮我复印资料吗？Speaker 5short noticeif something is short notice, you are told about it only a short time before it happens 很短时间被告知I cant make it Friday. Its very short notice. 我周五无法赴约，这段时间太短了。at short notice BrE on short notice American English The party was arranged at short notice. 我们仓促地安排了这次聚会。Speaking ex. 5.guilt noun uncountable1 a strong feeling of shame and sadness because you know that you have done something wrong 内疚He used to buy them expensive presents, out of guilt. 他过去处于内疚总给他们买昂贵的礼物。guilt about/at/overDont you have any feelings of guilt about leaving David? 你把大卫留下难道就没有一丝丝的内疚吗？He felt an enormous sense of guilt when he thought about how hed treated her. 每当他想起他如何对她，他就会很内疚。2 the fact that you have broken an official law or moral rule 犯罪反义词 innocenceHe made no attempt to deny his guilt. 他对于自己所犯罪行供认不讳。relief nounCOMFORTsingular, uncountable a feeling of comfort when something frightening, worrying, or painful has ended or has not happened 解脱in reliefNo one was hurt, and we all breathed a sigh of relief. 没有人受伤，我们都送了一口气。to somebodys reliefTo my relief, they spoke English. 我送了口气，他们会说英语。what a relief/thats a relief The doctor said it was just the flu. What a relief! 医生说这只是流感，这真是太好了。REDUCTION OF PAINuncountable when something reduces someones pain or unhappy feelings 减轻痛苦Marijuana can provide pain relief for some cancer patients.大麻可以为一些癌症患者减轻疼痛。relief fromThe cool room provided relief from the terrible heat outdoors. 这件凉爽的房间可以让人们躲避户外的酷热。HELPuncountable money, food, clothes etc given to people who are poor or hungry 救援物资money raised for the relief effort 为救援而筹措的善款disaster/famine/flood etc relief 救灾/解救饥馑/解救洪灾famine relief for victims of the drought 对旱灾受害者实施的援救REPLACEMENTuncountable a person or group of people that replaces another one and does their work after they have finished 替班人员a relief driver替班司机IV. Unit 8b - Airline services Ex. 1 Speaking.valet noun countable1 a male servant who looks after a mans clothes, serves his meals etc 贴身男仆2 also valet parkerAmerican English someone who parks your car for you at a hotel or restaurant 代客泊车人valet service 代客泊车服务valet parking nounalso valet service uncountable American Engl