状语从句讲评测练notes.doc

状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从句。掌握状语从句应当引导词入手，注意引导词的词义,引导状语从句的引导词都有词思,所以,了解引导词的意思尤为重要。引导词按意义分为九类:1)时间when , as , while , till , until , before, after , since2)地点where 3)原因because , as , since , now that 4)条件if , unless , once .so (as)long as . in case5)让步though , whatever (-ever) as, even though, even if 6)目的so that, in order that7)结果so . that 8)比较than, as . as 9)方式as , as if运用状语从句应注意的几个问题:1)状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时2)because不与so连用,表示因为.所以二者只能选择其一;though ( although )不与but连用,表示虽然.但是 ,二者只能选择其一.3)同一引导词可以引导不同种类的从句.如: where Youll find it where it was .(地点状语从句)Tell me the address where he lives . (定语从句)I dont know where he came from . (宾语从句)Where he has gone is not known yet . (主语从句)This is where they once lived . (表语从句)since , as, when也分别可以引导不同种类的从句.状语从句的时态特点： 一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。例如：1）I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我到北京就将给你打电话。（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，决不可用will arrive） 2）As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home. 我一完成此工作，就回家。（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,决不可用will have finished） 3）If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。（从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时，绝不可用will come back） 1 时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when 例如：I didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2 地点状语从句常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere 例如：Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如：句型1：Where+地点从句，（there）+主句。 【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里哪里就”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。 They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。 You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民就得解放。 句型2：Anywhere/ wherever+地点从句，+主句。 【注意】anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。 而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如： Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员。 3 原因状语从句常用引导词：because, since, as, for 特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that. 例如：My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference. The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. 4 目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that 例如： The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them. The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly. 5 结果状语从句常用引导词：so that, such that, 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, 例如：He got up so early that he caught the first bus. Its such a good chance that we must not miss it. To such a degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night. 6 条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless, 特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that 例如：Well start our project if the president agrees. You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying. Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 7 让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though 特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever 例如 ： Much as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal. 尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。 The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough. No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind. He wont listen whatever you may say. 8 比较状语从句常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词：the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as B 例如： She is as bad-tempered as her mother. The house is three times as big as ours. The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. Food to men is what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。 9 方式状语从句常用引导词：as, as if, as though,how 特殊引导词：the way 例如：When in Rome, do as the Roman do. She behaved as if she were the boss. Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us. 10. 状语从句的简化 状语从句的省略 状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如： When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible. 另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如： Im taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行简化。状语从句的简化现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。 状语从句的简化现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。 (1) 当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。 例如: If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。 【基础检测】1.Ill let you know _ he comes back.A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although2. She will sing a song _ she is asked.A. if B. unless C. for D. since3. We will work _ we are needed.A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever4. Read it aloud _ the class can hear you.A. so that B. if C. when D. although5._ you go, dont forget your people.A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever6. It is about ten years _ I met you last.A. since B. for C. when D. as7. They will never succeed, _ hard they try.A. because B. however C. when D. since8. _ still half drunk, he made his way home.A. When B. Because C. Though D. As9. _ she was very tired, she went on working.A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of10. Busy _ he was, he tried his best to help you.A. as B. when C. since D. for11. I learned a little Russian _ I was at middle school.A. though B. although C. as if D. when12. _ we got to the station, the train had left already.A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When13. _ the rain stops, we 11 set off for the station.A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though14. She was _ tired _ she could not move an inch.A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as15. We didnt go home _ we finished the work.A. since B. until C. because D. though16. Ill stay here _ everyone else comes back.A. even if B. as though C. because D. until17. Although its raining, _ are still working in the field.A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they18. Speak to him slowly _ he may understand you better.A. since B. so that C. for D. because19. Youll miss the train _ you hurry up.A. unless B. as C. if D. until20. When you read the book, you d better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where21. Wed better hurry _ it is getting dark. A. and B. but C. as D. unless22. I didn t manage to do it _ you had explained how.A. until B. unless C. when D. before23._ he comes, we wont be able to go.A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even24. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless25. _ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where26. Whats the matter _ they still havent answered the telegram?A. when B. that C. though D. however27. Bring it nearer _ I may see it better.A. although B. even though C. so that D. since28. You may arrive in Beijing early _ you mind taking the night train.A. that B. though C. unless D. if29. Helen listened carefully _ she might discover exactly what she needed.A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though30. More people will eat out in restaurants _ they do today.A. than B. when C. while D. As【能力强化】31._ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.A. Much B. However C. As D. Although32. Poor _ it may be, there is no place like home, _ you may go.A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever33. The child was _ immediately after supper.A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bedC. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed34. The history of nursing _ the history of man.A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as35. _ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although36._ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of37. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _ his father died.A. than B. as C. while D. when38. _ David goes, he is welcome.A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever39. The house stood _ there had been a rock.A. which B. at which C. when D. where40. Small _ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.A. because B. so C. if D. as41. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before.A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as42. The piano in the other shop will be _, but _.A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as betterC. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good43. John plays football _, if not better than, David.A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as44. Although he is considered a great writer,A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely readC. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read45. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.A. With B. Since C. While D. As46.What was the party like? Wonderful. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. when C. before D. since47. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then 48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.A. what B. how C. however D. whatever49. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A. that B. where C. which D. when50._, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is he B. However he is lateC. However is he late D. However late he is 【每日一练】完形填空Today was a very important day. France played _1_ Senegal (塞内加尔) in the opening match of the World Cup. Soccer fans were very _2_ watching the match on TV. To our great surprise, France was _3_.Today football has become very _4_ in China after a _5_ wait. “China is in the World Cup for the first time, _6_ we should support them!” Said some people. In our school many students enjoy _7_ it. My _8_ and I often go to the football field after class.This afternoon there was a _9_ football match in our school. _10_ team played against No.1 Middle School. _11_ they were all very big and strong, it was a _12_ game between the two teams with the result 0-0 last time. Today our school played much _13_.In the first half of the match _14_ team kicked a goal, but in the second, Li Ming from our school kicked a goal. We won 1-0, at last. Im so _15_. I cant get to sleep tonight.1. A. withB. against C. to D. at 2. A. good at B. pleased to C. interested inD. boring in 3. A. beaten B. knocked C. fought D. hit 4. A. welcome B. popular C. useful D. usual 5. A. long times B. many times C. many time D. long time6. A. or B. but C. so D. yet7. A. buying B. playing C. drinking D. looking 8. A. studentsB. teachers C. classmates D parents 9. A. happy B. wonderful C. funny D. famous 10. A. Their B.