Unit 13 Our schedules, our selves练习答案综合教程三.doc

Unit13 Our Schedules, Our SelvesKey to the Exercises Text comprehensionI.Decide which of the following best states the purpose of the essay. BII.Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. T (Refer to Paragraphs 1, 2 and 3.)2. F (Refer to Paragraph 3. Some of what fills our days are onerous obligations, some are wonderful opportunities, and most fall in between.)3. T (Refer to Paragraph 4.)4. F (Refer to Paragraph 5. While direct communication can loosen our schedules in certain instances its easier to shift around an engagement on short notice, overall they fuel the trend that every minute must be accounted for.)5. T (Refer to Paragraphs 12 and 13.)III.Answer the following questions. 1. Refer to Paragraphs 2 and 3. Our lives have been too meticulously mapped out and filled with too many orders and plans. As there is too much to do, too many places to be, too many things happening too fast, and no time for an idle moment or a reflective pause, we are not able to enjoy the beauty of life. It seems that we are not leading our lives, but merely following a dizzying timetable of duties, commitments, demands, and options.2. Refer to Paragraph 4. According to the author, the acceleration of the globalized economy, and the accompanying decline of people having any kind of a say over wages and working conditions, is the chief culprit. Poor people or people at the bottom of the socio-economic ladder feel the pain most sharply; they often feel out of control of everything happening to them. However, even successful professionals feel the pressure.3. Refer to Paragraphs 5 and 6. Besides the acceleration of the globalized economy, there are two other factors that result in overscheduling our life. The first is the onslaught of new technology, which promised to set us free but has instead ratcheted up the rhythms of everyday life. And the second is our own human desire for more choices and new experiences.4. Refer to Paragraphs 7 and 8. As the 24 hours allotted to us each day are fully booked, something is lost in our life. We dont just run into a friend anymore; we cant happily savor an experience because our mind races toward the next plan on the calendar. Theres no time left for those magic, spontaneous moments that make us feel most alive. 5. Refer to Paragraphs 9?3. Yes, we can get ourselves free from the burden of schedules. According to the radical Brazilian educator Paulo Freire, We are bigger than our schedules. And one of the solutions the author proposes is political, or to shorten the working week as many political activists have pressed for. The other solution is personal. The author suggests that we sometimes shuck schedules and scrap plans for spontaneous moments. IV.Explain in your own words the following sentences.1. New technology has arrived in an explosive manner and produced a significant impact on our way of life. It should have saved us from routine, as it enables us to do our work more efficiently, but in fact it has subjected us even more to plans, as it has made scheduling easier. 2. Our life has been filled up with plans, so full that we have lost our spare time and the chance for any natural and spontaneous activities. Our life, therefore, seems boring and meaningless. 3. Be sure to set aside some free moments, hours or even days, and you must not be tempted to fill them with any appointments. Structural analysis of the textIn the two transitional paragraphs (Paragraphs 9 and 10) the author not only reveals his opinion on this problem - We are bigger than our schedules, but also brings us to his suggested solution which is presented in the last part of the essay. Rhetorical features of the textDetermined and sternly focused, we march through each day obeying the orders of our calendars. (Paragraph 2) The idle moment, the reflective pause, serendipity of any sort have no place in our plans. (Paragraph 2)virtual slaves to their schedules (Paragraph 3)onerous obligations (Paragraph 3)but merely following a dizzying timetable of duties (Paragraph 3)feel the pinch (Paragraph 4)Cell phones, e-mail, and laptop computers instill expectations of instantaneous action. (Paragraph 5)they fuel the trend that every minute must be accounted for (Paragraph 5)You cant happily savor an experience because your mind races toward the next one on the calendar. (Paragraph 7)feel hemmed in by our schedules (Paragraph 11) Vocabulary exercisesI.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.1. leave; skip 2. planned in detail 3. experience hardship4. with little time for preparation 5. from the very beginning II.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.1. onerous2. recourse3. onslaught4. preordained5. savoring6. instantaneous7. corralled8. culpritIII.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. nonscheduled/unscheduled2. defiance3. spontaneity 4. vacationers5. inequality 6. rhythmic7. minimize 8. serendipitous IV.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.1. hemmed in 2. loaded up3. fell through4. get away with 5. missed out on6. ratcheted up7. opened up 8. Think back onV.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used. 1. Synonym: exhausting (wearying, fatiguing)2. Antonym: simple (plain, spartan) 3. Antonym: deceleration (slowdown)4. Synonym: induce (generate)5. Antonym: meager6. Synonym: soothing (pleasant)7. Antonym: reactionary (conservative)8. Synonym: shrink (dwindle, diminish)VI.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words. 1. prove2. done3. throwing away4. help (you) with5. succeeded6. is formed by7. included8. continuously troubledGrammar exercisesI.Complete the following sentences using proper coordinators.1. not only . but also2. Either/Neither . or/nor(When we use a noun phrase joined by either . or or neither . nor as the subject, we follow the principle of proximity. That is, the noun closer to the verb decides whether the verb should be singular or plural.) 3. and4. or5. so6. and7. neither . nor8. butII.Combine the following sentences into a paragraph, using coordinators. Make other changes if necessary.The recorded history of mankind is only 6,000 or 7,000 years, but within that short period of time many civilizations have risen and fallen. The people of the Nile Valley created a high culture, and so did the people of the Tigris-Euphrates Valley, but both of these cultures disappeared. They were absorbed into the Greco-Roman culture that dominated the Mediterranean world, but this civilization also disintegrated in time.III.Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices given.1. D 2. B (For suggests that the reason is given as an afterthought.)3. D4. A (When a verb comes after as well as, it is usually in -ing form.) 5. C6. A 7. D 8. B9. B10. B IV.Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences. 1.were was (We follow the principle of proximity with neither . nor .)2.strength strong3.for on4.is required required5.havehave had6.betterbest7.has was8.record recordingV.Fill in the blanks with a proper form of -self /-selves if necessary.1. themselves2. /, /, / 3. himself4. yourselves5. herself6. yourself7. /8. /VI.Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the italicized parts in your sentences.1. e.g. He is not finding fault with you, but merely giving you a piece of advice.2. e.g. So far no cure has been found for cancer, despite what the medical researchers have been doing over the years.Translation exercisesI.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.片刻闲暇、驻足反思、任何奇遇在我们的计划中都没有立足之地。2.一天中仅有的意外竟然是晚上倒头睡觉之前才突然想起我们计划了的事不知道是不是真的全部做好了。3.经济全球化的加速发展，以及随之而来人们对薪酬、工作条件话语权的丧失，是造成这一切的罪魁祸首。4.但是，即使是成功的专业人士，那些似乎完全掌握自己命运的人，也会为其所苦。II.Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.1. If negotiations should fail, his last recourse was the law.2. In such a confined space as a train compartment, I feel hemmed in. 3. As they have refused a closer cooperation, the whole idea has fallen through.4. The ambitious young man wishes to carve out a career for himself in this city full of opportunities.5. The students are cramming for their final examinations.6. The poets whims and fancies defy rational explanation.7. Taking piano lessons twice a week plus the required practice can hardly fit into her already full schedule.8. As the story unfolds, the relationships between the main characters become more and more complicated.III.Translate the following passage into Chinese.目前，生活的重担束缚和压倒了许多人。几乎每天，他们都有无数的事情要处理。工作，工作，没完没了的工作。他们永远不能按自己的意愿去安排工作，而是被工作，被各种各样周而复始的事情驱赶着。他们早上起身时已经将一天排得满满当当。他们事先把自己的时间安排得毫无插针的间隙，根本没有休闲娱乐的时间。人们为何为事所役呢？个中原因纷繁，其中之一是科技的新发展。科技原本让人们看到获得更多自由的可能，实际上却大大束缚了我们，因为手机、电子邮件、手提电脑这些科技新玩意催着人们立即作出回应。人们应该尽量摆脱那张令人头昏目眩的时间表的影响，在工作和生活中获得自由度。为什么呢？因为人们需要闲暇，需要时常停下来想一想，以滋养自己的灵魂。人们需要品味人生经历，从平静地回味往昔、愉悦地展望未来中获得快乐，而这一切只能在身心松弛的时候才能做到。Exercises for integrated skillsI.Dictation scriptHow is it that hard work and greater efficiency / do not necessarily result in a sense of achievement? /Social scientists draw a crucial distinction / between two words often used as synonyms: / efficient and effective. / Efficient emphasizes the means of production, / the degree of economy with which it is carried out, / while effective focuses on the result or purpose / for which the activity is carried out. It is noted that / by using a minimum amount of energy and time, / we can be very efficient / in performing a certain task. / Yet our work is actually effective / only when it contributes to our goals. / True effectiveness is not a matter of doing things right / but of doing the right things, / and we shouldnt let the apparent success of being more efficient / mask the mistake of performing an activity / that is not important.II.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(1) however (2) out(3) defined (4) difficult/hard(5) First (6) yourself(7) which/that (8) to(9) involves (10) are(11) appeals (12) dontCultural BackgroundWalden PondWalden Pond is a lake located in Concord, Massachusetts, in the United States. The writer, transcendentalist, and philosopher Henry David Thoreau lived on the shores of the pond for two years starting in the summer of 1845. His account of the experience was recorded in Walden; or, Life in the Woods, and made the spot famous. “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life.” ( from Henry David Thoreau, Walden, “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For”) Now the Walden Pond has the cultural embodiment of leaving the busy city life and immersion into the nature so as to pursue ones own self.Text I Our Schedules, Our SelvesJay WalljasperGlobal ReadingI. Text AnalysisAll the efforts we make in our social life may lead to the ultimate purpose of seeking happiness. Yet in modern world people are so drifted by their busy schedules that we may one day find out that we have been far away from our original target. This text is written from those who might get lost during our long journey of struggle. We learn from the text that the problem of overscheduling has three main causes, which are economic cause, technological cause and, the most important, psychological cause. All these causes, when working together, make us the slaves of our own schedules and lose our fun in doing things. Besides this macroscopic change in our value judgment, it is also necessary to seek help from outside efforts such as expanding vacation time and shortening the work week. Another, which is more important and more difficult to achieve, is to adopt a new perspective of time. Only through this can we be back to our original journey to pursue happiness.II. Structural Analysis1) In terms of organization, the article clearly falls into four main parts:The first part (Paragraphs 1-3) introduces the fact that most Americans have become the slaves of their schedules.The second part (Paragraphs 4-6) lists the three major causes of overscheduling, namely, economic cause, technological cause and psychological causes.The third part (Paragraphs 7-10) tells us the bad effect of overscheduling: it deprives us of the fun of life and it also reveals the authors opinion on this problem “We are bigger than our schedules”. This part also brings us to his suggested solution to this problem in the last part of the essay.The fourth part (Paragraphs 11-14) suggests the p