七年级英语下册Unit4Don’teatinclass短语语法知识点汇总新版人教新目标版.doc

Unit 4 Dont eat in class一、基础归纳重点短语1.在课堂上in class2. 上课迟到arrive late for class3.准时be on time 4.在走廊里in the hallways 5.在餐厅 in the dining hall 6.听音乐listen to music 7.与某人打架 fight with 8.戴帽子wear a hat 9.许多规则a lot of rules10.因而迟到be late for 11.把.带到.bring sth to 12.穿校服wear school uniforms13.不得不安静 have to be quiet 14.看朋友see friends 15.练习吉他 practice the guitar 16.洗盘子do the dishes 17.帮助妈妈做早饭 help mom make breakfast 18.打扫他的房间clean his room 19.太多（+可数名词）too many 20.太多（+不可数名词 ）too much 21. 太 （+形容词） much too 22.整理你的床铺make your bed 23.早饭后after breakfast 24.感觉好feel well 25.告诉(叫)某人做某事tell sb. to do sth 26.考虑、想think about 27.对某人严格要求 be strict with sb. 28.对某事要求严格be strict in sth. 29. 记得去做某事remember to do sth.30.遵守规则follow the rules31.制定规则make the rules31. 做某事有趣have fun doing重点句型1.不要在课堂上吃东西。Dont eat in class. 2. 不准上课迟到，务必守时。Dont arrive late for class, you must be on time. 3. 不准在走廊内乱跑。Dont run is the hallways. 4. 不准在教室里吃东西，务必在餐厅里吃东西。Dont eat in the classroom. You must in the dining hall. 5.不准在课堂上听音乐。Dont listen to music in class. 6.我们不可以在走廊里听音乐，但在外面可以听。We cant listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.7.我们可以把音乐播放器带到学校吗？Can we bring music players to school? 8.我们总是要穿着校服。 We always have to wear the school uniform. 9.别把脏碗留在厨房里。Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!【教材内容解析】Section A1. Dont arrive late for class. (P. 19)arrive作不及物动词，表示“到达”，接宾语时，需要加上介词in或者at。When did you arrive?We are arriving at the station at two oclock.【拓展】reach表示“到达”时，是及物动词，后面直接接表示地点的名词作宾语。另外两个表示“到达”的动词（get和arrive）都是不及物动词，get to+地点；arrive in/at+地点。After a long way, they reached/got to/arrived at the top of the mountain finally.2. You must be on time. (P. 19)on time用作固定短语，表示“准时、按时”，in time表示“及时”。The train arrives on time.The ambulance（救护车） arrives in time.3. Dont listen to music in class. (P. 19)listen用作不及物动词，表示听的动作，后接宾语时，需要加上介词to，hear强调听的结果，表示“听到”。This girl likes to listen to music.Can you hear anything?4. Dont fight. (P. 19)fight此处用作动词，意为“打架”，fight with sb.意为“与某人打架”。Why do you sometimes fight with others?5. listen to music outside (P. 20)outside表示“在外边”，反义词为inside“在里面”。Dont stay inside all the time. Lets go outside to play together.6. wear a hat (P. 20)wear此处用作及物动词，意为“穿、戴”，表示穿着的状态，宾语可以是衣帽或者饰品。She likes wearing a red coat.The young lady wears a pair of sunglasses.【拓展】辨析wear, put on和dresswear穿着侧重于穿戴的状态The girl wears a red coat today.put on穿上侧重于穿戴的动作Put on your coat. It is cold outside.dress给穿衣服指给自己或者他人穿衣服The boy is too young to dress himself.7. Can we bring music players to school? (P. 20)bring表示“带来”，强调从别的地方带到说话的地方，常与副词here连用；take表示“带走”，强调从说话的地方带去别的地方，常与副词there连用；carry表示“搬、抬”，没有方向性。The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.Section B1. practice the guitar (P. 22)practice用作及物动词，表示“练习、训练”，后接名词或者动名词作宾语。The girl is practicing playing the piano in the room.2. help his mom make breakfast (P. 22) help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事Can you help me with my homework? help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事He often helps his mother clean do housework. with the help of 在的帮助下With the help of the doctor, the man gets better.3. There are too many rules! (P. 23) too many意为“太多”，用作形容词时，后接可数名词复数。There are too many students in our school.【拓展】too much, much too和too many辨析too much太多（的）用作形容词，修饰不可数名词I have too much homework to do.用作副词，修饰动词Dont eat too much.much too太用作副词，修饰形容词和副词The picture is much too beautiful.too many太多的用作形容词，修饰可数名词复数The little boy has too many questions to ask.4. Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! (P. 23) leave此处用作及物动词，意为“留下、剩下”，常用的结构为：leave+宾语+地点状语，表示“把某物忘在某地”。I left my pen in the bedroom.5. After dinner, I cant relax either. (P. 23) also, too, as well与either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行为动词前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后。He also wants to go.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开。He wants to go, either.as well用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗号隔开。He wants to go as well.either用于否定句句末。He doesnt want to go either6. Parents and schools are sometimes strict, but remember, they make rules to help us. (P. 23) (1) sometimes是频度副词，意为“有时”，相当于at times。I sometimes play computer games on weekends.【拓展】辨析sometimes, some times, sometime与some timesometimes有时Sometimes he had lunch at school.some times几次、几倍Ive been to the museum some times.sometime某时I will visit Daming sometime this summer vacation.some time一段时间She has lived here for some time.(2) strict用作形容词，意为“严格的、严厉的”，常用的短语为：be strict with sb.“对某人严格要求”。She is strict with her son.(3) remember的用法 remember to do sth.“记得要去做某事”，强调动作还没有发生。Remember to close the door when you leave. remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，强调动作已经发生。I remembered meeting him before. but I was not sure where it is.7. .I have to/must keep my hair short. (P. 24) keep sth. 保留某物You can keep the book until the next weekend. keep doing sth. 一直做某事The thief still kept stealing things after he went out of the prison. keep+adj. 保持The girl eats a little to keep slim. keep sb./sth.+adj./介词短语 保持某人/某物We should keep the window open while we are asleep.My mother keeps the vegetables in the fridge. keep sb. doing sth. 保持某人做某事The mother kept the baby crying on the bed.8. .because I have to learn to play the piano. (P. 24) learn用作及物动词，表示“学习”，后常接名词、代词或者动词不定式作宾语。He is learning a second foreign language.Children should learn to walk by themselves.9. I never have fun. (P. 24) have fun意为“玩得开心”，相当于have a good/great time或者enjoy oneself。have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很开心”。We have fun learning English.【语法讲解】1 祈使句1 祈使句定义用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号。2 祈使句结构（1）第二人称祈使句通常用来向听话者发出命令，提出要求或建议。这种祈使句的主语you 通常不表示出来，而是以动词原形开头。（2）第一、三人称祈使句是以第一人称、第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象，这类祈使句通常以let为引导词表建议。3 祈使句的强调形式及否定形式（1）祈使句的强调形式是在整个结构之前加do。（2）祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加dont 或never。（3）以let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Lets 或Let us/ me后加not。4祈使句的反意疑问句（1）Lets 表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问部分为“shall we”。（2）Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句，反意疑问部分为“will you”。（3）其他行为动词引起的祈使句，无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的，多用“will 2 情态动词have to与must情态动词must和have to都有“必须”的含义，它们的用