中考冠词语法及练习.doc

学 案学科 英语 年级 初三 班级 教师 课题上课时间学习目标冠词学习重点不定冠词和定冠词学习难点区分不定冠词和定冠词教 学 流 程中考英语冠词 冠词是一种辅助性的词，不可在句中独立担任一个成分。放在名词前，帮助说明名词的含义，使用极为频繁。冠词有不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（the）两种。a和an的基本含义是“一，一个”，表示泛指，不强调数目观念，只表示名词不是特定的；the的基本含义是“这个，那个”，表示特指，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。冠词本身是虚词，没有意义，同时也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义一、不定冠词不定冠词用a还是an由后面一个词的首音（不是辅音字母）决定。以元音开头的词前用an，以辅音（包括半元音，不是元音字母）开头的词前用a。例如：辅音音素开头：a tree, a university, a house, a European country, a one-eyed man元音音素：an apple, an umbrella, an hour, an elephant, an opera值得注意的是：1如果不定冠词后面第一个词以元音字母u开头分情况。例如university, useless, useful, unit, uniform，usual用a。而 unhappy, unusual用an。2如果不定冠词后面第一个词以不发音的h开头，而h后面第一个音的音素是元音因素，就用an。例如hour, honest。3如果不定冠词和名词前有其他词，不定冠词的形式仍取决于它后面第一个词的语音形式。例如an actress, a beautiful actress。不定冠词的用法如下：1用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或事物，如： A dictionary is a useful book. An underground train can start and stop quickly.2说明某人或某东西属于哪一类，如： This is a book. He used to be an engineer.3泛指某人或某物，但未具体说明何人、何物，如： A boy is waiting for me.Give me a pen, please.4表示数量，有“一”的意思，如： Behind the house there is a garden. once a week.5用于某些固定词组中，如：a number of, just a minute, in a hurry, for a while, for a long time, a cup of, a bottle of, have a rest, have a talk, have a fever, have a good time, have(take) a walk, have a toothache, take a bath, give a lesson二、定冠词1指彼此都知道的人或事物，如： Open the door, please. Go and close the window.2特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，如： The girl in red is my sister. The man over there is our English teacher. The book on the desk is mine.3指前面提到过的人或事物，如： Here is a picture of a modern car factory. My father works in the factory.4用在序数词和形容词最高级前,在方位词前。如： The Nile is the longest river in the world. He won the first prize.The sun rises in the east.5用在某些名词化的形容词，过去分词前，表示一类人或事物， 如： the rich, the sick, the new , the false6用在某些专用名词前， 如： the Great Wall the Peoples Republic of China the United Nations7在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称的前面，如： the North China Plain the Rocky Mountains the Yangtse River8在一些用语中，如：in the morning(/afternoon/evening), by the way, on the whole, all the year around, the other day, at the same time三、不用冠词的情况： 可数名词的复数，物质名词和抽象名词在表示泛指时不用冠词1在不含普通名词或只有一个普通名词专有名词前，如： China, Beihai Park2名词前面已有用作定语的 this, that, my, your, some, any 等代词前，如： The letter is from my father. I have a book in my hand.3在复数名词表示一类人或事物时，如： Horses are useful animals. I like cakes.4在节日名称，（称呼语和表示官衔的名词前）星期、月份、季节前。如： Today is Sunday. Spring is the best season in the year.Childrens Day5在某些固定搭配和习惯用语中，如： go to school , be in hospital, be in prison6一天三餐，球类运，棋类的名称前，如: I like to play basketball. We have lunch at school.针对训练例1There is “h” in word “photo”Aa，a Ban，the C.the，anDan，an例2She is honest girlAanBa C/Dthe例3He goes to school after breakfastA/Bthe CanDa例4 Browns are going to visit Yangtse River. It is_ longest river in China and third longest river in worldAThethethethethetheBThethethe/thetheC/thethethe/theDThe/thethethethe二、复习时需要注意的要点（1）在school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, class, table, bed等表示机构名称、组织名称和家具的名词前，用定冠词和用不定冠词意义有差异。用定冠词强调处所，而不用定冠词意义有所引申。比较：at table 就餐 at the table 坐在桌边go to school 去上学go to the school 去这个学校in hospital 住院in the hospital 在这家医院go to prison （违法而）进监狱go to the prison 到监狱go to church 做礼拜go to the church 到教堂in class 在课堂上in the class 在班级里（2）在某些词前用不同冠词（定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词），意义大不相同，例如：a number of 许多 out of question 没有问题the number of 的数目 out of the question 根本不可能in front of 在前面 for a moment 片刻in the front of 在前部 for the moment 暂时take place 发生take the place of 代替2014中考英语冠词试题汇编【2014连云港】1.Lee Min-ho is _ actor from South Korea. He sang _ Chinese pop song on the 2014 CCTV New Years Gala.A. the；an B. /; the C. an；a D. a; /【2014河北】2.Lets take _ photo! Everyone, cheese! A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 【2014达州】3.Look! There is a monkey eating _ apple in the tree. En, _ monkey is very cute.A. a; a B. a; the C. an; an D. an; the 【2014扬州】4.Have you seen _ film Where are We Going, Dad? Yes, its _ interesting film! A. a; the B. the; an C. a; an D. the; the【2014黔西南州】5.How was _dinner at Mikes house? It was great. Mikes mum is _ wonderful cook. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an【2014河南】6. What _ heavy rain it was! Yes, but I love _ air after it rains. It smells so fresh. A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a【2014重庆市】7.Jolin is _ famous singer. She has a lot of fans. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【2014宜宾】8.I think English is _ useful language, and its also _ important language.A. an, a B. a, an C. an, the D. a, the【2014呼和浩特】9. Why did you laugh just now？ Ted wanted to tell us _ very funny story, but he forgot _ ending himself. A. a; an B. the; the C. the; a D. a; the【2014东营】10.“If you stop dropping litter, Ill kiss _ pig.” The head teacher promised the students at a school meeting.A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014苏州】11.If we sit by_ window of the train, well have_ better view.A. /; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the【2014天津】12.Mary, whos _ woman over there? Shes my aunt, _ English teacher.A. the; the B. a; the C. the; an D. a; a【2014陕西】13.I had _ unusual day on my last school trip. A. a B. an C. / D. the【2014甘肃白银】14.Whats_matter with you? I have _ toothache. A. a; the B. the; / C. /; a D. the; a 【2014湖州】15.Who is _ young lady with curly blonde hair? A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014温州】16.Cathy was very happy to meet _ old friend on the plane to Paris. A. a B. an C. the D. /【答案】C【2014嘉兴】17.Whats the matter with you? I cant remember where I parked _ car. A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014重庆C】18.I have _ English dictionary and it helps me a lot. A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014丽水】19.Mr. Smith has _ 8-year-old daughter who has won two national painting prizes. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014绍兴】20.My brother Fred woke up with _ bad headache, yet by the evening the pain had gone. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014台州】21.What do you think of the new movie The Monkey King, Sally? Its _ funny one. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014泰安】22.Is _ red bag under the table yours, Jean? No. I only have _ yellow bag. Maybe its Julias. A. a: the B . the; a C. a; a D. the; the【2014威海】23.Mom, I like _ green T-shirt. Could you buy it for me? A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014滨州】24.Look! Whos _ boy over there? Oh, hes my cousin, Bob. He is _ honest boy. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; an D. a; an【2014菏泽】25.Doing lots of listening prac tice is one of _ best ways of becoming _ good language learner. A. the; the B. the; a C. 不填; a D. the; 不填【2014聊城】26.Daming, whats your dream? I want to be _ engineer some day. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014潍坊】27.Reading can make you become _ expert and change your life. A. a B. an C. 不填 D. the【2014绍兴】28.My brother Fred woke up wi th _ bad headache, yet by the evening the pain had gone. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【2014重庆市A】29.I have _ English dictionary and it helps me a lot. A. a B. an C. the D. /【2014杭州】30.My cousin went abroad at _ age of eigh teen.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填2013年中考英语冠词【2013 浙江衢州】16. Have you watched the movie Iron Man 3?中国教%育&出版网* Of course, fantastic movie！ A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【答案】A来源#%:中国教育出版网解析：本题考查冠词的用法，a 用于以辅音因素开头的单词前面，an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前面，the表示特指某种事物，fantastic 意为“奇异的，极好的”，以辅音因素开头，故选A。【2013山东济宁】16. Its just a short distance from here to _restaurant.A. a B. an C. the D.不填 【答案】C来源%:z#z&解析：考查冠词的用法。指代说话者双方都知道的事物常用冠词the，句意“从这儿到那个饭店距离不长”。 【2013内蒙古呼和浩特】1. Is _ dictionary on the desk yours? No, I dont have _ English-Chinese dictionary. A. the; an B. an; the C. an; an D. the; the 【答案】A 解析：考查冠词的用法。根据句意“桌子上的那个词典是你的吗？不是，我没有英汉词典。”可以判断问句中的“词典”是特指，而答语中的“词典”是泛指，并且English以元音开头，须用an，所以选择答案A。来%源:中教网#*【2013江苏连云港】1. Lianyuangang is _ attractive city. Its such _ nice place that many tourists come here every summer. A. B. C. D. 【答案】D 解析：考查冠词的用法。第一个横线后面attractive是以原音音素开头的形容词，用an 来修饰；第二个横线后面nice 是以辅音音素开头的形容词，用a来修饰，故选D。【2013江苏泰州】()1. His you heard of Hou Yifan, _ female world chess champion(冠军)? Yes, she is from _ Taizhou. Were proud of her.A. B. C. D. 来 a C. a; theD. 不填；the 来源*:中国教育出版&网【答案】A【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意：我们去踢足球吧。我没有足球。play后接球类运动时，球类名词前不加任何冠词；a soccer ball意为“一个足球”表示泛指。【2013河北】 Do you know_ girl in green? She is our monitor. A. a B. an C. the D.不填【答案】C 。解析：考查定冠词的用法。此处表示特指，故用定冠词the，故答案应选C。【2013浙江绍兴】 Whos that young man on the poster?Justin Bieber, _excellent singer.A. a B. an C. the D. /【答案】B 解析：考查不定冠词用法。excellent singer是对Justin Bieber身份的补充说明，表示泛指时，前面用不定冠词a或an表示，排除C和D；又因为excellent首发音是元音，故前用an，选B。来#源:中国教&育出版%网【2013重庆】How do you like _color of my dress? Wonderful! I like it very much A. a B. an C. the D/24. 【答案】C 解析:本题考查冠词的用法。问句句意为“ 你认为我的裙子的颜色怎么样？”定冠词the用在名词前表特指。此处特指“我的裙子的颜色”，故选C。【2013湖南邵阳】21.Look! Whos boy over there?来源:zzst%ep.c* the B. A; a C. The; a来%源:中国教育#出版*网【答案】A 【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意为：长城是世界上最长的墙。the Great Wall专有名词，前面加不定冠词the；longest为形容词最高级，其前需加定冠词the。故选A。【2013湖南娄底】21.My family and I will go to Changsha this summer holiday. Have_ good time. A. a B. an C. the【答案】A中国#教*&育出版网【解析】考查固定短语中不定冠词的用法。have a good time表示玩的高兴，过得愉快，故答案应选A。【2013 湖南衡阳】22. What can I do for you？ I want ipad for my daughter. She needs .中国#教育出&版网% A. an, one B. a, one C. an, it【答案】A【解析】本题考查冠词和代词的用法。ipad是以元音音素开头用an，上文出现一个事物，下文再次出现类似事物（两个相同物品）用one。故选A。【2013湖北宜昌】28. Have you seen _ iPhone 5? I left it here this morning? Is it _ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. 来源%: the B. an; a C. the; a D. the; / 中国教育出版*%#网【答案】B【解析】考查冠词的用法。不定冠词a和an表示泛指，意为“一”。根据句意“你见过一个 iPhone 5手机吗？我今天早晨把它忘在这里了。它是个黑色的手机吗？我想我在某个地方见过它。”可以判断用不定冠词，单词iPhone以元音开头，用an；单词black以辅音开头，用a。所以选择答案B。【2013湖北十堰】26. This is a useful dictionary, I think. So it is, and its _unusual one.A. theB. anC. aD. 不填【答案】B【解析】考查冠词用法 a 用在辅音因素开头的单词前面，an用在元音音素开头的单词前面，unusual是元音音素开头的单词，所以选B。【2013湖北孝感】21. Lin Shuhao is _ good basketball player in the NBA.A. / B. a C. an D. the来源:中*&国教%育出#版网【答案】B 【解析】考查冠词的用法。不定冠词a/an表泛指;在辅音音素前用a；在元音音素前用an；the表特指。题意为“林书豪是一名优秀的NBA篮球运动员。” 故选B。【2013湖北咸宁】21. Maria would like _ orange, not _ orange juice.A. a; theB. /; an C. an; / D. an; an 21. 【答案】C w#ww.zz*【解析】考查冠军词的用法。orange表示“桔子”时是可数名词，切以元音素开头；orange juice是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词。【2013黑龙江绥化】1. Its said that _ apple _ day keeps the doctor away.A. a; an B. an; a C. the; the【答案】B 【解析】考查冠词用法。句意：据说一天一苹果，医生远离我。定冠词the表特指；不定冠词a 和 an 表泛指，相当于汉语中的“一”；a 用在辅音发音之前，an 用在元音发音之前。apple第一个音是元音，用an；day第一个音是辅音，所以选择答案B。【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】1. English is useful language. We should learn it well. A. a B. an C. the【答案】A【解析】考查冠词的用法。useful的第一个音素是辅音/j/，故用冠词a。【2013河南】21. She has got two cats now. _black and white one is called Rosie and_ brown one Joseph.A. The; a B. A; the C. The; the D. A; a21. 【答案】C【解析】考查冠词的用法。由句意“她现在有两只猫，这只黑白色的叫Rosie，这只棕色的叫Joseph。”可知，特指两个不同颜色的猫，因此都用定冠词。故选C。【2013 甘肃白银】31. This is _ book I told you about yesterday. A. a B. the C. an D /【答案】B 【解析】考查冠词用法 句意：这就是你昨天告诉我的那本书。特指的一本书，因此用定冠词the。选C。来%源:中教网#*【2013浙江杭州】17.I think its really _ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填【答案】D【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。work是不可数名词，所以前面不能用不定冠词a或者an，排除A和B。由句意“我认为对我来说，20分钟内完成这项工作是项困难的工作”。故选D。【2013四川内江】21. How is _film you saw last night? You mean_ one, Lost in Thailand(泰囧)? Thats wonderful! A. a; the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D.不填; the【答案】B【解析】考查冠词的用法。表示特指，是冠词the的用法，第一空是特指“昨晚你看的那部电影”，；第二空是特指“Lost in Thailand”，所以选择答案B。【2013福建福州】31. Whats in the box? There is _ apple and some oranges in it.来*源:中国教育出版&网A. a B. an C. the【答案】B【解析】选B。考查冠词的用法。句意为：盒子有什么？在里面一个苹果和一些橘子。各选项中只有不定冠词a或an表示“一”的意思；又名词apple的第一个音素为元音，其前只能用不定冠词an，因此B项为正确答案。【2013广东湛江】21. Where is cat?Its under desk.A. your; a B. yours; an C. your; the D. you; the【答案】C【解析】考查代词和冠词的用法。句意：你的猫在哪里？它在桌子下面。第一个空用形容词性物主代词your修饰名词；第二个空用定冠词the来特指双方都知道的事物。所以选择答案C。www.zzstep.&%com*#【2013山东滨州】21. man in a black hat is my PE teacher. He often plays football with us.来源#:中%教&网A. A; the B. The; a C. The; / D. A; /【答案】C【解析】考查冠词的用法。名词man后有作后置定语的介词短语因此在此表示特指，用定冠词the修饰；play与球类名词连用时前面不加冠词。所以选择答案C。【2013山东菏泽】1.Does Heze have _airport? No. but we can take _bus to Jinan or Zhengzhou.来#源:中教网*A . an; the B. an; a C the; a D. a; a【答案】B【解析】考查冠词。句意：菏泽有机场吗？没有，但是我们可以乘坐公交车去济南或郑州。两个设空处都表示泛指而非特指，所以确实用不定冠词。其中airport 的第一个音素是元音，故用不定冠词an 。【2013浙江丽水】16. It is a good habit to go to _ bed early and get up early.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填【答案】D【解析】考查冠词的用法。本句句意：早睡早起是个好的习惯。go to bed是固定短语，意为“睡觉“，所以选A。【2013山东泰安】22. Do you play _ piano in your free time? No, I like sports. I often play_ soccer with my friends. A. 不填；the B. the; 不填 C. the; the D. a; a 【答案】B【解析】考查定冠词和零冠词的用法。piano“钢琴”属于乐器，前面要用定冠词the；soccer“足球”，属于球类，前面不加冠词，故答案选B项。来&源:中国%教育出版网【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】 16. Lots of people think that Life of Pi is_ amazing film. A. a B. an C. the D.不填【答案】B【解析】考查冠词的用法。a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指“一个”，the表示特指。根据句意：很多人认为少年派的奇幻漂流这部电影是“一部令人惊人的电影。此处表示泛指，amazing的第一个因素是元音。故选B。 【2013四川南充】21. Would you mind cleaning your room? OK. Ill do it in _ minute.A. The B. an C. a21.【答案】C【解析】考查冠词用法。题意：你介意我打扫你的房间吗？介意，我一会儿之后自已打扫。in a minute “一会儿之后”是固定结构。来%源:&中*教网【2013四川凉山】21. The third Sunday of June is Fathers day. Its special day for children to show their love to their father. A. a; the B. the; a C. /;a【答案】C。【解析】考查冠词的用法。在表示节日的名词前不加冠词，所以第一个空格在“父亲节”前不用冠词；第二个空格的不定冠词表示“泛指”概念，指数量有“一”。意为“对孩子们来说是一个向他们的父亲表达爱的特殊的日子”。【2013四川广安】