Oracle10g安装详解.docx

ORACLE数据库安装手册第一章安装须知1、安装流程2、安装规则l#表示当前用户是root，$表示当前用户是oraclel建立oinstall组、dba组和oracle用户为保障oracle数据库运行安全，oracle数据库服务器使用的文件或原始磁盘设备必须有适当的所有权和权限。loracle软件安装目录为/u01，确保/目录下有足够的磁盘空间loracle数据文件存放在/u01/oradata目录下，oracle数据文件可存放在本地文件，或采用裸设备方式。建议现网数据库采用裸设备。第二章准备工作目前现网oracle数据库服务器采用的操作系统为LINUX和IBM AIX、HP。不同操作系统上安装oracle数据库软件以及创建oracle数据库操作相同，只是在准备工作中不同操作系统对应的命令稍有不同。如下oracle安装是以IBM AIX平台为例。1、查看主机环境以及确定oracle安装介质使用root用户查看主机信息：平台查看操作系统版本查看操作系统位数查看内存大小ORACLE安装介质LINUXcat /etc/issueuname m32位或64位cat /proc/meminfo10201_database_linux32.zip10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gzHPUXuname a64位glance敲m10gr2_database_hpi.zipAIXoslevel64位lsattr-El mem010gr2_aix5164_database.cpio.gz上表格中提供的oracle介质版本为10.2.1版本的，如下表格提供最新补丁：平台补丁包LINUXP8202632_10205_linux.zipP8202632_10205_linux-x86-64.zipAIXP6810189_10204_AIX5L.zip关于数据库版本升级，请查看相关数据库升级手册。为便于后期采用图形化界面安装oracle，linux平台需要libXp包平台libXp包LINUX 32位libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpmlibXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpmLINUX 64位libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpmlibXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm例如：# ls -l|grep libXp-rw-r-r- 1 root root 23576 Oct 12 2009 libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm-rw-r-r- 1 root root 15208 Dec 28 2009 libXp-devel-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm# rpm -ivh libXp-*.rpmwarning: libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186Preparing. # 100% 1:libXp # 50% 2:libXp-devel # 100%ORACLE安装介质以及所需软件包可从公司ftp上下载。2、创建oracle用户和组根据不同操作系统平台，使用相应的命令创建oracle用户和组，以及设置密码。平台创建oinstall组创建oracle用户并设置密码LINUXgroupadd oinstallgroupadd dbauseradd -g oinstall G dba m -d /home/oracle oraclepasswd oracleHPUXgroupadd oinstallgroupadd dbauseradd -g oinstall G dba m -d /home/oracle/oraclepasswd oracleAIXmkgroup -A oinstallmkgroup A dbauseradd g oinstall G dba m d /home/oracle oraclepasswd oracle例子：使用root权限创建#mkgroup -A dba#mkgroup -A oinstall#useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle -m oracle#id oracleuid=210(oracle) gid=204(oinstall) groups=203(dba)#passwd oracleChanging password for oracleoracles New password:Enter the new password again:3、将oracle介质上传到/ids目录下首先在/目录下，创建u01目录，并修改属主#cd /#mkdir u01#chown oracle:oinstall u01#chmod 755 u01上传oracle介质到/u01目录下#su oracle接入oracle用户$cd /u01$ls -l-rw-r- 1 oracle oinstall 1268576110 May 11 01:16 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz解压软件包$gunzip 10gr2_aix5l64_database.cpio.gz$cpio idcmv conn /as sysdbaConnected.SQLshutdownDatabase closed.Database dismounted.ORACLE instance shut down.SQLstartupORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 5016387584 bytesFixed Size 2027640 bytesVariable Size 905973640 bytesDatabase Buffers 4093640704 bytesRedo Buffers 14745600 bytesDatabase mounted.Database opened.启动监听：$ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 01-SEP-2010 14:18:47Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/product/10/db/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/product/10/db/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/product/10/db/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=8)(PORT=1521)Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=8)(PORT=1521)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionStart Date 01-SEP-2010 14:18:47Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /u01/product/10/db/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /u01/product/10/db/network/log/listener.logListening Endpoints Summary. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=8)(PORT=1521) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)Services Summary.Service PLSExtProc has 1 instance(s). Instance PLSExtProc, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command completed successfully查看监听状态$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 01-SEP-2010 14:18:56Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=8)(PORT=1521)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionStart Date 01-SEP-2010 14:18:47Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 8 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /u01/product/10/db/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /u01/product/10/db/network/log/listener.logListening Endpoints Summary. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=8)(PORT=1521) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC0)Services Summary.Service PLSExtProc has 1 instance(s). Instance PLSExtProc, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command completed successfully第六章客户端连接服务器相关配置在客户端服务器上安装后ORACLE CLIENT软件后，需要配置TNSNAMES.ORA文件，设置连接数据库服务器的相关信息。关于安装ORACLE CLIENT软件，请考虑oracle client安装手册。1、配置TNSNAMES.ORA$cat tnsnames.oraORCDB= (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_L