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单词拼写题分析及解题指导 自从1991年以来高考题中增加了专项测试单词拼写的题型以来,试题几经变化,考查的重点由知识考查向能力考查转移,形式为首字母提示或汉语提示。陕西省的单词拼写题,则以汉语提示为主,看似难度有所降低,但却有综合考查的功能,实现了对单词拼写正确、形式正确、句子结构完整和句子意思明确四个方面的考查目标,达到了既定的检测效果,也强调了对语言基本功和语言综合运用能力的掌握。一、单词拼写题的命题特点1、所有题均为汉语提示填词。建议平时应做针对练习题。2、所考单词全是考试说明上要求的词,这就要求学生要熟练掌握考纲要求的2,000多个词。3、考查的单词所含字母最少的是5个字母(如74题 spread ),含字母最多的是11个(如68题temperature),多数所考单词为69个字母,所以考生复习时也要注意单词的长度。4、关于各种词性的考查如下:名词(4个)、动词(3个)、形容词(1个)、副词(1个)、数词(1个)。由此可见名词、动词、形容词、副词是单词拼写考查的重点。二、单词拼写题的常见考点1、考查的重点是名词,并且常会涉及到单复数的变化。如72题materials.2、动词常考时态、语态、非谓语动词及动词的过去式和过去分词的不规则变化。如70题和74题。3、形容词和副词常考两者的区别。4、序数词涉及到了不规则变化。三、高考单词拼写题的解题策略1、正确理解句子大意充分利用题干信息,整体把握全句的意思,并结合单词自身的用法及固定搭配,排除同义词的干扰来答题。如75题,Its cold today, Please put another_(毯子) on the bed . 正确答为blanket, 而很多学生填成了carpet. 学生出错是因为没有整体把握句意,忽视了 后面的on the bed, 而填成了carpet(地毯)。2、正确判断所缺单词的词性一般说来,名词的判断较容易一些,但有时由于英汉在表达习惯上的差异造成一些词性判断上的难度。这就要求考生要分析句子成分,充分理解语境。如71. The acceptance of new members is _(严格) controlled. 正确答案为strictly, 而汉语提示“严格”很多学生填成了形容词strict, 这是由于学生未分析句子成分所致。3、正确判断所填单词的具体形式若是名词,则要考虑单、复数形式;动词要注意时态、语态、人称、数量、语气及非谓语动词形式;若为修饰词,则应注意下列规则:形容词修饰名词或代词,副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句。例如72. When building_ (材料)cost more, the price of houses increases. 正确答案为materials. 首先判断此处用名词 material. 然后根据后面的谓语cost, 根据主谓一致原则,可以判断出用复数形式materials.又如,74. The idea started in Standlake and has_(传开) throughout the country. 分析句子结构可知此处填谓语动词,由关键词has 可知此处是现在完成时态,应填过去分词,而spread 过去分词和原形相同,故答案为spread.4、仔细检查,正确、工整地填词确定答案后,要再通读一遍句子,若所填句子位于句首,要注意首字母大写,然后再工整、正确地填写单词,避免人为地失分。四、2009年高考单词拼写题的备考策略1、重点复习考纲的词汇表中的词汇,将常用的单词进行重点记忆,我校高三英语备课组历经三年,精选了538个热点词汇并配编了352个单词拼写题,竟猜准了9个词汇,有效地提高了单词复习的效率。2、注意同一词根不同词性的单词的拼写区别及固定搭配。如70. Its no use_(后悔) what you have done. “后悔”一词为regret, 而此处是固定句型“Its no use/useless doing sth.”故填 regretting.3、注意英汉表达的区别及同义词辨析。如67. There is much work to do, so well have to _(分) it between us. 有些考生会填成 separate,而仔细辨析可知,此处是“将整体分成部分”故用divide, 而separate是指“把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来。”总之,只要重视词汇复习的策略,平时多加练习,在考场上细心答题,要答好单词拼写题是不成问题的,而且还会对阅读理解等其他题的解答有很大的益处。 2010年高考英语单词拼写专题辅导【典型错误】1. 词性不分Do you know how many countries belong to _(欧洲)Union.The government will take _ (立刻) action to punish the criminals.Since my _(到达) in France, I have made a great number of friends.2. 忽略名词的复数形式及不规则变化。Cabbage, carrots, and tomatoes are my favorite _(蔬菜).One of the _(乘客)taking the plane to London is a great writer.I set a trap for _(老鼠), but I failed to catch any one.3. 可数名词和不可数名词不分 Weve just bought a big house and need some new _(家具). We offered our _ (祝贺) to Li Ping on winning the first prize in the National English Competition.4. 不清楚不规则或规则动词的正确变化形式It was extremely cold and some animals were _(冻) to death.The idea started in Standlake and has _(传开) throughout the countryThe president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without_ (参考)to his notes. 5. 忽略时态或语态The house that fell last night is being _(重建).I hadnt seen him for years, but still I _(听出) his voice on the phone.Many people _(聚集) in the main square and supported him.6. 忽略非谓语动词形式 Were looking forward to _ (收到)your letter as soon as possible. John had a bad cold. He kept _(咳嗽)the whole night. Its no use _(后悔) what you have done.7. 忽略形容词、副词的恰当选择或比较级、最高级形式 Youll feel _(凉爽)to stand in the shade than in the sun. Please think (仔细) before you answer the questions. 【应试策略】1、运用单词拼写“三到位”判断法,即从词义、词性、词形三方面考虑判断。(1)判断词义。由句意或所给汉语判断词义,确定单词。(2)判断词性。根据句子结构,判断是用形容词还是用副词,用动词还是用名词等。1) He is a writer of rich_(想象) 2) The girl who kept shouting and crying was_(显然) mad 3) Darwin based his ideas on _(科学)experiment 4)All the students in my class _(成功) in passing the final exam.(3)判断词形。要注意单词的词形变化。名词要考虑是可数还是不可数名词,是单数还是复数。形容词要看是原级,还是比较级、最高级。动词则要判断是何种时态,或是现在分词、过去分词等。1)We had great difficulty in _(呼吸)for the air was thin.2) Their living conditions have been _(改善)in the past few years .3) In our library ,there are many newspapers and _(杂志) for us to read . 4) She has some_(困难)remembering peoples names. 5) It is _ (凉爽)today than it was yesterday .2、仔细认真,不忘大小写1)_(秋天)comes after summer. 2) Some American children posted some _(圣诞)cards to us3、书写要工整、清楚。特别要注意几个手写时易混的字母,如u和v;a和u ;d和cl.不要因为书写时字迹潦草或不规范而丢分。真 题 再 现2009全国II66. On _(平均),people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do67. For a goalkeeper. Its a great _(优势)to have big hands. 68. Many of his finest pictures are _(悬挂)in the National museum.69. Sydney wants to become a _(律师)in the future70. He _(按下)the button and the doorbell rang.71. Farmers are reporting a very big _(收成)this year. 72. I washed and _(剃须), then hurried out of the house. 73. John missed the game because of _(幼儿园)in September. 74. The old lady needs a few feather _(枕头)to make herself comfortable.2008全国卷II66. Lisa, I didnt _(认出)you-youve had your hair cut! 67. I usually just have a _(三明治)for lunch. 68. Mr. White announced that he would go to China in _ (二月). 69. The story was first written in English and later _(翻译)into Chinese. 70. The village children like to go _(游泳)in the nearby river. 71. One of our _(邻居)kept a very beautiful garden. 72. The English teacher gives the class a _ (听写)almost every day. 73. David turned and walked off in the _(相反)direction. 74. I suggest that we have _(定期)meetings. 75. Rose rushed _(向楼下)to answer the door.2007全国卷II66. Theres a _(留言)from Karen on the phone.67. They football game was _(播出)live on TV across Europe.68. Theyre going to _(庆祝)their victory with music and dancing.69. The _(大多数)of students find it quite hard to learn German.70. Very few people _(成功)in losing weight these days.71. The book gives a short _(描述)of the city.72. The doctor _(表扬)our daughter for her courage this morning.73. There were piles of newspapers _(到处)in the house.74. What is your _(最喜欢的)color?75. The little girl is wearing a _(粉红色的)dress.2006全国卷II66. Im very hungry I _(错过)lunch. 67. Jack took a deep_ (呼吸)and then dived into the water. 68. Ive got an_(普通)sort of car, nothing special. 69. I want to thank everyone who has_(鼓励)and supported me .70. Jenny spends hours in front of the_(镜子)! 71. It is_(稍微)colder today than it was yesterday. 72. The story is written by an_(澳大利亚)engineer. 73. Tom was_(羞愧)of having lied to his parents. 74. _(一月)is the first month of the year. 75. Can you_(想像)standing up there and giving a speech? 2005全国III(陕西)66When the queen is at home, the flag would be raised on top of her _ .(宫殿)67The two friends_(分享)all that they had when they were studying abroad. 68Few students in my class can_(付得起)a trip to New Zealand. 69Oliver was unable to give police a _(描述)of his attacker. 70You will be better accepted if you can speak more _(自然地)in public. 71The little girl got_(分开)from the group in the dark. 72The day after_(圣诞节)is called Boxing Day. 73Attention please ,the game will begin_ (立刻). 74They finished_(测量)that piece of land last week. 75The international _(烟草)industry is making a lot of money from the developing countries.仿 真 练 习(1)66. I bought some _ (蜡烛) in the supermarket just in case. 67. Mum told me to put another _ (毯子) on the bed.68. The _(重要) of washing ones hands before a meal is that it prevents infection.69. Getting up early and having a shower is my_(习惯).70. The government is taking measures to _(控制) the price. 72. Please dont _(打扰) me while Im working. 73._(判断) from his expression, he has passed the examination.74. Smoking is not _(允许) in public in this city.75. We must arrange a _(方便) time and place for the meeting.(2)66. Our school has been given some new _ (设备).67. The tongue is one of the organs for_(发音).68. The two friends sat in a corner and _(闲聊) about the price of stocks and shares. 69.Peopleuse_(现代的) machines to so much work. 70. The teacher _(惩罚) the noisy children by making them stay after school.71. The fire _(蔓延) from the factory to the houses nearby.72. He is always wearing a _(灰色) coat. 73. It is only _(最近) that I got a copy of the novel.74. The soldier had shown great _(勇气) in the battle. 75. She has some difficulty _(说服) her husband to give up smoking. (3)66. I hadnt seen him for years, but still I _(听出) his voice on the phone.67. At the sight of the police, the thieves ran away in all _ (方向).68. This television set has a picture of poor _ (质量) though it is cheap.69. China is a country _ (属于) to the developing countries.70. We offered our _ (祝贺) to Li Ping on winning the first prize in the National English Competition.71. She has made great _ (进步) in her studies this term.72. It is no use _(假装) not to see him in the street.73. A fork and knife is often used when eating _ (西方) food.74. After a heated argument, they left the meeting room _ (生气). 75. Luckily, no one was killed in the _ (交通) accident.(4)66. In the battle, about eleven were killed, _ (包括) the guide.67. Are coins the same in size, weight and _ (形状)?68. A good _ (开端) is half the battle.69. All the students in my class _(成功) in passing the final exam.70. The plan should be _ (稍微) changed here.71. The more you listen to English, the _ (容易) it becomes.72. Mike got up as early as _ (往常) though it was Sunday.73. People in some African countries _ (仍然) very poor.74. Please read the _ (说明) before you operate the machine.75. Do you know when the first computer was _ (发明).(5)66. Your plan needs some _ (解释), we are not quite clear about it.67. Your invitation is sure to be _(接受) by Mr Smith.68. The little girl was too _ (紧张) to speak at the meeting. 69. There was no wind. The smoke rose _ (笔直) upward.70. _(比较) with yours, my work is far from being good.71. Everyone has the right to make his own _ (决定).72. Let me know the time of your _ (到达).73. The peoples Republic of China was _ (建立) in 1949.74. When he was young, he _(喜欢) volleyball to basketball.75. Japan depends on foreign countries for _ (天然的) resources.(6)66. It is going to rain. Youd better take an _(雨伞) with you.67. I beg your _(原谅), I cant agree with you.68. The shoes are _(舒适). Even though they are a little expensive, I will take them.69. I love sports, _(尤其) playing basketball. 70. The _(人口) of China is the largest in the world.71. _(无论哪儿) you go, remember to write to me.72. I _(期望) you to drive me home.73. I _(过去常常) to go the cinema, but I never have the time now.74. I can make a _(完美的) copy of the famous picture.75. The scientist_(想知道) if the monkey is cleverer than any other animal.【典型错误】1. European immediate arrival2. vegetables passengers mice3. furniture congratulations 4. frozen spread referring5. rebuilt recognized gathered6. receiving coughing 7. cooler carefully真 题 再 现2008全国卷II66. recognize (-ise) 67. sandwich 68. February 69. translated 70. swimming 71. neighbor(u)rs 72. dictation 73. opposite 74. regular 75. downstairs2007全国卷II66. message 67. broadcast/broa
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