英语词汇学及答案.doc

英语词汇学第一部分 选择题 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers .Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30） 1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following example A. lewd ignorant B. silly foolish C. last pleasure D. knave boy 2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of: A. humour B. sarcasm C. ridicule D. all the above 3. The four major modes of semantic change are _. A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradation B. extension, generalization, elevation and degradation C. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradation D. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation 4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _. A. synecdoche B. metonymy C. substitution D. metaphor 5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _. A. adjectives B. attributes C. modifiers D. words 6. Grammatical context refers to _ in which a word is used. A. vocabulary B. grammar C. semantic pattern D. syntactic structure 7. In the idiom in good feather, we change good into high, full without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _ . A. addition B. replacement C. position-shifting D. variation 8. The word laconic is _. A. onomatopoeically motivated B. morphologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. etymologically motivated 9. CCELD is distinctive for its _. A. clear grammar codes B. language notes C. usage notes D. extra columns 10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping? A. Dorm B. motel C. Gent D. Zoo 11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _ words. A. 30,000 to 40,000 B. 50,000 to 60,000 C. 70,000 to 80,000 D. 80,000 to 90,000 12. _ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. A. Roots B. Stems C. Affixes D. Compounds 13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _ in the Middle English period. A. Dutch origin B. Danish origin C. Latin origin D. Greek origin 14. A word is a symbol that _ . A. is used by the same speech community B. represents something else in the world C. is both simple and complex in nature D.shows different ideas in different sounds 15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _. A. are complex words. B. are technical words C. refer to the commonest things in life. D. denote the most important concepts. 第二部分 非选择题 II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10） 16. The same idiom may show _ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning. 17. LDCE is a _ dictionary. 18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _. 19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _. 20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _. III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types of meaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms（10） 21. grammatical meaning ( )A. Scottish 22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl 23. pen ( )C. morphologically motivated 24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state 25. difference in connotation ( )E. answer/ respond 26. elevation ( )F. etymologically motivated 27. degradation ( )G. garage ( a place for storing cars) 28. narrowing ( )H. thing (any object or event) 29. extension ( )I. part of speech 30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person) IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of word formations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10） 31. heart and soul ( ) 32. fathermale parent ( ) 33. motherfemale parent ( ) 34. city-bred ( ) 35. lip-reading to lip-read ( ) 36. headache ( ) 37. antecedent ( ) 38. preview ( ) 39. receive ( ) 40. called ( ) V. Define the following terms（10） 41. specialized dictionary 42. collocative meaning 43. transfer 44. morpheme 45. old English VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.（12） 46.Whats the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation? Illustrate your points. 47. What is dismembering? 48. What is collocative meaning? Give one example to illustrate your point. VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18） 49. The pen is mightier than the sword. Explain what pen and sword mean respectively using the theory of motivation. 50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention to the words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve the sentence.(100 words) The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight. 英语词汇学第一部分 选择题 IEach of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%) 1. B 2. D3. A4. B5. A6. D 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C第二部分 非选择题 II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%) 16. stylistic 17.monolingual 18.semantic opposition 19. degradation 或 pejoration 20.productivity and collocability III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%) 21. I 22. C 23. F 24. B 25. E26. D 27. J 28. G 29. H 30. A IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word formation；3）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%) 31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature 32. conceptual meaning 33. conceptual meaning 34. n+v-ed 35. backformation 36. n+v 37. bound root 38. prefix 39. bound root 40. inflectional affix/morpheme V. Define the following terms.(10%) 41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分) 42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分) 43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic transfer. 44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language. 45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150. VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%) 46. 要点： Radiation Concatenation i) primary meaning i) first sense ii）次要意义由主要意义辐射 ii）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接 iii）名词语义互不依赖 iii）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象 47. 要点： （1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分） （2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分） （3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分） 注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣1分，拼写扣0.5分） 48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in discussion. For example, pretty and handsome share the conceptual meaning of good looking, but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with: pretty handsome VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Wri