高中一年级英语必修第四单元复习.doc

高中一年级英语必修（二）第四单元复习2010一、 Words and expressions.单词和词组wild waIld adj. 野生的；未开发的；荒凉的wild animal 野兽 wild plant 野生植物wildlife n. 野生的动植物W W F (World Wildlife Fund fQnd) 世界野生生物基金会 1、 wild adj. 野生的；未开发的；荒凉的，如： wild flowers 野花， wild ducks 野鸭，wild goose 野雁，wild man 未开化之人，run wild撒野1) To protect wildlife is protecting human race itself. 保护野生动植物就是保护人类自己。2) Many wild animals and wild plants have died out on the earth. 许多野生动植物在地球上消失了。3) You must prevent this naughty boy from running wild. 你要劝阻这个顽皮小子别撒野。用wild, wildanimal, wild plant, wildlife 填空。1) The tiger is a dangerous .2) The antelope is a rare in Tibet.3) The ginseng 5dVinseN (人参) is a rare in thick forests.4) There are all kinds of flowers on the hill.5) We must protect all useful on the earth.6) Don5t pick up the on the roadside.species 5spi:Fi:z n. 种类，动植物的物种，品种，（口语中）某类人物kind kaInd n. 类型，类属sort sR:t n. 种类，类别2、 species 单复数同形和kind ,sort 都有“种类”、“类别”的意思，但含义上又有差别。 species 用于动、植物种的类别，属于那种属性的植物或动物的“纲”、“目”、“科”、“属”、“类”。按科学属性的动植物分类。1） Wheat is a species of grass. 小麦是属禾本科植物。2) All kinds of apples belong to the same species. 所有苹果都属同一科。3) There are over 200 species of fish. 有二百多类的鱼。4) That strange animal belongs to a species that we haven5t seen before. 那种奇异的动物是我们从未看过的一个物种。 kind 一般指客观存在着的具有同特性的一个“种类”，一般按主观判断来归类，编组是一个无严格范畴概念的种类。如：5) There are different kinds of flowers in the garden. 花园里有各种各样的鲜花。 6) Which kind of paper do you want ? 你想要哪种纸？7) This kind of pears is highly priced. 这种梨价格很高。sort 意思是“种类”时，不如kind那么正式，常指大体上相似的种类，of a sort , of sorts 常含有贬义，如：8) I5ll never do this sort of thing. 我决不会干这种事。9) I don5t believe anything of this sort. 我完全不相信这类事情。10) She is not such a bad sort when you get to know her.当你慢慢了解她时，你（会发现）她并不是那样一种坏人。用species, kind 和sort或所给单词的正确形式填空。1) Rice is a of grass.2) Tiger is a of cat.3) There are all of animals in the zoo.4) You should not make friends with this of man.5) We can do nothing of the .6) He has been the man who can5t .(trust)area 5ZErIE n. 地区；区域region 5ri:dVEn n. 地区、地带、区域district 5dIstrikt n. 区域；管辖区zone zEun n. 带，区域（气候）reserve riz5:v n. 自然保护区Hong Kong Special Affair Region HKSAR 香港特别行政区3、这五个词都与“区域”有关，但所指范围有很大区别。area 通常指面积较大的地区，而且不是行政上的地理单位。1) They are living in the western addition area of the city. 他们住在城西新建的社区。2) Very few people live in the desert area of the United States. 美国极少人住在沙漠地区。region 指固定的一个区域，有其特点的区域或领域，特别行政区，用region.3） Hong Kong is a SAR in China. 香港是中国的一个特别行政区。4) Few people live in the cold region (area) of the world. 极少人住在地球的寒冷地域。5) Li Siguang was an authority in the region of geology.李四光是地质学领域的权威。district 的范围比 region 要小，可以是行政区域的一个“区”，如：Huiyang District of Huizhow city 惠州市惠阳区，也可是一个经济区、商业区域。6) That is a business district in the city. 那是城市的商业区。zone n.带（气候），危险地带，作战（区域），圈围（地带）7) Most of the world5s wheat is grown in North temperature zone. 世界多数小麦种在北温带。8) In order to protect wild animals , our government has set up some national natural protection zones. 为了保护野生动物，我国政府建立了一些国家自然保护区。 reserve 指自然保护区，预留之公用地，保留地。9) A natural reserve is a piece of land where wild animals are kept safe from hunters. 自然保护区就是一块使野生动物免受猎人伤害的地方。用area, region , district, zone, reserve 填空。1) There are large desert in the west of China.2) Macao (澳门) is a Special Affair in China.3) That is an industrial (工业的) in the city.4) They live in a wild mountain east of here.5) Wolong Natural is a piece of land where pandas are kept safe.6) Most of the world5s rice is grown in South hot .7) Yang Zhen-ning is a famous authornity in the of physics.8) Huiyang is a part of Huizhow City.die out 死亡，消失disappear v. 消失了pass away (pass over) 去世，死掉be gone 完了，消逝了，去世了4、die out 死亡，消失1) As a result, many wild animals have died out. 结果，许多野生动物消失了。2) Elephants would die out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished. 如果允许人类想捕杀多少就捕杀多少，大象就会绝种。3) Many of the traditions have died out. 许多传统已经消逝了。disappear v. 消失了4) That species disappeared in Ice Age. 那个物种冰川时期就消失了。5) Dinosaurs disappeared 6.5 million years ago. 恐龙在六千五百万年前就消失了。pass away (pass over) 去世，死掉6） The old woman passed away at ninety . 老太太九十岁时去世。7) His grandfather passed over a week ago. 他祖父一星期前去世了。过去分词gone 在句子中作表语，表示“完了”“消逝了”“死了”，如：8) All is over. He is gone. 一切都完了，他死了。9) My job is gone. 我的工作丢了。10) Time is gone. 时光流逝了。用die out, disappear , pass away , pass over, be gone 填空。1) This kind of bird is .2) The South China tiger will nearly .3) Milu deer from China many years ago.4) If we don5t do our best to protect wild animals,some of them will soon .5) If we don5t protect Tibetan antelopes , they may all be soon.6) I don5t know your grandmother had .7) Her great grandmother a year ago.8) Only those species survived, the others .concern kEn5sE:n vt. 和有关，牵涉到be concerned about 关心be concerned with 和有关be concerned in 参与，牵涉到5、 concern v. 和有关1) That matter concerns all of us. 那件事和我们大家有关。be concerned with 和有关All of us are concerned with that matter. 我们大家都和那事有关。All of us have something to do with that matter.be concerned about 关心2) His mother is quite concerned about him. 他妈妈很关心他。His mother cares for him very much.His mother is quite worried about him. 他妈妈很牵挂他。be concerned in 参与，牵涉到3) He was concerned in the matter. 他参加了那件事。还有take good care of , look after , show concern 等都有关照、关怀、关心的意思.根据所给汉语，完成句子。1）党和政府深切地关心年轻人。 The Party and the government deeply the youngster.2） 我们必须互相关心，互相爱的记，互相帮助。 We must each other, love and help each other.3） 他和交通事故有关。The traffic accident him.He with the traffic accident.He had something with the traffic accident.4) 他们经常参与体育活动。They often physical activities.They often in physical activities.5） 关心她的人只有她丈夫。 The only one who her is her hushand.peace pi:s n. 和平，安宁，平静 in peace 平静地（peacefully）peaceful adj. 和平的，爱好和平的 peaceloving 爱好和平的quiet kwaiE adj. 寂静的，安静的，文静的quietness n. quietly adv. 静静地silent 5sailEnt adj. 寂静无声，沉默，无言以对silence 5sailEns n. silently adv. calm ka:m n. adj. 海（天气）风平浪静，无风，心境平和calm down v. 使安静，使人平静6、 peace n. 和平及宁静。就战争而言，peace 是“和平”环境。1) We love peace and fight against war. 我们热爱和平、反对战争。2) My only wish is that I can live in peace without being disturbed by the others. 我唯一的愿望就是平静地生活，不受别人干扰。quiet 作形容词时作“无声”“轻声”“安静”，noisy 是反义词。3) Be quiet ,please. (Keep quiet, please.) 请安静。4) The young man is gentle and quiet. 这个年轻人儒雅、文静。silent 指寂静，沉默，不出声。5) Be silent . (Keep silent) 安静，别出声。 6) The house was empty and silent. 房子里空无一人，寂静无声。calm n. 通常指海面平静，人心境平和，如：7) The sea was calm and there were some boats on sea. 海面风平浪静，海面上有几条小船。8) It is important to keep calm when they meet with difficulties. 遇到困难时，保持平静是很重要的。用peace, quiet , silent 和 calm填空。1) Your brother needs and peace, because he is doing his homework.2) The headmaster is speaking at the meeting in a voice.3) Most of us wish to live in .4) They had a evening watching TV.5) You had better keep about what happened.6) China is a developing country . The Chinese people need .7) The high wind passed and the sea was again.8) She was for a moment and then began his story.earth E:W n. 地球，地上，泥on the earth 在世界上（地球上）on earth 在世上，究竟，加强语气（作强势状语）in the earth 地泥土里 in earth 地里7、on the earth 意为在地球上，相当于in the world.1) If we don5t do something useful, many wild animals and plants will disappear on the earth. 如果我们不采取有效措施，许多野生动、植物将会在地球上消失。 on earth 可以解释为“世上”，还可以作“究竟”，加强句子语气。2) He is the loneliest man on earth. 他是世上最孤独的人。3) What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思？ in the earth 在泥土里 4) He found some coins in the earth. 他在泥土里找到几枚硬币。用on the earth , on earth , in the earth, in earth 填空。1) There are mearly 7 billion people .2) The man is the laziest .3) Nothing can prevent us from going ahead. (前进)4) We plant many young trees in spring.5) They are digging sweet potatoes .6) China is one of the largest countries .7) They asked him what he was up to .(干什么)8) I am going to plant some fruit seeds in my garden.contain kEnt5ein v. 包含，容纳，容忍include in5klu:d v. 包括8、 contain 做动词时，意为“含有”“包含”，“内装”侧重整体之内有，如：1) This book contains the information you need. 这本书中有你需要的资料。 2）The atlas (地图册)contains forty maps, including three maps of China. 这本地图册里有四十幅地图，其中包括三幅中国地图。3) This closet contains more than twenty suits of clothes. 这衣柜有二十多套衣服。4) These valleys contain gold mines. 这些山谷藏有金矿。 include v. 包括5） The list includes my name. 名单上有我的名字。6) The box contains a lot of gifts , including one of yours. 这盒子里有许多礼物，包括你的一件。用contain 和 include 的适当形式填空。1) My wallet a little money.2) A kilometre 1，000 metres.3) This plan most of your suggestions.4) This small room too much furniture.5) This book 200 pags , including 15 pictures.6) The price both house and furniture.注意：“容纳”还可以用hold ，如：This concert hall can hold five hundred people. 音乐厅能容500人。affect E5fekt vt. 影响，感动，感染（疾病）effect i5fekt n. 效果，效力 effective adj. 有效的 9、 affect 是及物动词1) The rise in price will affect all classes. 物价上涨将影响到各阶层的人。2) Any change in the weather will affect the crops.任何天气变化都会影响庄稼的生长。3) She is always deeply affected by music. 她常被音乐深深感动。4) His throat is affected by cold. 他的喉咙因感冒发炎了。 effect n. 是名词，常指“效果”“效力”或“作用”，构成词组have an effect on 相当于affect.5) The medicine has little effect on the old man. 这种药对那老人几乎没有效果。6) Punishment almost had no effect on the naughty boy.惩罚对那个顽皮男孩子几乎不起作用。 It is not effective to punish the naughty boy.7) We must take some effective measures to protect wildlife. 我们必须采取一些有效措施保护野生动植物。根据所给汉语，完成句子。1） 吸烟影响健康。 Smoking .2） 这个已经影响到他的态度。 This has his attitude.3） 我们的争论对他们有一些影响。 Our argument has some them.4） 这种药对她很有效果。 This medicine has great her.5） 天气影响到许多人的健康。 The climate will the health of many people.6） 我们必须采取一些有效措施保护环境。We must to protect environment.lose lu:z lost lRst lost lRst losing lu:ziN vt. 失去，丧失loss lRs n. 损失，遗失，丧失miss mis missed mist missed missing v. 失去，错过，思念10、 lose vt. 失去，丢失1) She lost two sons in the war. 战争中她失去了两个儿子。2) I have lost my job. 我已经失业了。I am out of work. be/get lost 迷路3) They got lost in the thick forest. 他们在密林中迷路了。lose the train (bus) ; miss the train (bus) 赶不上火车（汽车）can5t catch the train4) Hurry up , or we5ll lose the early bus. 快一点，否则我们赶不上早班车。5) They had missed the train. 他们已经错过了火车。lost过去分词和 missing 现在分词 ，可作定语，如：6) The lost boy has been found. 丢失的男孩子已经找到了。7) The missing necklace has been never found. 丢失的项链再也找不回来了。 lose oneself in 迷上，沉醉于8) They lost themselves in the beautiful music. 他们沉醉于美妙的音乐之中。lose heart 丧失信心9) Don5t lose heart whatever you do . 不管干什么，都不要丧失信心。loss n. 10) The loss of his money worried him. 丢钱使他烦心。 根据所给汉语，完成句子。1） 洪水期间许多人失去了生命。 Many people during the flood.2） 他失业已经两年了。He two years ago.He of work for two years.3） 密林中容易迷路。 It is easy in the thick forest.4） 我们早点起床，以便赶上早班火车。 We get up early so that we can .5） 他启程那么迟以致无法赶上末班车。He set out so late that he would bus.He set out so late that he bus.6） 这对父母亲已经找到了丢失的女儿。 The parents have found .7） 海伦丢失的项链是昨晚鹦鹉偷的。 Helen5s necklace by the parrot last night.8） 这些孩子经常沉迷于玩电子游戏。 The children often in playing computer games.9） 无论碰到什么困难，你都不要丧失信心。 You can5t no matter what difficulty you meet with.10） 失去健康之后，他才意识到锻炼的重要性。 He didn5t realize the importance of health until the of it.dress dres v. get dressed 穿衣，给某人穿衣dress n. 衣服，连衣裙put on 穿衣（戴帽，穿鞋） try on 试穿wear wZE wore wR: worn wR:n v. 穿戴have on 穿，戴in , with 11、dress vt. vi 可作及物动词或不及物动词。作及物动词后面跟宾语是“人”不是“衣服”，如：1) The girl is old enough to dress herself. 这个女孩大了，可以自己穿衣了。 2) Can you dress the children? 你能给这些孩子穿衣吗？ 3) Please get up and dress quickly . 请赶快起床，穿衣。4) The young lady dresses well. 这位年轻女士穿着体面。5) I can dress in five minutes. 我能在五分钟内穿好衣服。 用dressed (过去分词)作表语，get dressed 作“穿好衣服”6) When she got dressed, she went out. 她穿好衣服，出去了。 After she put on her clothes, she went out. dress n. 衣服，女（连衣裙）7) Boys think less about dress than girls do. 男孩比女孩少考虑衣着。8) She wants to buy an evening dress. 她想买件晚礼服。9) The girl is wearing a dress today. 这个姑娘今天穿连衣裙。 put on 指“穿”、“戴”的动作，表示“穿”上，“戴”上，后接穿戴的东西，反义词是 take off.10) It is cold today. You had better put on more warm clothes. 今天天气冷，你最好穿多一些冬衣。11) Put on your new shoes. 穿上你的新鞋吧！ wear是及物动词，表示“穿”“戴”的状态，有“穿”着，“戴”着之意,后接“穿”、“戴”之物，如：12) The girl is wearing a pair of glasses. 这个女孩戴着一付眼镜。13) Many girls wear skirts in summer. 许多女孩子夏天穿裙子。14) The old woman often wears a gold necklace. 这个老太太常戴一条金项链。have on 意为“穿”着，“戴”着，指穿的状态，其后可接衣服、帽子、鞋子等能穿、戴之物，have on 相当于be in , be wearing 但have on 不能用进行时态。15) He has on a blue coat and grey trousers today. (He is wearing a blue coat and grey trousers today.)(He is in a blue coat and grey trousers today.)(He dresses in a blue coat and grey trousers today.) 他今天穿一件蓝上衣和一条灰裤子。 介词in， 表“穿”“着”，后接衣服或颜色。16) The girl in red is my elder sister. 穿红衣服的姑娘是我姐。The girl who is in red is my elder sister. 介词with 表示“穿”“戴”，只能与眼镜，手套之类各自搭配，不能接衣服。17) The gentleman with a pair of glasses looks very handsome. 戴眼镜的男士看起来很帅。用dress , get dressed, put on , try on , wear , in , with 的适当形式填空。1) Can the little girl herself ?2) The old woman a pair of glasses and reading a newspaper.3) Have you dressed yet ?4) She a gold necklace today.5) The young lady often two gold rings (戒指)in her fingers.6) Before you buy new shoes, them .7) She her new clothes now and she is ready to join in an evening party.8) Many girls like to skirts in summer.9) The boy jeans(牛仔裤)is my elder brother.10) The old woman a pair of glasses is my grandmother.11) Women usually pay more attention to than men do.12) It is colder today than yesterday. You had better more warm clothes.used to be 曾经是 used to do 曾经做过be used to sth 习惯于 get used to 习惯于be used to doing sth 习惯于干什么be used to do sth 被用于干什么be used as (for) 被用于12、 u